Teaching Ethical Aptitude to Graduate Student Researchers

Limited time dedicated to each training areas, irrelevant case-studies, and ethics “checklists” have resulted in bare-bones Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) training for present biomedical graduate student researchers. Here, we argue that science graduate students be taught classical ethical theory, such as virtue ethics, consequentialist theory, and deontological theory, to provide a basic framework to guide researchers through ethically complex situations and examine the applicability, implications, and societal ramifications of their research. Using a relevant biomedical research example to illustrate this point, we argue that proper ethics training for graduate student researchers not only will enhance current RCR training, but train more creative, responsible scientists.     

Well-being in times of task restructuring: The buffering potential of workplace learning

In this paper, we focus on task restructuring as one of the most frequently occurring types of change in our contemporary knowledge society. In spite of its evident prevalence, research on task restructuring and employee well-being has been scarce until now. Based on Conservation of Resources (COR) theory and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, we argue that task restructuring is negatively related with employee well-being (in terms of emotional exhaustion and vigour). Furthermore, we advance that opportunities for learning through reflection and experimentation, as well as recently acquired KSAOs can serve as buffers in the relationship between task restructuring and well-being. Hierarchical regression analyses and simple slope analyses were conducted in order to test the research hypotheses on a large sample of the Dutch working population (N = 1711). Task restructuring had a positive association with emotional exhaustion and a negative one with vigour. Furthermore, recently acquired KSAOs, as well as opportunities for reflection and experimentation, buffered the relationship between task restructuring and emotional exhaustion. Opportunities for reflection and experimentation moderated the relationship between task restructuring and vigour as well. This study suggests that workplace learning can mitigate the negative relationship between task restructuring and well-being.     

中国"政策试验"初探:类型、过程与功能

政策试验,是中国政策过程中特有的一种政策测试、完善与创新机制.根据政策试验的内容、时空范围以及试验目标侧重点的不同,其具体类型可以分为立法试验、试验区与试点等.政策试验的行动框架可以概括为"多元互动",而对于试验单位的选择则是政策试验活动中的核心要素.政策试验的具体功能则包括先行先试的示范效应和制度创新的辐射效应两个方...     

Experimental designs for mixture systems with multicomponent constraints

In an earlier paper it was recommended that an experimental design for the study of a mixture system in which the components had lower and upper limits should consist of a subset of the vertices and centroids of the region defined by the limitson the components. This paper extends this methodology to the situation where linear combinations of two or more components (e.g., liquid content=x₃+x₄+≦0.35) are subject to lower and upper constraints. The CONSIM algorithm, developed by R. E. Wheeler, is recommended for computing the vertices of the resulting experimental region. Procedures for developing linear and quadratic mixture model designs are discussed. A five-component example which has two multiple-component constraints is included to illustrate the proposed methods of mixture experimentation.     

基于JSP的图像处理实验教学平台的建设

文章介绍了一个基于JSP技术的图像处理实验教学平台的设计。该平台利用丰富的网络资源,为师生提供了一个界面友好生动、交互性强、教学效果良好的教与学互动的平台,实现了网络环境下的实验教学,改进学生专业课程学习过程和效果,提高专业课程教学效果和质量,培养适合新世纪能力素质的复合型人才。     

Guinea Pigs on the payroll: The ethics of paying research subjects

Regulatory bodies and scholars have traditionally conceptualized biomedical research on healthy subjects in the same way as research on patients. Guidelines and regulations have portrayed payment to a healthy subject as a potential constraint, or “undue influence,”; on the subject's free consent. In this essay we suggest an alternative way of conceptualizing research on healthy subjects, which sees the basic issue not as one of undue influence but as one of justice. Healthy subjects generally enroll in research protocols not for humanitarian reasons but for the money they will receive. Many of these protocols are conducted by profit‐driven corporations. Yet current guidelines and regulations prohibit subjects from negotiating for fair payment for the risks, discomforts and inconveniences they undergo, and IRBs are not staffed adequately to monitor the subject's safety. We propose to remedy the situation by regulating payment to healthy subjects as a labor relation.     

Human Sexual Development is Subject to Critical-Period Learning: Paradigm-Shifting Implications for Sexual Therapy and for Child-Rearing

ABSTRACT. Objectives: Our study was designed to study the origins of the variation in sexual interest in normal adult human beings. Methods: Retrospective data were entered anonymously by 2,201 female participants and 1,242 male participants using computer-assisted self-interview. Results: In both sexes, participants who began sexual behaviors before age 13 had the highest interest in sex as adults as measured by frequencies of masturbation and partner sex. Our findings were consistent with learning to function sexually being subject to critical-period learning. Conclusions: Critical-period learning provided a theoretical basis for understanding variation in interest in sex among adult individuals of both sexes. These results have implications for understanding the origins of hypoactive sexual desire, and they also have implications for child-rearing practices.     

MIMO实验系统中的数据缓冲应用研究

研究了基于FPGA控制的SDRAMModule在移动通信的MIMO技术实验系统中的应用,主要介绍了MIMO实验系统硬件平台、SDRAM的特点及其控制器软核的VHDL设计,以及USB2.0方式的数据传输。通过对页面读写、突发读写、集总和定时刷新等工作方式的灵活运用,很好地解决了MIMO无线通信中的海量数据高速缓冲问题。经MIMO实验系统验证表明,SDRAM控制器的数据缓冲方案高效可行,适用性突出。     

结构实验室管理体制改革初探

结构实验室管理体制和运行机制改革是实现土木工程方向学生素质化教育的必要途径.文章围绕实验课程的规范化管理、实验室开放、教学法改革与信息化建设进行了探讨.     

完善实验教材建设 提高实验教学质量

本文分析了当前师范院校在普及开设<电化教育学>课程中实验指导教材存在的问题,提出了新的实验指导编写的构想,对理论课与实验课、理论教材与实验教材、实验课与实验指导教材等关系对教学效果、教学质量的影响进行了探讨.