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1.
Abstract

Characterizing relations via Rényi entropy of m-generalized order statistics are considered along with examples and related stochastic orderings. Previous results for common order statistics are included.  相似文献   
2.
We discuss some analogues of the lack of memory property, the strong lack of memory property and the almost lack of memory properties for the Gompertz distribution as applications of the integrated Cauchy functional equation.  相似文献   
3.
《Risk analysis》2018,38(6):1183-1201
In assessing environmental health risks, the risk characterization step synthesizes information gathered in evaluating exposures to stressors together with dose–response relationships, characteristics of the exposed population, and external environmental conditions. This article summarizes key steps of a cumulative risk assessment (CRA) followed by a discussion of considerations for characterizing cumulative risks. Cumulative risk characterizations differ considerably from single chemical‐ or single source‐based risk characterization. CRAs typically focus on a specific population instead of a pollutant or pollutant source and should include an evaluation of all relevant sources contributing to the exposures in the population and other factors that influence dose–response relationships. Second, CRAs may include influential environmental and population‐specific conditions, involving multiple chemical and nonchemical stressors. Third, a CRA could examine multiple health effects, reflecting joint toxicity and the potential for toxicological interactions. Fourth, the complexities often necessitate simplifying methods, including judgment‐based and semi‐quantitative indices that collapse disparate data into numerical scores. Fifth, because of the higher dimensionality and potentially large number of interactions, information needed to quantify risk is typically incomplete, necessitating an uncertainty analysis. Three approaches that could be used for characterizing risks in a CRA are presented: the multiroute hazard index, stressor grouping by exposure and toxicity, and indices for screening multiple factors and conditions. Other key roles of the risk characterization in CRAs are also described, mainly the translational aspect of including a characterization summary for lay readers (in addition to the technical analysis), and placing the results in the context of the likely risk‐based decisions.  相似文献   
4.
鲁迅是乡土小说的开拓者,他的作品对乡土作家产生了深远的影响。王鲁彦作为浙东乡土作家群的代表作家,深受鲁迅的影响,他立足于浙东这块热土,从人物形象上承传了鲁迅深刻的文化批判精神,既写出了在外来资本冲击下浙东农村的生活现状,也描绘了在此环境下人物意识形态的变化,大大拓宽了乡土文学的表现范畴。  相似文献   
5.
Elasticity (or elasticity function) is a new concept that allows us to characterize the probability distribution of any random variable in the same way as characteristic functions and hazard and reverse hazard functions do. Initially defined for continuous variables, it was necessary to extend the definition of elasticity and study its properties in the case of discrete variables. A first attempt to define discrete elasticity is seen in Veres-Ferrer and Pavía (2014a). This paper develops this definition and makes a comparative study of its properties, relating them to the properties shown by discrete hazard and reverse hazard, as both defined in Chechile (2011). Similar to continuous elasticity, one of the most interesting properties of discrete elasticity focuses on the rate of change that this undergoes throughout its support. This paper centers on the study of the rate of change and develops a set of properties that allows us to carry out a detailed analysis. Finally, it addresses the calculation of the elasticity for the resulting variable obtained from discretizing a continuous random variable, distinguishing whether its domain is in real positives or negatives.  相似文献   
6.
宫泽贤治少年小说中的有关民间传说"桥"的情节模式、神秘的人物塑造、再现日本民间祭祀与民间舞蹈、歌谣的场景描写等无不体现出日本尤其是日本东北部的民间传承要素。究其渊源,主要是作者受成长环境的熏陶这一客观因素以及贤治自身敏感的天性、长期的农村实践感悟和独特的宇宙观等主观因素的影响。  相似文献   
7.
8.
New measures of skewness for real-valued random variables are proposed. The measures are based on a functional representation of real-valued random variables. Specifically, the expected value of the transformed random variable can be used to characterize the distribution of the original variable. Firstly, estimators of the proposed skewness measures are analyzed. Secondly, asymptotic tests for symmetry are developed. The tests are consistent for both discrete and continuous distributions. Bootstrap versions improving the empirical results for moderated and small samples are provided. Some simulations illustrate the performance of the tests in comparison to other methods. The results show that our procedures are competitive and have some practical advantages.  相似文献   
9.
数码产品作为承载、展示、传递数字信息的物质载体,在视觉建构上具有重视外观审美、以互动界面连接不可见的内部信息和可见的外部结构以及通过创造“虚拟环境”来引发全新的视觉体验等特性,不仅形成了视觉吸引力,而且深化着人们对数字化世界的凝视、感知与依赖.同时,作为数字化世界的物质文化符号,数码产品还表征了新电子表现主义、信息化生活方式和科技消费潮流等文化现象,传播了数字化生存方式的文化意义.在以视觉为主导形式的社会中,数码产品是一个集艺术性和技术性为一体的视觉文本.  相似文献   
10.
The paper entitled “Bivariate and Multivariate Normal Characterizations: A Brief Survey,” by Hamedani, which was published in 1992, covered the published characterizations of bivariate and multivariate normal (MVN) distributions from 1941 to 1991. The present work is a follow-up to the 1991/1992 survey which includes not only characterizations of the bivariate and MVN distributions, but also characterizations of the matrix variate normal distribution, which have appeared from 1991/1992 to the present.  相似文献   
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