企业资本预算管理体系的构建

资本预算管理体系是规划企业资本活动的一种原则和方法步骤的系统。它的优势是可以协助企业实现股东财富最大化目标,它的缺陷是可能导致企业决策失误及资源配置不当等,甚至威胁企业的存亡。从分析国内外关于资本预算管理体系研究的缺陷入手,针对相关资本预算管理体系研究的不足,构建了新的资本预算管理体系。在这套新的体系中,加入了资本预算的基本前提、项目评估与决策系统、资本预算考评激励机制和资本预算修正机制,从理论层次解释了企业战略与资本预算之间的关系,以期对提高我国企业资本预算管理水平有借鉴意义。     

浅析企业集团的全面预算管理

全面预算作为一种管理手段被广泛应用于企业管理中 ,尤其是企业集团 ,导入全面预算管理更具现实意义 ,同时也是企业集团以现代企业制度为标准加强科学管理的标志。本文试探讨企业集团推行全面预算管理的组织体系、预算内容和预算流程等方面的理论问题     

美英日三国公共财政法律体系及其特点

市场经济发达国家公共财政框架的一个突出特点就是它的法制基础十分完善。尽管各个国家的政治、社会、经济、文化、历史等方面存在着差异,但其共同点是整个公共财政管理框架建立在坚实的法律基础之上,政府财政收支活动的每一个环节都做到了有法可依。了解美国、英国和日本等典型国家财政法制建设的经验,对于研究构筑我国公共财政法律体系框架的思路,无疑是十分有益的。     

Poverty and social trends in Russia

The article describes the socioeconomic situation of the Russian population and its dynamics in 1992. The analysis is based on series of regional sociological surveys led by the All-Russian Living Standards Research Center and on official Russian statistical data. The basic unit of analysis is the family, and hence family typology approbated both in research and in practical social work is introduced. Besides describing and discussing the growing poverty tendencies in contemporary Russia, the article also contains methodological recommendations for social policy bodies and social workers on the strategy of work in social maintenance and social support of the least secure population strata.     

浅谈油田企业全面预算管理的若干问题与对策

全面预算管理作为企业战略实施和管理控制的主要手段,已在油田企业普遍实施,但由于各个企业理解的片面性以及处理实务的经验不足等原因,仍对全面预算管理不同程度地存在着一些误区和问题,需要加以研究和解决,以确保全面预算管理能充分发挥其应有的职能和功效。     

非对称情况下的多物品拍卖

本文讨论当投标人之间存在不同的预算约束时两物品的序贯增价拍卖,对于物品之间不同的关系(互补、替代或者不相干的关系),物品价值大小的不同及与预算大小之间的关系,在一个简单的完全信息模型下,我们分不同情况讨论投标人的均衡出价策略,并发现对卖方来说,先拍卖价值高的物品是弱占优的策略。     

因子模型在风险预算分析中的应用

风险预算在国外正赢得学术界、养老基金和资产管理领域等许多方面的广泛关注,并认为是组合管理的一种创新。国内投资者日益认识到投资组合管理与风险控制的重要意义,并近乎成为他们的第一要务。本文利用因子模型,通过风险预算这一投资管理和风险控制技术与方法,讨论投资组合因子风险分解并进行实证分析。     

正常商品的替代效应与收入效应研究

目前,国内外的微观经济学教科书中,关于正常商品的替代效应和收入效应的图形说明很不一致。主要是关于正常商品降价后新的预算线上的均衡点和原始预算线上的均衡点的位置不同。为此,在给定消费者效用函数和预算线方程的基础上,通过对正常商品降价(涨价)后带来的总效应、替代效应以及收入效应进行数理分析,使人们达到完整准确地理解和掌握正常商品的替代效应和收入效应的目的。     

A Realistic Path to Implementing China’s Budget Law

The core issue for the implementation of modern budget law is to optimize the satisfaction of society’s demand for public goods. The form of implementation mechanism that will best achieve this goal has thus become a major topic in the field of legal research. To go beyond the Anglo-Saxon budget model and construct a realistic path for the implementation of China’s budget law, this issue needs to be explored from the perspective of Chinese citizens in a way that safeguards the fundamental interests of the people and is premised on upholding and improving the People’s Congress system, so as to achieve a balance between internal and external budget allocation relationships. There are three routes to implementing China’s budget law: the political, the social, and the judicial. Under the first, citizens’ political identity interests are represented by deputies who oversee the budgetary powers of administrative bodies through the People’s Congress. Under the second, citizens individually or collectively participate, influence or even decide the allocation of public economic resources through dialogue, negotiation, reasoning and argument with the responsible budgetary agency in the course of the budget’s compilation, examination and approval, execution and supervision. Under the third, the establishment of a system for budgetary litigation allows citizens to participate in and supervise the implementation of the budget law, individually or collectively. This provides judicial security for the law’s implementation. These three realistic implementation routes represent the dialectical unity of concerted institutional effort aimed directly at effective implementation of budget law. Judicial interpretations of budget law implementation indicate the importance and urgency of promoting national governance capacity through reform of the legal systems governing finance and taxation. This explains the significant role of finance and taxation law in national governance.     

Engendering Government Budgets in the Context of Globalization(s)

This article considers the strengths and weaknesses of attempts to 'engender' government budgets in the context of globalization, drawing on my own personal engagement in such attempts, and on the work of many gender budget initiatives (GBIs) all around the world. GBIs have sought to improve the distribution, adequacy and impact of government budgets at national, regional and local levels; and to secure greater transparency in the use of public money; and greater accountability to women as citizens. Their spread has itself been an example of globalization, in this case the globalization of action for gender justice; facilitated by e-mail, the Internet and air travel; supported by international foundations and international development cooperation funds. But, it may be argued, GBIs have begun to engage with government budgets just at the time when governments, especially in the South, have less and less control over public finance decisions, due to other aspects of globalization. This article considers whether there is any point in GBIs if economic power lies in international markets, rather than in the Ministry of Finance, and draws on examples from a wide variety of countries.