Do greater amounts of FDI cause higher pollution levels? Evidence from OECD countries

Using an ARDL model for a panel of 15 OECD countries, this work analyses the impact that FDI, both jointly and by sector, has on CO₂ emissions. The findings reveal that these countries are yielding to the pressure on the trade sector. Unexpectedly, gross fixed capital formation shrink pollution, excluding in the mining sector. With findings supporting the Pollution Haven Hypothesis, policymakers must pay attention to FDI inflows, ensuring that FDI place high importance on the transfer of green technologies to improve the efficiency. These goals could be achieved through an increase in the stringency of environmental laws within the host countries, especially the ones related to FDI.     

美国中小学的体验式学习及启示

体验式学习的内涵随着时代的发展而逐渐丰富和深化，但无论其如何演变，直接经验和反思始终是体验式学习这一概念的内核。体验式学习理念渗透于美国教育文化之中。具体表现在：小学阶段的教育以学生的真实感知为基础，注重为学生提供真实体验的机会和激发学生的学习兴趣；中学尤其是高中阶段的教育以学生的真实体验为基础，注重为学生提供在新情境中检验所学知识的机会，注重学生知识、技能的内化吸收。美国中小学体验式学习的实施经验可为我国基础教育课程改革提供如下启示：（1）进一步树立和推广体验式学习理念；（2）创设学生进行真实体验的教学环境；（3）注重实施基于学生体验式学习的表现性评价。     

双循环新发展格局下中国双向直接投资研究

构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局,是对未来中国经济发展路径做出的重大战略部署,作为连接国内国际双循环的纽带,双向直接投资的发展战略和路径面临重塑和调整。研究认为,应当以推动新时代科技创新和产业升级为目标,提高双向直接投资的质量,畅通供应链和产业链; 以“一带一路”倡议为依托,通过更高水平的双向投资带动中国与沿线国家贸易水平的提高; 建设高水平自贸区和自贸港,提高对外开放标准,更高质量吸引外资,提升参与国际大循环的技术含量和自主性; 在畅通要素流动领域,建立更加完善的现代化物流体系,建设更高标准的要素流通市场体系,降低制度性交易费用,提高生产率和对高质量外资的吸引能力。     

How does BREXIT affect production patterns of multinational enterprises?

This paper explores how the British exit from the European Union (EU) potentially affects the United Kingdom (UK) economy and the production patterns of multinational enterprises that choose the UK as either a destination market or a gateway to the EU market. Utilizing an extended version of the knowledge-capital model, which includes six types of firms and four countries grouped into market and non-market, simulation analysis reveals that efforts to enhance attractiveness of the UK as a destination market to increase horizontal-type inward foreign direct investment would be a solution to cover losses from reduction in the number of export-platforms.     

网络服务提供者著作权侵权中的双重注意义务

《民法典》侵权责任编对原有通知删除规则进行了科学修正，但事前保护缺位与事后救济程序失范的问题仍然存在。随着网络服务提供者完成角色转型和技术升级，其作为网络侵权风险的控制者和参与者，有必要且有能力承担未通知阶段的主动预防义务和已通知阶段的证明材料审查义务，以弥补著作权保护和用户利益保护的漏洞。双重注意义务应分别与网络服务提供者对侵权危险的预期和控制能力以及材料审查能力相适应。未通知阶段之注意义务以技术措施为主要履行方式，其注意标准的认定应综合考量技术水平、服务类型、内容介入程度、是否直接获取收益等要素，未尽该注意义务仅为过错认定的考量因素而非唯一标准，并不必然导致侵权责任。已通知阶段之注意义务仅限于对提交的证明材料进行形式审查和有限的实质审查，尽到此注意义务的，可以免于承担侵权责任。     

Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Develop a Series of Core Competency Trainings Within a Developmental Disability Program

ABSTRACT

The New York State Talent Development Consortium at the Office for People with Developmental Disabilities (OPWDD) mandated developmental disability programs to train and evaluate direct service providers (DSPs) on seven core competencies. Utilizing community-based participatory research (CPBR) – an approach where clients, providers, and researchers share their knowledge and experience to identify study areas, formulate research questions, and use results to improve practice – a needs assessment was conducted by a New York-based developmental disability program to inform a training curriculum. Six focus groups were conducted from a purposive sample of 14 DSPs, and 19 managers/supervisors. Staff identified skills that corresponded with six out of seven competencies. Staff recommended hands-on training on: appropriate communication to deal with individuals with severe disabilities; professionalism; person-centered care; and education on terminology in behavioral health plans, medication, and mental health illnesses. Empowering DSPs through CBPR allows for a training curriculum catered toward staff needs, which may be well-received and utilized. The CBPR process employed may be beneficial to other agencies within the intellectual and developmental disabilities field, particularly at a time when the demand for nonlicensure providers such as DSPs is increasing, and there is a need to train them to render quality and effective services.     

社会学民族志的力量:重返早期社会研究的田野工作

自20世纪70年代以来，社会学民族志在田野工作和叙事复兴中与传统人文学汇聚，显著扩展了自己的学科边界。但是，这种扩展并没有解决社会学民族志在深度的经验发生和强烈的理论诉求之间遭遇的紧张。对于这种紧张，本文主张再访早期社会研究的田野，即19世纪末期到一战之前的若干典型研究，从中反思早期社会学田野工作是如何在“直接经验”的倾向中完成类型化，以及如何在这个经验感获得的同时改变对社会世界的道德想象。早期社会学的田野工作的力量之一不在于以规范的诉求压制经验感，而是以独特的情感结构连接经验的观察和道德理想的重生。由此，我们不仅需要反思诸如社会调查到社区研究这样的简单思路，更要重新理解理论史上所谓的“进步主义式”的道德本身。这一工作对重新认识早期社会研究和今天的社会学民族志都具有意义上的准备。     

FDI,democracy and corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper investigates the relationship between FDI, democracy and corruption among 30 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the period of 1985–2014 to determine whether the ‘helping hand’ or ‘grabbing hand’ hypothesis is most applicable. The results of GMM analysis show that corruption is used by FDI investors to overcome the region’s weak democratic regulatory and institutional status and thus the ‘helping hand’ is more prevalent. However, the results further show that as democratic capital accumulates, this association may outlive its usefulness and thus corruption as a ‘helping hand’ in time becomes a ‘grabbing hand’ instead. These results imply that SSA countries should focus on integrating into the international economy so as to take advantage of existing financial enforcement legislation while reconstructing and strengthening domestic constitutional anti-corruption legislation and institutions.