对重庆高校研究生课程建设相关问题的调查

课程学习在研究生培养中处于基础地位,通过在重庆市培养研究生的高校就研究生课程学习的重要性、在研究生培养中的地位、课程设置、课程教学或学习、课程建设等相关问题进行开放式问卷调查,就调查的结果分析得出的基本结论进行总结并提出相关建议。     

网络文学对主流意识形态的消解

网络文学的悄然兴起,给传统文学所形成的主流意识形态带来新的挑战。游戏性消解“主旋律”,全民写作嘲笑“把关人”,语言狂欢戏说文学功能,“超文本化”突破传统观念等,是网络文学消解主流意识形态的具体表现。要重构网络文学的意识形态,需要树立“寓教于乐”意识,提高写作水平,关注现实生活,同时还要积极实现网络文学的纸面化。     

1990年之后东京大城市圈的空间重构

本文探讨了1990年以来东京大城市圈空间扩展与变迁以及全球化对东京的影响。全球化对城市空间的重构有很大影响,经济全球化背景下,资本流动、劳动力转移、产业结构变化等因素是影响城市空间重构的主要要素。因此,需要从全球化的视角审视城市发展。     

我国民事再审程序之重构——以权力、权利的冲突与衡平为视角

民事再审程序一直是我国民事诉讼理论界和实务界争论的热点问题。我国的再审程序应该重构其指导思想,取消人民法院的启动再审权,建立以当事人申请再审为主、人民检察院抗诉为辅的再审程序启动方式,并将民事诉讼法中关于再审事由的原则性规定加以明确与细化,以增强其可操作性。     

当前我国社会信仰危机及重建之路

随着改革开放带来的社会巨大转型,我国社会出现了信仰危机,具体表现为价值迷惘、道德失范、理想幻灭以及封建迷信卷土重来和各类宗教、半宗教的乘虚而入。针对社会信仰危机产生的原因,信仰的重建必须营造良好的社会环境,并在坚持马克思主义信仰主导地位的同时,兼容其他有益的社会信仰,最终促进社会主义和谐社会的建设。     

英汉科技翻译中主位推进模式的重构

主位推进模式在篇章的生产和理解过程中起着极其重要的作用。通过比较英汉科技语篇在主位推进模式上的共性与个性,探讨于建平提出的科技语篇中五种常见的主位推进模式在英汉科技翻译过程中的重构。     

行政复议法律秩序重构

仅从补漏的角度提出完善行政复议制度的建议并不能使行政复议制度走出困境,使之走出困境的出路在于必须从整体上考虑对整个行政复议秩序进行重构。行政复议法律秩序重构的基本思路:目的上必须着眼于建立以行政救济、权利保障为核心的制度体系;主体上必须着眼于实现在行政组织内部的独立;程序上必须着眼于实现资源整合基础上的多样化;监督上必须着眼于实现内部和外部监督的结合。以此基本思路从组织、管辖、程序、监督及救济方面提出了相应的具体构想。     

论中国传统文化中的自我意识

文章从语言学和社会学基础知识入手,论述了中国传统文化中自我意识的缺失和不健全,指出中国传统文化中的自我意识一直依附于族类意识而存在,形成群体本位的民族文化心理结构。认为在当前的现代化建设进程中,在积极发展自我意识的同时,还要防止其异化。     

黄土高原退化生态系统的恢复重建方略

综观黄土高原植被恢复重建历史，最为流行的观点当属“以古证今”和“以山证原”两种观点。而事实情况是，古代山地的植被分布，只能提供一些植物恢复重建可咨借鉴的旁证资料。对于黄土高原退化生态系统，其植被建设只能立足于现实生态环境条件，适地适树（草）适法，方能有效恢复和重建植被，以发挥其多方面的生态经济功能。植被恢复重建在不同类型区有不同模式，总体应由东南部的以乔灌为主，向西北部的以灌草为主逐步过渡。植被恢复重建目标应是建立与现实生态环境最为适应的人工植被类型。植被恢复、植被重建和植被保护3个方面相辅相成，是黄土高原地区植被建设不可分割的3条主要途径。     

Exposure Reconstruction for the TCDD-Exposed NIOSH Cohort Using a Concentration- and Age-Dependent Model of Elimination

Recent studies demonstrating a concentration dependence of elimination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) suggest that previous estimates of exposure for occupationally exposed cohorts may have underestimated actual exposure, resulting in a potential overestimate of the carcinogenic potency of TCDD in humans based on the mortality data for these cohorts. Using a database on U.S. chemical manufacturing workers potentially exposed to TCDD compiled by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), we evaluated the impact of using a concentration- and age-dependent elimination model (CADM) (Aylward et al., 2005) on estimates of serum lipid area under the curve (AUC) for the NIOSH cohort. These data were used previously by Steenland et al. (2001) in combination with a first-order elimination model with an 8.7-year half-life to estimate cumulative serum lipid concentration (equivalent to AUC) for these workers for use in cancer dose-response assessment. Serum lipid TCDD measurements taken in 1988 for a subset of the cohort were combined with the NIOSH job exposure matrix and work histories to estimate dose rates per unit of exposure score. We evaluated the effect of choices in regression model (regression on untransformed vs. ln-transformed data and inclusion of a nonzero regression intercept) as well as the impact of choices of elimination models and parameters on estimated AUCs for the cohort. Central estimates for dose rate parameters derived from the serum-sampled subcohort were applied with the elimination models to time-specific exposure scores for the entire cohort to generate AUC estimates for all cohort members. Use of the CADM resulted in improved model fits to the serum sampling data compared to the first-order models. Dose rates varied by a factor of 50 among different combinations of elimination model, parameter sets, and regression models. Use of a CADM results in increases of up to five-fold in AUC estimates for the more highly exposed members of the cohort compared to estimates obtained using the first-order model with 8.7-year half-life. This degree of variation in the AUC estimates for this cohort would affect substantially the cancer potency estimates derived from the mortality data from this cohort. Such variability and uncertainty in the reconstructed serum lipid AUC estimates for this cohort, depending on elimination model, parameter set, and regression model, have not been described previously and are critical components in evaluating the dose-response data from the occupationally exposed populations.