智慧法院伦理风险的表现样态及其化解进路

智慧法院是数智时代科技运用与法院传统业务进行交融后应运而生的新型样态。扫描一下现实情况，智慧法院存在着一定的伦理风险：技术运用容易导致司法公平风险，诱发司法公正风险，并滋生司法公开风险。针对三类问题，提出宣教符合时代价值的技术伦理观念、制定智慧法院技术伦理的政策和规范、开发合乎伦理规范的智慧法院应用程序三条有针对性的化解进路。     

双碳背景下CEO开放性与重污染企业绿色并购

双碳背景下重污染企业的绿色转型是必然趋势，而CEO在绿色转型中起着至关重要的作用。基于2015—2019年重污染企业并购数据，研究了双碳政策实施以来CEO开放性对重污染企业绿色并购的影响及其机制。研究发现：CEO开放性越高，重污染企业发起绿色并购的可能性越大；高管团队绿色注意力和短视倾向在CEO开放性对绿色并购的影响上起到部分中介作用；同时，CEO权力削弱了CEO开放性对高管团队绿色注意力的积极影响。另外，CEO开放性的提高会促进重污染企业绿色并购并抑制普通并购，尽管重污染企业的绿色并购在短期内不会增加实质性绿色创新，但有助于提升企业价值。异质性分析发现，CEO开放性的提高对绿色并购的促进作用在国有企业、高风险承担企业、低环境监管省份企业以及高行业期望绩效顺差企业中更大。因此，重污染企业在鼓励开放性CEO开展绿色并购的同时，要健全企业高管间的沟通机制，适当抑制CEO权力的过度使用，强化企业绿色发展意识，借助绿色并购实现企业绿色转型。     

基于协高阶矩检验体系的中国资本市场开放与风险传染效应研究

近年来，我国资本市场的开放不断向全面纵深推进，但有关这一进程中风险传染的研究却存在诸多待改进之处。以2000年后我国资本市场开放的若干重大事件为节点，运用协高阶矩风险传染检验体系，对我国资本市场与国际主要资本市场之间的风险传染状况及动态趋势进行了全面系统的考察，取得的主要结论包括：我国资本市场与国际主要资本市场之间的风险传染更多发生在波动、偏度和峰度等高阶矩层面；全球主要资本市场对我国资本市场的风险传染经历了上升—下跌—上升的非线性过程，其间，2006年合格境内机构投资者(QDII)正式进军国际市场和2018年A股正式纳入MSCI指数体系，对我国资本市场与国际主要资本市场之间的风险传染具有极为重要的影响；各国(地区)资本市场对我国资本市场的风险传染呈现聚集性，并在我国实施各类资本市场开放政策的前期更为显著；中国香港市场和日本市场对我国内地市场的风险传染效应最为显著，而2018年A股正式成为全球配资标的后，美国市场对我国内地市场的影响跃居第一，美国市场的影响力随着资本市场的逐渐开放而日益凸显。     

