Causes of lingering communist movement after Indonesia’s September Thirtieth Movement: the case of border area between Sarawak and West Kalimantan

This article focuses on the communist movement on both sides of the border in Sarawak and West Kalimantan around 1965 when the September Thirtieth Movement (abortive coup) took place in Jakarta. The people in Sarawak were seeking independence and opposed to being integrated into the Federation of Malaysia in the first half of the 1960s. However, after the September Thirtieth Movement, the communist movement in Sarawak started losing support both domestically and internationally (especially support from Indonesia). Nevertheless, even with the persecution by Suharto’s army, the Sarawak guerrillas and the Indonesian Communist Party in West Kalimantan cooperated in their struggle for a few years after 1965. This situation was aided by the remoteness of these areas from the centers of the nation-states (Malaysia and Indonesia) and also by the cooperation between the guerrillas and the local Chinese in West Kalimantan.     

Values and happiness among Asian adolescents: a cross-national study

Despite policy efforts to increase adolescent happiness, their impact has been unsatisfactory. Their limited impact may be rooted from a discrepancy between values that adolescents pursued and those that the policies were based on. To provide policy implications, our study aims to identify prevailing values for South Korean, Japanese, and Chinese adolescents and to examine the relationship between the values and self-rated happiness (SRH). A cross-sectional study was conducted using survey data collected on approximately 2000 middle and high school students (7th to 12th school grade) from each country in 2008. Firstly, an explanatory factor analysis was conducted to identify salient adolescent values from each country. Subsequently, a multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted for each population group to examine the relationship between the identified values and adolescent SRH after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. We found that benevolence and altruism were positively associated with adolescent SRH in all three population groups. Patriarchy was associated with SRH positively in Chinese yet inversely in Japanese. Success pursuit was inversely associated with SRH in Korean. Policy efforts based on values of communities or social harmony may benefit adolescents’ SRH in these three countries.     

Measuring and framing support for universal basic income

We execute an original survey experiment to examine the extent and determinants of support for a nascent policy issue, universal basic income (UBI), in the American public. We explore the effects of how UBI is framed (either in the context of values or the context of policy), finding three key results. First, UBI is primarily a Democratic and liberal policy. Second, negative arguments against UBI move support for UBI more than positive arguments. Third, and surprisingly, respondents are equally affected by both policy-driven and value-driven arguments about UBI. In conclusion, an increase in messaging about UBI is likely to widen existing partisan differences in UBI support. These differences are unlikely to be won over by policy or values arguments.     

Generational conflict and provisions for the elderly in Hong Kong: The relevance of position‐based interest and values

Respect for the elderly and hence the associated rights support a generational contract. Nevertheless, the case of the recent debate on the universal retirement scheme in Hong Kong has raised concerns about its strength. We identify relevant items from the sixth wave of the World Values Survey to explore the orientations of different generations toward others. The analysis shows differences between younger and older generations. Regression analyses show that values are not significant in explaining the differences, but various positions, including sex, marital status, and education, and perceptions of the elderly are relevant. Such differences across generations might weaken the generational contract and potentially engender conflicts as shown in the recent debate about the retirement scheme. We suggest short‐ and long‐term interest calculations, informed by their positions, play a more significant role in policy discussions and decisions, rather than simply appealing to values.     

马克思的共产主义思想的谱系及启示

1842年的马克思已经提出了对共产主义进行“理论论证”，即建立科学共产主义理论的任务。马克思在1844年认为，共产主义社会必须建立在消灭私有制的基础之上;只有消灭了私有制，才能消除人的异化，才能消除劳动的异化，才能实现人的解放和人的自由。《共产党宣言》阐明了共产主义思想的宗旨和共产党的基本纲领。《共产党宣言》出版之后，马克思还在《资本论》《法兰西内战》《哥达纲领批判》等著作中阐明了共产主义思想。只有共产主义能够克服现代化的弊端。建设中国特色社会主义必须维护公正与平等，为实现共产主义奠定公正与平等的基础。在走向共产主义社会的过程中，必须实现基本的公正与平等，并不断提高公正与平等的质量。     

工匠精神在当代应用型人才职业价值观的缺失与培育研究

工匠精神是当代职业教育中的重要理念，也是顺应时代发展需求，推进产业升级、经济转型的重要职业精神。文章围绕工匠精神的内涵、如何挖掘职业教育的工匠精神、如何将工匠精神纳入到当代职业人才价值观培育实践中等问题展开论述，并提出积极的建议和对策。     

Risk Perception: Reflections on 40 Years of Research

Numerous studies and practical experiences with risk have demonstrated the importance of risk perceptions for people's behavior. In this narrative review, we describe and reflect upon some of the lines of research that we feel have been important in helping us understand the factors and processes that shape people's risk perceptions. In our review, we propose that much of the research on risk perceptions to date can be grouped according to three dominant perspectives and, thus, approaches to study design; they are: the characteristics of hazards, the characteristics of risk perceivers, and the application of heuristics to inform risk judgments. In making these distinctions, we also highlight what we see as outstanding challenges for researchers and practitioners. We also highlight a few new research questions that we feel warrant attention.     

健全党员能进能出机制问题研究

中国共产党的党员能进能出机制，是党在领导中国革命、建设和改革开放的历程中形成和建立起来的，是我们党健康发展的重要条件。《中国共产党发展党员工作细则》更是首次提出慎重均衡发展中共党员。但目前，一些地方的做法与当前党员队伍建设面临的新形势、新情况还存在不相适应的地方，仍然存在党员入口把关不严、党员教育流于形式、党员监督管理虚化弱化、不合格党员处置相对偏软等问题。为此，我们应当从严把入口、强化监管、畅通出口等方面着手，健全党员队伍的进出口机制，保持党的先进性和纯洁性，增强党组织的战斗力。     

社会主义核心价值观教育研究

文章围绕主题从四方面展开了论述:一是阐释了社会主义核心价值观教育的内涵,并从教育目标凸显意识形态的主导性和实践性、教育内容的层次性和整体性、教育主体角色的多重性和重要性、教育受众的多广性和差异性四方面论述了它的特征;二是从应对西方敌对势力西化分化中国图谋、提升国家软实力实现中国梦和青年成长成才三方面的需要阐述了社会主义核心价值观教育的重要意义;三是论述了社会主义核心价值观教育应坚持的一元主导与差异分层、理论灌输与实践体验、正面引领与渐进渗透、尊重主体性与教育三贴近、现代化与通俗化等五个原则;四是提出了构建四位一体教育方式、整合新旧载体、营造先进文化氛围、完善保障机制四条实施社会主义核心价值观的路径.     

政党治理视域中的群众路线

在群众中学习，在学习中把握执政规律，在尊重规律中求得发展，在科学发展中巩固执政地位。当代中国处于迅速发展的社会转型期，伴随着经济全球化、政治民主化以及文化多元化的冲击，社会结构日益复杂化，人民群众的利益诉求日趋多样化，执政党在处理党群关系的实践中面临着新的形势，而要顺应新形势，必须要创新党群关系的思路和方法。文章分析了执政党处理党群关系所面临的新的问题和挑战，指出必须要从战略高度认识到群众路线之于政党治理的重要意义，阐明了政党治理的价值目标与为人民服务的内在契合；指出在政党治理视域下，坚持群众路线的着力点，即要发挥群众主体作用、创新党群沟通方式、树立依法治理理念、建立联系群众制度。只有把群众路线与政党治理结合起来，才能不断提高党治国理政的能力，实现党自身肩负的历史使命。