文学理论的技术化困境及其解决途径

文学作品是作家创造的存在物 ,它的最外层载体是语言 ,从语言是一种物质存在的角度来说 ,文学作品具有一定的“物性”。但是 ,“物性”不是它的本质 ,文学作品归根结底与精神相关 ,所以 ,以对待“物”的态度来对待文学作品是行不通的 ,过度的抽象分析甚至总结出模式和规则 ,是有悖精神原则和文学本性的。因此 ,如果作品存在方式理论走向机械的技术化分析 ,就必然陷入困境。中国传统文论为走出这种困境提供了诸多启示     

《企业的性质》与企业的性质

《企业的性质》被公认为制度经济学的开山之作,它将交易费用纳入了经济分析框架,使整个西方微观经济理论发生深刻的变化。但由于科斯本人对自己理论的含混表述,往往使人误读他所要阐述的观点。通过理解科斯写作此文的本意,可以澄清人们对这篇文章的误解,并对现实中企业的性质做一概括。     

Estimating a covariance function having an un unknown scale kakameter

The structure of a family ρ of measures corresponding to a zero-mean Gaussian process with covariance αR(s,t) is discussed. When R itself is known (R and T completely arbitrary), it is shown that ρ is either homogeneous or composed of singular measures, depending on whether the reproducing kernel Hilbert space H(R,T) is finite- or infinite-dimensional. For the case dim H < ∞ the MLE α is given; when dim H = ∞ an almost sure discriminator is constructed. More generally, it is shown that when R itself depends upon a parameter θ (not necessarily a scalar) and certain broad assumptions are met, one may describe the orthogonal decomposition of P and estimate both a and θ.     

GERMAN BY VIRTUE OF OTHERS: THE SEARCH FOR IDENTITY IN THREE DEBATES

This paper argues that German identity is primarily constructed in opposition to a negative ‘other’, with ‘the Jew’ as prototypical other. The general trajectory of German identity construction throughout the 1980s and 1990s was towards the normalization of German identity, a mending in response to the radical break in German history by the Nazi regime and the Holocaust. This development will be traced through three debates that crosscut the realms of professional scholarship and the public – the Historians' Debate of 1985/86, the German unification debate of 1989 and the Goldhagen debate of 1996 – with focus on the contributions by professional scholars. The basic dichotomous structure of self-other is complicated by recurring themes in the construction of contemporary German identity. Three central themes or problems are identified in the debates: efforts at exclusively positive definitions of German identity, the definition of German identity in relation to a negative other and the location of the Holocaust in German history. The focus in the interpretation of these themes is on the subtle changes of identity over time, conceptualized in terms of repetition with change. The essay closes with a plea for a more open and inclusive definition of German identity and some thoughts on the role of the public intellectual in German society.     

论沈括的"天人相分"思想

在北宋,"天人相分"以它独有的方式推动着科学技术的发展和进步。沈括顺应历史的发展潮流,及时地将"天人相分"思想贯彻到他的科技实践活动中,大胆实验,勇于创新,遂成为"中国科技史上最卓越的人物"。因此,认真挖掘沈括"天人相分"思想的深刻内涵,对于进一步研究和总结北宋科技发展的内因与动力,不无实际的价值和意义。     

后缀/+ki/及其它

从语言学界对现代维吾尔语中/+ki/、/+ca/、+dak/等后缀的描写的比较出发,对这些后缀的功能进行了分析,并论证后缀的"二分法"不适于维吾尔语乃至突厥语族诸语言的结构特征。     

马克思恩格斯城市思想探讨

马克思主义理论的发展与城市发展有密切联系;马克思和恩格斯对资本主义工业化时期城市的历史地位、城乡对立和城市阶级矛盾所作的论述和总结,为理解城市进程提供了重要的理论工具。从城市视角认识现代资本主义生产方式和社会关系具有特殊的意义,对马克思主义经典作者有关城市问题的丰富论述,应当予以总结和发展。     

开启一种本源性的诗思关系——论早期尼采的悲剧文化观

早期尼采对希腊悲剧时代的文化状态作了大量的讨论.与通常关于前苏格拉底时期"哲学与诗歌"之争的解释不同,尼采关注的是希腊"悲剧艺术"和"悲剧哲学"的特性,意在探索一种本源性的艺术-哲学、诗-思关系,从而为"知识冲动"失去控制的现代文化寻找一个救治方案.