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1.
关系主义范式的转向是当代人类学民族志研究的新视角,是从本体论与认识论出发,侧重于对本质论、实在论和实证主义的反思,克服主体/客体、本质/现象简单二元划分以及静态式结构分析的弊端。首先分析本质论、结构主义与二元论的视野盲点,然后分别从世界、社会、文化的三重维度来阐释民族志中关系主义研究的重要性,最后总结出:跨界、多元、复数与混合是当下世界的现实。关系民族志是全球化时代的产物,也是世界体系下研究复杂社会与文化越来越重要的方法。我们应提倡一种动态的、情景的、关联性的整体观,迈向多元、关联与合作,实现民族志新的知识生产。  相似文献   
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与绝大多数禁毒防艾组织一样,云南省西双版纳州景洪市的佛光之家10年来从事了禁毒防艾的预防宣传、行为干预、医疗救助、社区培训和关怀救助等工作,在宗教界、新闻界及公益组织等多个领域内享有极好声誉。借用人类学空间理论,我们认为佛光之家的成功之处在于它立足西双版纳的地理空间,依托南传佛教的文化空间且切入政府公共管理的制度空间构建了自己的社会空间。通过对佛光之家空间实践的民族志研究,以期对南传佛教文化区的禁毒防艾工作起到借鉴与示范作用。  相似文献   
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Monitoring and evaluating international peacebuilding efforts have become more sophisticated over the past years, but still relies on managerial approaches that often do not capture the complexity of war, peace and the grey areas in between. The article argues that organizations should embrace qualitative approaches more widely and introduces ethnographic vignettes as one example to explain the complexity of post-conflict situations. By understanding the personal dimension, the life- and work-styles of international peacebuilders, the current evaluation discourse can become more meaningful-both for organizational learning and sustainable peace efforts on the ground. The article ends by highlighting some approaches that deserve more attention and that promise to help to critically enhance current and future debates about the evaluation of peacebuilding.  相似文献   
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Israeli culturalism, like Israeli identity at large, is premised on a two-pronged negation-that of the Jewish diaspora and that of the Arab East. Its emergence was assisted, directly or indirectly, by academic anthropology. The formative cohort of Israeli anthropology, mainly male researchers who came of academic age in the 1960s and 1970s, displayed stronger preoccupation with the Palestinian citizens of Israel than is normally recognized. This preoccupation, and the marginal status of Palestinians as a minority trapped within the ethno-territorial Jewish project, render the relationship between anthropological knowledge, Israeli statehood and constructions of Israeli identity particularly suggestive. The combination of these elements, so deeply integrated into Israeli public discourse, resurfaces in a grotesque, exaggerated form, as Israelis grapple to make sense of the Palestinian Intifada of 2000-2001 and of Wahabist inspired terrorism and America's 'War Against Terror' further a field.  相似文献   
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Children contribute substantially to the workforce needed to produce tobacco in Indonesia. Drawing on 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork, I discuss the reasons behind children's economic involvement in tobacco cultivation in the eastern region of the island of Lombok in eastern Indonesia. I explore children's paid work in the plantations by looking at the three dimensions of their economic lives: the local economy, their households and their individual lives. I address the tension between children's agency and the systems that constrain it.  相似文献   
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道路作为人为的物质形态,因附加了人的社会性而使其社会与文化内涵丰富。同样,当前的筑路狂潮与人文视角下的道路研究稀缺之间的现实矛盾决定了道路研究的必要性和可能性。因此,在既有研究基础上尝试构建起道路民族志的研究框架,以黔滇驿道为例,探索其在特定时空条件下对贵州社会文化及民族关系格局的影响,进而探讨国家在不同时期如何以其为载体策略性地获取统治正当性的过程。另外,思想的启蒙与发展主义的助推是当前造路运动出现的核心动力因素之一,而随之伴随的道路隐喻及现代性危险和不确定性特征在此过程中有所凸显,本文也借此对当前近乎神圣化的泛发展观进行一些梳理与反思。  相似文献   
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民族学实地调查法是民族学研究的基础,是民族学研究最主要方法,是民族学家获取资料最基本的途径。本文以著名社会学、民族学家费孝通的《江村经济》一书为例,来阐述民族学实地调查法在民族学学科发展中的重要性。  相似文献   
9.
The ability of organizational members to identify and analyse stakeholder opinion is critical to the management of corporate reputation. In spite of the significance of these abilities to corporate reputation management, there has been little effort to document and describe internal organizational influences on such capacities. This ethnographic study conducted in Red Cross Queensland explores how cultural knowledge structures derived from shared values and assumptions among organizational members influence their conceptualisations of organizational reputation. Specifically, this study explores how a central attribute of organizational culture – the property of cultural selection – influences perceptions of organizational reputation held by organizational members. We argue that these perceptions are the result of collective processes that synthesise (with varying degrees of consensus) member conceptualisations, interpretations, and representations of environmental realities in which their organization operates. Findings and implications for organizational action suggest that while external indicators of organizational reputation are acknowledged by members as significant, the internal influence of organizational culture is a far stronger influence on organizational action.  相似文献   
10.
"民族志(亦称民俗学)"是人类学研究的重要手段。"灾害民族志"是将"民族志"用于减灾防灾研究的大胆尝试。它通过对选定的灾害经历者进行田野采访,收集大量个人采访资料并进行整理。通过灾害经历者自己的表述来了解和重现灾害发生和发展的过程以及人们面对灾害的反应,从中总结出规律和重要经验教训,对灾害应对和应急管理人才培训很有意义。我国在这方面研究较为薄弱,应以汶川地震救灾减灾为契机,尽早开展巨灾灾害民族志研究。  相似文献   
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