开设化学设计性实验的探索与实践

阐述开设设计性实验的意义,并在实践的基础上,给出了开设化学设计性实验的方案,总结了开设设计性实验的体会。     

几种药剂对石榴“麻皮“病的防治研究

2002～2003年,在会理县彰冠乡和海潮乡,对石榴“麻皮”病进行了化学防治试验,试验结果表明:大生M-45、信生交替使用;春雨一号、达柯宁、阿米西达交替使用防效最好。     

低浓度三分子反应模型双曲型反应－扩散方程的稳定性与化学振荡

考虑浓度扩散和扩散流随时间的变化，得到低浓度三分子反应模型的双曲型反应－扩散方程；讨论了方程的稳定性及存在行波解的条件，得到了化学振荡的色散关系和相速度．     

试论日军在常德会战中使用化学武器的问题

日军在侵华战争期间,无视国际公约(法),在战场上频频使用化学武器,致使众多中国军民伤亡。大量史事证明,在1943年11月初至12月底的中日常德会战中,由于日本华中派遣军在作战中多次实施毒气(弹)攻击,致使中国第六、第九战区的参战部队伤亡惨重。此战中“日军使用毒气次数之多,为抗战以来所仅见”。     

Intuitive Toxicology: Expert and Lay Judgments of Chemical Risks

Human beings have always been intuitive toxicologists, relying on their senses of sight, taste, and smell to detect harmful or unsafe food, water, and air. As we have come to recognize that our senses are not adequate to assess the dangers inherent in exposure to a chemical substance, we have created the sciences of toxicology and risk assessment to perform this function. Yet despite this great effort to overcome the limitations of intuitive toxicology, it has become evident that even our best scientific methods still depend heavily on extrapolations and judgments in order to infer human health risks from animal data. Many observers have acknowledged the inherent subjectivity in the assessment of chemical risks and have indicated a need to examine the subjective or intuitive elements of expert and lay risk judgments. We have begun such an examination by surveying members of the Society of Toxicology and the lay public about basic toxicological concepts, assumptions, and interpretations. Our results demonstrate large differences between toxicologists and laypeople, as well as differences between toxicologists working in industry, academia, and government. In addition, we find that toxicologists are sharply divided in their opinions about the ability to predict a chemical's effect on human health on the basis of animal studies. We argue that these results place the problems of risk communication in a new light. Although the survey identifies misconceptions that experts should clarify for the public, it also suggests that controversies over chemical risks may be fueled as much by limitations of the science of risk assessment and disagreements among experts as by public misconceptions.     

加入WTO后中国化工行业的战略定位思考--聚酯行业的战略目标和取向

中国加入世贸组织 ,对于长期受到政府高度保护下成长的中国聚酯工业而言 ,无疑将意味着更广和更深层的全球竞争 ,面对严峻的国内和国外形势 ,中国聚酯工业何去何从将是一个需要引起极大关注的问题。特此 ,本文结合经济理论 ,对中国聚酯工业的战略目标和取向问题进行了深刻的剖析和阐述。     

固碱锅铸铁补焊焊条的研制

研制了适用于铸铁固碱锅补焊用镍铁焊芯焊条.该焊条在焊接过程中避免了白口及淬硬组织,提高了焊缝的耐蚀性,并对所研制焊条的工艺性能进行了分析和讨论.     

标准化学势和热力学标准态新论──(I)气体物质的标准化学势和热力学标准态

若定义了标准化学势μ—,其他标准热力学量可从μ—和热力学函数之间的关系通过数学计算得到．本文中,定义了气相中Ｂ物质的标准化学势,并根据标准化学势选取了相应的标准态．对方程中有关符号和术语也予了以详细说明     

化学反应中的非线性现象

本文以“水中花园”和“化学振荡”等实验事实,论述了化学反应中的自然分形和自组织过程等非线性现象.     

盐化产业发展低碳经济的机制研究——以自贡市为例

盐化产业作为高能耗、高污染和高排放的行业,面临巨大的节能减排压力;发展低碳经济已经成为盐化产业可持续发展的首要任务。对低碳发展的机制进行评述,分析自贡市盐化产业碳排放的现状,提出政府需要构建发展低碳经济的引导机制、驱动机制、规制机制和补偿机制,分析碳交易市场构建需要建立的定价机制、交易机制和产权机制,阐述行业部门可以构建的锦标机制、集群机制、认证机制和协调机制,而企业则必须完善激励机制、创新机制和协作机制;并就自贡市盐化产业在政府、市场、行业和企业四个维度下发展低碳经济的十四种机制进行具体分析。