In search of African history: the re-appropriation of photographic archives by contemporary visual artists

The digital revolution has fundamentally changed our relationship to archives, by accelerating their “dusting off” and their re-appropriation, particularly in the art world. This article will show the ways in which some contemporary visual artists use new digital technologies to provide new ways of storing, reading and retrieving contemporary African history. Such artists do so by revisiting diverse forms of archives that are mainly photographic, and which were produced during the colonial and independence eras.     

Capturing the broader picture of value co-creation management

The interactional, interdependent, and dynamic nature of value co-creation has made value management in business relationships a particularly challenging issue for both academicians and practitioners. In addition, studies on this topic have mostly focused on managing value co-creation in isolation from the wider relational context without completely capturing the influence of other value processes on value co-creation. This paper examines the broader picture of value co-creation management by providing a model based on interlinked value processes, namely, value communication, value appropriation, value measurement, and value representation. We adopted a qualitative approach based on 86 interviews with managers of both customer and supplier companies, which operated in different industries. Results showed that the management of value co-creation implies considering complex patterns of interconnections with other value processes. In particular, the study will shed light on the centrality of value appropriation to co-create value and on the importance of value representation to coordinate ideas and enable future co-creation opportunities.     

积极政府视角下加强和创新基层社会治理的有效路径

加强和创新基层社会治理是推进社会建设的重要任务。基于积极政府的理论视角,从行动边界、行动特征、与其他治理主体关系、行动目标四个方面对公共部门在基层社会治理中的角色定位展开探讨;从力量吸纳度和行动主动性两个维度出发,将政府在加强和创新基层社会治理中的角色划分为“积极政府”“灭火式政府”“消极政府”和“无力型政府”。通过分析集中整治侵占农村集体资产的案例发现,相关政府行为具有典型的积极政府特征。积极政府是对政府边界问题的良好回应。加强和创新基层社会治理需发挥政府的积极作用;预判治理风险、吸纳治理资源、精细治理策略是其有效实践路径,三者均是积极的政府行为,互为支撑,相互作用,共同构成治理的良性循环;实践中,要坚持源头治理、动员多元主体参与,借助信息化手段,逐步迈向高效能治理。     

RIDICULING THE ‘WHITE BREAD ORIGINAL’

The 1994 US Supreme Court decision in Luther Campbell et al. v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., written by Justice David Souter, reversed a lower court decision and argued in favor of the rap group 2 Live Crew's playful critique of Roy Orbison's ‘Oh Pretty Woman’ by its function as parody. This essay seeks to contextualize that decision by showing the roots of 2 Live Crew's recording in the practice of ‘covering’ – the re-recording of an existent popular composition – and thus the possibilities for redefining authorship that arose with the advent of digital technology. The compositional techniques allowed by computer programs led to the proliferation of sampling in the hip-hop community, thereby liberating sounds from the original content and reconfiguring them in new songs. The technique allowed a critical, and in some cases adversarial, stance to be taken towards long-standing Western definitions of authorship and ownership. 2 Live Crew added to this rich stew of possibilities the familiar and time-tested genre of parody. Their piece took what one judge referred to as the ‘white bread original’ of the Roy Orbison record and twisted about the implicit point of view with regard to gender and sexuality. Discussion of the legal complications that followed upon the suing of the group by the holder of the copyright in the Orbison song, Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., includes the apparently sanctioned use of the song in the Disney-produced film Pretty Woman as well as the use of other Orbison material in director David Lynch's Blue Velvet. The essay concludes with suggestions as to how the language of Justice Souter's decision allows not only for future parodies but also a reinvigoration of speech, one which calls into question power relationships codified in US copyright statutes.     

Transforming Politics: Power and Resistance

Masked activists, self-identifying as anarchists, taking from supermarkets and handing goods to passers-by are the topic of this profile. Over 50 such acts have occurred across Greece since the onset of the financial, political and social crisis in 2008. We present a snapshot of the phenomenon of collective expropriation and position it within a context of further market-oriented forms of resistance to ‘austerity politics’.     