“五个发展”理念与民族地区经济社会全面发展研究

Development is the master key for resolving various problems in ethnic areas. During the process of development, we must have correct principles of development. During the “13th Five-Year Plan” period, it was acknowledged that the realization of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society, resolving its challenges, and grasping the advantages of development in ethnic areas must firmly establish and thoroughly conduct the development concepts of innovation, coordina￣tion, green, openness and sharing. This article presents an evaluation framework of the “five de￣velopment” concept, and then evaluates the devel￣opment status of ethnic areas. Based on the results of this evaluation, it proposes approaches for inno￣vation, coordination, green development, open￣ness, and sharing in ethnic areas.
Innovation is the first driving force in guiding development;coordination is the requirement for a sustainable and healthy development; green or“green development” is a necessary condition for sustainable development and important for people’s pursuit of a good life;openness is the only road for a country’s prosperity and development; and sha￣ring is the basic requirement of socialism with Chi￣nese characteristics. This paper analyzes the status of innovation in ethnic areas from the innovations of products, technology, markets and systems, etc. And, it discovers that the general level of innova￣tion in the eight ethnic provinces and districts of China ( Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Tibet, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Guizhou, Yunnan and Qinghai) is low, and that the development of innovation is unbal￣anced. Compared with the national average, devel￣opment in these areas lags far behind. For the pur￣pose of maintaining constant economic growth in the ethnic areas, and chasing after the level of de￣veloped areas, the input in innovation must be in￣creased, and the structure of innovation must be further optimized so that innovation becomes an im￣portant driving force in economic development. Realizing innovative development in ethnic areas must depend on the effort of constructing its own learning ability. Laborers should get good educa￣tion, good infrastructure should be built, and good innovation environmental programs should be crea￣ted with the investment of the government.
Realization of harmonious regional develop￣ment is the basic purpose of China’s regional devel￣opment strategy. Understanding this from the angle of economics, the concept of coordination at least should include coordination among three elements, i. e. time, departments and space. The concept of coordination for development should be realized through market mechanisms in the competitive en￣vironment, or through the rational intervention of the government. The concept of coordination for development discussed here mainly refers to the development of coordination of different regions and of urban and rural areas. Seeing from the perspec￣tive of harmonious regional development, the de￣velopment in the eight ethnic provinces and dis￣tricts is actually imbalanced. In addition, urban-rural relationship is another important aspect of re￣gional coordination development. The imbalanced development between urban and rural areas in Chi￣na is not only reflected in income, but is even more reflected in basic public services. The ap￣proaches for realizing the development of regional coordination in ethnic areas should 1 ) be com￣bined with an economic support belt, and impor￣tant lines of communication;2 ) guide the popula￣tion and economic activities to move to important regions for development;and 3 ) take a path of in￣clusive and green urbanization.
Green development is a basic element for sus￣tainable development. The purpose of green devel￣opment is to get solid growth, and avoid unsustain￣able models. Green development will make the re￣sources efficient, clean and resilient in the process of development. Green development requires con￣sidering the environmental capacity or resource carrying capacity while pushing economic develop￣ment. There are three factors in green growth, that it be: efficient, clean and resilient. Green devel￣opment in ethnic areas is decided by its ecological location. Generally speaking, compared with the national level, both the efficiency of resource usage and carbon emission in ethnic areas is low; and environmental resilience is very different in various areas. Increasing the resource usage rate and re￣ducing carbon emission are the main approaches for realizing green development in ethnic areas. The rich natural resources in ethnic areas are only a potential advantage, and not an economic advan￣tage in reality. For the purpose of turning rich nat￣ural resources into an economic advantage, and u￣sing them to promote the regional economic devel￣opment, one should depend on the property rights structure of natural resources, regional conditions of the area, the exploitation cost, the local tech￣niques for transforming natural resources, and the market conditions. We should strive to develop green ecological economics, and realize the“Three-Wins” in growth, poverty alleviation, and ecolo￣gy. According to the ecological advantages of the ethnic areas, as well as their ecological position in the whole country, we should rapidly develop green ecological industries ( eco-agriculture, eco-tourism, eco -industry ) , and make ecological economics become the important source for increas￣ing the income of the poor population. This should be done by taking the rare ecological resources as the base, the market needs as guidance, the mod￣ern business model as the carrier, and social cap￣ital as the driving force. Moreover, we should make plans for green development , make clear its goals and steps, and implement the Green Industry Approach. We should enhance ecological construc￣tion and protection; and initiate new progress in ecological civilization and poverty alleviation.
Openness or opening up is an inevitable course for the prosperity and development of a country or a district. Openness in ethnic areas in￣cludes both external and internal openness. Exter￣nal openness is opening up to other countries or districts, and internal openness is opening up to other areas within China. It could be noticed that external openness in the eight provinces and dis￣tricts of ethnic areas in China is imbalanced. So, we should integrate it with the construction strategy of the “One Belt and One Road” program, and construct a new external opening up framework in an all-round way. Ethnic areas are core areas of and an important foundation for constructing of the Silk Road economic belt, and the 21st -century Maritime Silk Road. The ethnic areas should im￣plement more actively the strategy of openness, and improve the strategic framework of opening up externally, construct new, open economic systems, expand new, open economic spaces so as to build the ethnic areas into important bridgeheads and create vital border economic belts opened to the west, north, and south of China.
Sharing the results of development by various ethnic groups, and realizing a common prosperity are the requirements of socialism. The nature of sharing development is inclusive, fair and benefi￣cial. It further clarifies the keynotes of the rela￣tionship between development and the people, and re-emphasizes that improving the benefits of the people, promoting the people’s development in all-round ways are starting points and goals of de￣velopment. Poverty alleviation is the key in sharing development in the ethnic areas. The Central Pov￣erty Alleviation and Development Work Conference proposed that “ the goal of poverty alleviation dur￣ing ‘the 13 th Five-Year Plan’ is to win the battle against poverty, which includes ensuring food, clothing, compulsory education, basic medical service and housing security for the poor by 2020.” Furthermore,“precise poverty alleviation”is the basic strategy for fulfilling this goal. The foundation of “precise poverty alleviation” is to i￣dentify poverty precisely, and to judge whether it belongs to income poverty or poverty by chance. Speaking from policy choice, we need to strength￣en the self-development capability of poor popu￣lations; speaking from project choice, we should evaluate whether it is pro -poor or pro -growth;speaking from industrial development, we should consider both the market choice and governmental support;and, speaking from spacial layout, a con￣cept of sharing in development should be realized within centralized equalization.