浅析跨文化交流中的定型

定型是一个复杂的社会现象,它影响着人们生活的诸多方面,尤其对跨文化交流的影响不可忽略。文章从定型的基本概念入手,对定型的特征、作用及其在全球化背景下的发展进行了分析。     

重大公共威胁情境下个体亲社会行为形成机制———以新冠疫情为例

现有研究对于威胁情境和个体亲社会行为的关系并未达成共识.对于两者之间的关系,本研究以新冠肺炎疫情为具体研究情境,从威胁情境的时间和类型两个角度填补了以往研究的空白,以内群体认同和关注他人为中介机制,提出重大公共威胁情境下影响个体捐赠意愿的双路径形成机制和相关调节变量.本文的研究表明,对于新冠疫情这种捐赠方和受助方同时面对的公共威胁情境:1)潜在捐助者所在地的疫情严重程度对其捐赠意愿的影响没有显著差异.2)群体认同和关注他人具有相反的中介作用,其掩盖了潜在捐助者所在地的疫情严重程度对其捐赠意愿的影响;本地疫情严重程度一方面会增强个体的内群体认同继而正向影响捐赠意愿,另一方面会使个体减少关注他人继而减弱其捐赠意愿.3)威胁情境影响过程中,区域文化取向调节了内群体认同的正向中介作用和关注他人的负向中介作用.具体而言,相较于偏个体主义,当区域文化取向为偏集体主义时,本地疫情严重程度对于内群体认同的正向影响能够增强,对于关注他人的负向影响能够减弱.     

Rethinking integration and identity: Chinese migrants in the Republic of Ireland

Using historical narratives and a qualitative research approach, this paper analyses the social, cultural and cognitive causes of differentiation and stratification among Chinese migrants in the Republic of Ireland. It discusses individuals’ diversified capabilities, attitudes and actual levels of integration, as well as their disparate patterns of self-identification. In the research area of Chinese migrants in Ireland, in-group diversity and its implications is still a novel research topic. With this introductory work, the authors seek to draw more attention to this particular group, especially to the need for studies of encounters between subgroups and longitudinal investigations. The paper points out that subgroups of Chinese migrants in Ireland are divided according to social classification and self-categorisation, which have distinct significances for subgroup members’ integration and identity.     

With the silence of a thousand cries: extremes of autistic advocacy

In the past year, I have observed a growing trend toward extremes of autistic civil rights advocacy, at least partially characterized by disdain for scientific research and knowledge alongside a preference for lived experiences. This concerns me, an individual on the autism spectrum and someone who desires to help autistic individuals through the psychological study of autism. Hence my intent here: to discuss and bring attention to this situation. In so doing, I hope to create civil and respectful dialogue on the subject. I will conclude by discussing implications and potential actions which might bring about positive outcomes.     

略论圈子文化的弊端

霍夫斯泰德的跨文化交际理论,集中探讨了圈子文化弊端一是其非原则性,二是圈子间的排他性,三是圈子中的非和谐性.圈子文化实质上是一种极端自私的文化,它对文化生态造成了极大的破坏.     

The dependence upon context of project critical success factors: test of the contingency hypothesis and effects of technological uncertainty and collectivism culture

Abstract

Although the relationship between critical success factors (CSFs) and project performance is established, evidence regarding the dependence on the context of CSFs is patchy. To advance this field, we conduct two complementary studies. Study 1 examines contingency theory regarding managerial CSFs using survey responses (N?=?211) of project management professionals from the United Kingdom. Using survey data from projects (N?=?336) in the United Kingdom, Study 2 examines the contextual dependence of managerial CSFs in a moderated-moderation, theoretical framework whereby project technological uncertainty moderates the relationship between managerial CSFs and project execution and efficiency, and in-group collectivism culture of the executing organisation moderates the effect of technological uncertainty. Results confirm that external and internal contexts influence managerial CSFs. Managerial CSFs have a greater than expected influence on project execution and efficiency. The positive effect of managerial CSFs is weaker when technological uncertainty is high. When technological uncertainty is high, the effect of managerial CSFs strengthens as levels of in-group collectivism culture increase. However, when technological uncertainty is low, the effect of managerial CSFs weakens as levels of in-group collectivism culture increase. We discuss the managerial and theoretical implications.     

中华民族内群体跨文化传播研究中的边界问题

自从跨文化传播学进入中国以来，此领域的绝大多数研究以中（东）西方为跨文化背景。相形之下，在跨文化之"跨"这一文化边界设定上的刻板与混乱，更突显在以中华民族内群体为对象的研究当中。将此情形纳入国内跨文化传播研究的学术传统里检视可见，其中总体呈现的一种"扶弱"逻辑更加固化了人们对中华民族内部"跨文化"维度的认知成见。至于厘清跨文化传播研究中的文化边界，本质上是一个关于如何重新审视"他者"，以及对其进行他者化处理的问题。而操作层面的关键则在于重置界定跨文化关系的视角，也即是从基于常识性的认定，转向从实际调查和研究问题出发，从面向过程进入面向对象。