Strange bedfellows: Appropriations of a tainted urban dialect1

Teenagers often appropriate dialect features they find attractive. This paper argues that unattractive dialect features can also become a target for teenage constructions of linguistic style. Based on an ethnographic case study at a multi‐ethnic school in Antwerp, Belgium, it is shown that Antwerp dialect for non‐white students conjured up angry white and/or racist voices, and that it was frequently stylised as a way of speaking associated with others. At the same time, however, these students produced stylisations that were in synchrony with their own voice and self‐presentation when they recruited Antwerp dialect features to underline assertiveness and to distance themselves from recent, linguistically incompetent, arrivals. It is argued that Antwerp dialect's tainted connotations were outweighed by its value as a tool for shaping a working‐class, non‐immigrant identity. Tieners eigenen zich vaak dialectkenmerken toe die ze aantrekkelijk vinden. Dit artikel toont aan hoe ook onaantrekkelijke dialectkenmerken het doelwit kunnen vormen voor tieners wanneer ze hun talige stijl construeren. Gebaseerd op etnografisch veldwerk op een multi‐etnische secundaire school in Antwerpen, België, zal aangetoond worden dat voor niet‐blanke studenten het Antwerps dialect de stem opriep van boze blanken en/of racisten, en dat het regelmatig gestileerd werd als een manier van spreken die met anderen werd geassocieerd. Tegelijkertijd produceerden deze studenten echter stileringen die veeleer in harmonie waren met hun eigen stem en zelfpresentatie wanneer ze Antwerpse dialectkenmerken rekruteerden om assertiviteit te onderstrepen en zich te distantiëren van talig incompetente nieuwkomers. Er zal worden betoogd dat de gekleurde connotaties van het Antwerps dialect werden tenietgedaan vanwege z’n grote bruikbaarheid in de constructie van een uit Antwerpen afkomstige arbeidersidentiteit. [Dutch]     

我国高校办学经费不足的原因及对策探讨

本文浅议在市场经济条件下,我国高等教育在蓬勃发展的同时,高等学校办学经费所面临的主要问题,并通过分析提出解决这些问题的办法。     

海德格尔关于期备的经验

降临经验与海德格尔前期思想有着关联,但这两者不是同一的,因而就不能简单地提出它们能否恰当楔接的问题。朝向信仰的决心和对降临的期备只是有助于领悟有关生存状态实事的一种指引。生存分析的期备思想主要是着眼于生存状态并通过它的展开而隐蔽指向本有之思的,它还没有直接去思考存在本身。后期海德格尔则明确把期备看成是朝向本有之思的开端,是在思考本有时把本有先行收入眼帘的预备性步骤。它源始地归属于存在本身之无蔽。     

先秦“命”义浅析

试图通过字形、字义分析和思想史的追踪,阐述“命”的原始意义,并由此出发梳理其在先秦时代的引申和流变,展示其丰富的思想史意义,阐明其所担当的政治正当性意涵及其所蕴涵的个体伦理使命。     

“We are the land:” An analysis of cultural appropriation and moral outrage in response to Christian Dior’s Sauvage scandal

By analyzing the online social construction of Christian Dior’s 2019 Sauvage ad, the present study contributes to the literature on public relations and diversity from the perspective of cultural appropriation, a research line that has remained unexplored. The study builds on Coombs and Tachkova’s (2018) recommendation for a theoretical and practical delineation between crises related to products, services and operations, and scandals (crises that spur moral outrage). The results reveal that the online users’ perceptions of cultural appropriation require communicative approaches that differ from previously employed crisis communication practices. A primary and secondary type of moral outrage were found to thrive in the aftermath of the scandal. The foundation of the primary moral outrage constituted perceived injustice, exploitation, and controllability, as users attributed a high level of responsibility for a corporate scandal they deemed preventable. The secondary type of moral outrage revealed the users’ concern about injustice, referred to as double standards vis-à-vis the cultural appropriation of ethnic groups that had not been historically marginalized. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.