蒙特卡罗方法及其在辐射剂量计算中的应用

概述了蒙特卡罗方法的产生与发展,阐述了蒙特卡罗方法的基本特点,最后就蒙特卡罗方法在辐射剂量计算上的应用进行了讨论。     

经济辐射理论与我国经济发展战略构想

辐射既表现为自然界不同物体间的能量相互传递,也表现为人类社会资源的互相流动.经济辐射理论既可以深化我们对扩大开放的新认识,也可以说明区域、产业等经济发展中的从非均衡到均衡过程.为此,我们在系统而全面地分析经济辐射理论的基础上,提出了加快我国经济发展的战略构想.     

A Two-dimensional Heat Transfer Model for Atmosphere-land System in the Lake-dominated Alaskan Arctic

1 Introduction Shallow tundra lakes are one of the dominating landscape features in the Alaskan Arctic. They typically cover 20% of the total area of the North Slope of Alaska, and up to about 40% in the coastal plain [1,2]. Many lakes are, in their entirety or in part, shallower than the maximum annual ice thickness, consequently, some ice freezes completely to the lake bottom, nevertheless, large areas of water are deeper than the maximum ice thickness and the ice remains afloat througho…     

中国上市公司组合治理机制实证研究

一般地,按公司治理机制发挥作用的机理不同,可将其划分为基于公司治理结构的内部治理机制、基于市场的市场治理机制和基于社会环境的社会治理机制。公司绩效是这些治理机制共同作用的结果。本文首先选择设计了15个公司内部与外部治理机制的实证分析指标和1个公司绩效指标:接着以公司绩效为导向,运用数据挖掘技术对截止到2003年3月26日已发布2002年度报的305家沪市上市公司进行实证分析,得到了不同公司治理机制组合与公司绩效的对应关系,这为优化和设置公司治理机制组合、提高公司绩效提供借鉴。     

对马克思主义理论整体性问题研究的反思及其现实意义

整体性是马克思主义理论的重要特性,整体性问题是研究马克思主义的一个基本问题,也是当前我国学者研究马克思主义的一个热点问题。我国理论界围绕此问题进行了深入而系统的研究,取得了丰硕成果,但也存在一些问题,对这些问题的反思,有益于进一步实现马克思主义整体发展和创新的前瞻性使命。     

校园文化对高校德育实效的促进作用及其实现措施研究

本文从研究校园文化与德育的关系入手,重点分析了校园文化的教化、导向和辐射作用对德育实效的促进,结合当前高校校园文化对德育的影响,提出应采取多方面措施推动校园文化建设,提高高校德育实效。     

今文《尚书》指示代词的用法及其特点

运用穷尽性语料分析方法,对今文<尚书>指示代词进行了系统研究,证明今文<尚书>的指示代词已形成独立的系统,与西周金文的指示代词相似.但今文<尚书>的近指代词比较丰富,不仅同义词多,使用频率高,而且高频近指代词的语法功能也比较全面.今文<尚书>指示代词的各个小类内部多有语音上的联系,各个小类之间也有语音上的联系.今文<尚书>特有的无指代词"罔"或源于副词"罔".     

关于郑州中心城市辐射作用的思考

针对我国社会经济发展不平衡状况,区域经济发展应选择中心城市辐射与梯度推进相结合,并以中心城市辐射为主的发展战略.河南及中西部社会经济的发展需要中心城市带动,郑州有成为"龙头"城市的基础得天独厚的区位、交通、资源等优势,经济实力较强,西部大开发为其提供了发展良机.增强郑州中心城市辐射作用,要有新的战略构想框架,争取在10～20年的时间内,确立国家区域中心城市地位.为此,郑州需在制度创新、城市空间布局和产业结构布局、对外开放及发展科教事业等方面加快发展,使其向周边地区的辐射不断增强.     

Perceived Risks from Radiation and Nuclear Testing Near Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A Comparison Between Physicians, Scientists, and the Public

Determining the difference in perception of risk between experts, or more educated professionals, and laypeople is important so that a potential hazard can be effectively communicated to the public. Many surveys have been conducted to better understand the difference between expert and public opinions, and often laypeople exhibit higher perceptions of risk to hazards in comparison to experts. This is especially true when health risk is due to radiation, nuclear power, and nuclear waste. This article focuses on one section of a risk perception survey given to two groups of individuals with a more specialized education (scientists and physicians) and laypeople (villagers) in the Semipalatinsk region of Kazakhstan. All of these groups live near the former Soviet nuclear test site. Originally, it was expected that the scientists and physicians would have similar perceptions of radiation risk, while the public perceptions would be higher, but this was not always the case. For example, when perceptions of risk pertain to the health impacts of nuclear testing or the dose-response nature of radiation exposure, the physicians tend to agree with the laypeople, not the scientists. The villagers are always the most risk-averse group, followed by the physicians and then the scientists. These differences are likely due to different frames of reference for each of the populations.