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1.
In care-physical activity (care-PA) initiatives, primary care and sports are combined to stimulate PA among adults at risk of lifestyle related diseases. Preliminary results from Dutch care-PA initiatives for adults with a low socioeconomic status (SES) indicate a decrease in participants’ body weight and an improved quality of life, however, the elements that make these initiatives successful are yet to be identified. In total, 19 Dutch health promotion experts participated in our concept mapping (CM) of the effective elements of care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES. The experts identified 111 effective elements of these initiatives, which were grouped into 11 clusters, focusing on: 1) approaching participants within the care-PA initiative, 2) barriers experienced throughout the initiative, 3) long-term implementation, 4) customizing the care-PA initiative to the target population, 5) social support, 6) structure and guidance, 7) the professionals within the care-PA initiative, 8) the accessibility of the care-PA initiative, 9) targeted behaviour and progression, 10) recruitment and administration, and 11) intersectoral collaboration. CM was useful for creating a valuable overview of these effective elements. Our results could be used to improve the development and implementation of future care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES.  相似文献   
2.
Scientology’s public relations function is based on research and writing by L. Ron Hubbard, who studied public relations and drafted documents directing Church communication strategies. Hubbard annotated the textbook Effective Public Relations, which was reprinted for Church practitioners. Textual analysis shows Hubbard was particularly interested in redefining key concepts, emphasizing interpersonal communication strategies, and selectively adopting media relations strategies. The findings suggest that he used the annotations to appropriate the text and position himself as a communications expert. Evidence suggests Church communication practitioners continue to follow Hubbard’s recommendations.  相似文献   
3.
刘云霞等 《统计研究》2021,38(12):77-88
本文对以往我国全要素生产率测度中存在的问题做了较为系统的分析,试图总结一套科学且具有可操作性的测度方法。本文在区分实际资本存量和有效资本存量的基础上,根据我国资本存量估算数据,采用一阶差分对数模型和有关经济计量学方法,估计资本与劳动的产出弹性,避免了可能出现的“伪回归”“序列相关”“多重共线性”和“异方差”等问题,从而保证所测度的产出弹性估计值既符合经济理论分析又能通过经济计量学检验。本文还阐述了全要素生产率与广义技术进步这两个指标 的联系与区别,并通过实证分析揭示了不同时期两项指标产生差异的原因。实证分析结果表明,改革开放以来全要素生产率提高对促进我国经济增长发挥了重要作用。  相似文献   
4.
Decades of questionnaire and interview studies have revealed various leadership behaviors observed in successful leaders. However, little is known about the actual behaviors that cause those observations. Given that lay observers are prone to cognitive biases, such as the halo effect, the validity of theories that are exclusively based on observed behaviors is questionable. We thus follow the call of leading scientists in the field and derive a parsimonious model of leadership behavior that is informed by established psychological theories. Building on the taxonomy of Yukl (2012), we propose three task-oriented behavior categories (enhancing understanding, strengthening motivation and facilitating implementation) and three relation-oriented behavior categories (fostering coordination, promoting cooperation and activating resources), each of which is further specified by a number of distinct behaviors. While the task-oriented behaviors are directed towards the accomplishment of shared objectives, the relation-oriented behaviors support this process by increasing the coordinated engagement of the team members. Our model contributes to the advancement of leadership behavior theory by (1) consolidating current taxonomies, (2) sharpening behavioral concepts of leadership behavior, (3) specifying precise relationships between those categories and (4) spurring new hypotheses that can be derived from existing findings in the field of psychology. To test our model as well as the hypotheses derived from this model, we advocate the development of new measurements that overcome the limitations associated with questionnaire and interview studies.  相似文献   
5.
Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect the field reliability of a product. This makes the field reliability generally different from the inherent reliability. It is desired that a field reliability model can provide the information about the inherent reliability and quantify the effects of main extrinsic factors on reliability. This article presents three such life distribution models that can quantitatively reflect the effect of tests, transport and storage process, or/and operating variability on reliability. A real-world example is included to illustrate the appropriateness and usefulness of these models. The significance and interpretation of the felid reliability model are also discussed.  相似文献   
6.
常晓素  何辉 《统计研究》2012,29(1):80-86
 本文根据我国城市(镇)不同收入阶层1999年至2008年的支出结构数据及现金收入和支出统计状况,测算出我国城镇居民消费支出的有效税率②和所得税额;利用跨期消费决策的两期模型,构造居民消费效用函数,即消费者的福利函数,测算出我国流转税和所得税的福利损失(成本)。结果显示:我国居民消费符合边际消费倾向递减规律;不同收入阶层的消费时间偏好不同,收入水平越低越倾向于当前消费;流转税具有明显的累退效应,而所得税的累进效应,特别是个人所得税的累进效应不明显,使得我国当前的税制结构对收入分配的调节力度不够。  相似文献   
7.
后农业税时代,我国乡镇政府改革势在必行。不过,改革究竟走向何方,学界分歧颇大,大致提出了乡镇政府改革的两种思路:“强化论”和“取消论”。但当前我国乡镇政府改革的“强化论”扣“取消论”都没有实践根基,可行的路径应该是立足于现实困境分析,渐进式地构建有效供给农村基本公共品的服务型乡镇政府。  相似文献   
8.
新疆民考民大学生英语自主学习情况调查分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
文章通过摸底实验、问卷调查和访谈形式,对少数民族大学生的英语自主学习情况和思想动态做了一次全面调查。发现民考民大学生的英语自主学习情况不尽人意。民考民大学生在进行英语自主学习时,对老师能给予合适的帮助的期望值较高。认为民考民大学生的英语自主学习效果与教师的有效教学和指导紧密相关,自主学习应是教师与学生共同操作和完成的过程,是一个合作体,离开教师的有效教学和指导的自主学习只会使教与学步入困境,导致无效学习。  相似文献   
9.
论高职院校校园文化对企业文化精华的有效吸纳   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
高职院校必须充分认识高职校园文化对企业文化精华的有效吸纳的重要性和紧迫性,应不断创新有效吸纳的对策。  相似文献   
10.
社会工作是中国一个新兴的专业,中国社会工作教育的现状和社会工作专业本身的特点为社会工作专业开展双语教学提供了平台,同时开展社会工作双语教学是必要性、可行的。南京人口管理干部学院社会工作系开展社会工作双语教学的十年来的实践说明开展社会工作专业双语教学也是行之有效的。  相似文献   
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