“试车风险”免赔额的实践难题与理论解析

随着EPCC工程承包模式的出现和发展,工程一切险的承保范围由施工活动扩展至试车活动。鉴于试车风险远大于施工风险,保险公司在保单中对试车风险规定了较高的免赔额,作为风险定价机制的补充性方案。但是,如何准确划分施工风险和试车风险,成为实务中的争点和焦点。本文通过分析得出结论,在现有制度环境下,试车风险无法合理定义,因此,保险公司通过提高试车活动免赔额来对试车风险进行定价的做法并不可取,应当寻求替代性解决方案。     

‘Big Society’ in the UK: A Policy Review

Alongside the UK Coalition Government’s historic public spending cuts, the ‘Big Society’ has become a major narrative in UK political discourse. This article reviews key features of Big Society policies against their aims of rebalancing the economy and mending ‘Broken Britain’, with particular reference to their implications for children and young people, and for the voluntary and community sector working with them. Although many positives are acknowledged, flaws are identified in the lack of attention paid to the unique position of children in society, and in an inconsistent conceptualisation of the voluntary sector on which Big Society policies rely.     

浅议一体化教学法在《电动机基本控制线路安装调试与维修》教学中的应用

通过对目前技校的学生和教学现状进行分析,认为传统的教学模式已经不适应现在的教学形势,提出理论和实践结合为一体的教学模式。结合一体化教学在《电动机控制线路安装调试与维修》教学中的具体应用实例,阐述了一体化教学法的实施过程和教学效果。     

高校基建（修缮）工程结算委托审计应注意的几个问题

本文从高校基建(修缮)工程项目结算委托审计必须由高校内审部门委托、委托审计前送审资料要准备齐全并做好初审工作、委托时要选好受托审计单位和审计工程师以及做好委托审计全过程的监控工作四个方面论述了高校内审部门如何做好基建(修缮)工程项目结算委托审计工作。     

Opportunities and Risks: Models of Good Practice in Commissioning Foster-Care

Local authorities in Britain have been purchasing foster placementsand related services from independent fostering agencies orproviders (IFPs) for many years. These are often made on anunplanned or ‘spot purchased’ basis and many localauthorities have incurred significant budgetary overspends orbeen criticized for poor child-care practice. In parts of theUSA and Australia, governments have required public authoritiesto ‘outsource’ all or most of their foster-careresponsibilities to private or voluntary agencies. Where thesehave been independently evaluated, a number of deficits havebeen identified. A middle position of local authorities andIFPs entering into service level or contractual agreements hasemerged in Britain where each sector attempts to plan and matchits respective needs and services and to predict and controlcosts. This paper explores how some local authority and IFPmanagers have developed working arrangements with one anotherin order to achieve this position. At a time when the Britishgovernment is providing a strong policy steer towards inter-sectorcommissioning in foster-care, this paper suggests a frameworkfor collaboration.     

核电厂调试人因事件分析

调试是核电厂建设过程中由建造安装过渡到运行必不可少的重要阶段,调试阶段存在工期紧、大量交叉作业、团队协作活动多、未知风险多等特点,导致人因事件频发。文章基于WANO根本原因及原因因子分类框架,采用屏障分析技术,对我国某核电企业2009-2018年共155份调试人因事件报告中事件失效屏障及其根本原因进行统计分析,结果显示:工作实践、规程制度与文件、人员本身因素、培训授权、监督方法、语言交流是主要的失效屏障;规程没有得到使用、规程不完善、技能不足、岗位培训和岗位经验不足、进程没有得到充分监督、班组间交流不充分等是根本原因。     

Exploring the Role of Localities in Health Commissioning: A Review of the Literature

The emerging pattern of NHS purchasing has prompted many health authorites in Britain to experiment with a variety of different approaches to locality-based commissioning. But published accounts of these experiments are few and little attempt has been made to analyse the resulting experiences in policy terms. This paper reviews the specific literature on locality commissioning in health services and some of the reasons for its emergence. It is also argued that since initiatives of this kind typically seek to address a wide agenda, involving a wide range of stakeholders, there is also a case for examining the wider policy background, including the literature on community development, decentralization and joint collaboration. An account is thus presented of the policy context within which locality commissioning experiments are taking place, and hence the principal issues which are likely to prove contentious or otherwise problematic.     

Making Sense of Inequalities: How Do Clinical Commissioning Groups in England Understand their New Role?

This research explored how newly forming clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) were beginning to think about their new ‘duty’ to tackle health inequalities (HIs), as outlined in UK health policy. The concept of ‘sensemaking’ (Weick 1995) was used to illustrate the influences on CCGs’ interpretations of the policy. Three CCGs in the North of England were recruited, and qualitative methods, including interviews, observations and document analysis, were used to collect data, over a period from January 2012 to December 2012. The tangibility of central policy objectives is important in providing clear guidance and direction to organizations trying to tackle large scale policy agendas such as HIs. At a local level, both individual and collective organizational histories and wider relationships were influential on the way CCGs understood the problem of HIs and how they decided to try to tackle the issue locally. The research highlights what influences local level relationships and what factors need to be considered when trying to interpret and implement national policy at a local level.     

Editorial Note: Referees

As the volume of UK social research addressing ethnicity grows, so too do concerns regarding the ethical and scientific rigour of this research domain and its potential to do more harm than good. The establishment of standards and principles and the introduction of guidance documents at critical points within the research cycle might be one way to enhance the quality of such research. This article reports the findings from the piloting of a guidance document within the research commissioning process of a major funder of UK social research. The guidance document was positively received by researchers, the majority of whom reported it to be comprehensible, relevant and potentially useful in improving the quality of research proposals. However, a review of the submitted proposals suggested the guidance had had little impact on practice. While guidance may have a role to play, it will need to be strongly promoted by commissioners and other gatekeepers. Findings also suggest the possibility that guidance may discourage some researchers from engaging with ethnicity if it raises problems without solutions; highlighting the need for complementary investments in research capacity development in this area.