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1.
中国建筑业农民工存在着流动性大、老龄化严重、技能素质低、合法权益得不到有效保障等问题,其向产业工人转化势在必行.文章通过借鉴已有研究成果,构建以建筑业发展水平、建筑企业用工管理、政策制度环境、建筑农民工人力资本、建筑农民工职业化水平与其市民化水平为外因潜变量,以建筑农民工产业工人化程度为内因潜变量的假设模型,并通过问卷调研收集实证数据,运用因子分析和结构方程模型揭示建筑农民工产业工人化转型的影响因素和作用机制.结果表明:建筑农民工市民化水平与职业化水平是其产业工人化程度的直接前因变量;建筑业发展水平直接作用于建筑企业用工管理,而建筑企业用工管理、政策制度环境共同直接影响着建筑农民工人力资本;建筑农民工人力资本作用于其职业化水平和市民化水平的提升,政策制度环境也会作用于建筑农民工市民化水平.最后,文章从政府、行业、企业层面提出了政策建议,以推动建筑农民工的产业工人化转型.  相似文献   
2.
As U.S. manufacturing and production industries have declined, the growth of the care sector has increasingly become an important source of jobs for workers without a college degree. Often requiring some form of postsecondary credentialing, many care occupations can provide better wages, job stability, and possible upward mobility for less educated workers. However, employment patterns in paid care work are both gendered and racialized: women and workers of color are overrepresented in care occupations with fewer entry barriers, benefits, and lower pay. Although these patterns are well documented, the mechanisms producing them are less well understood. Using event history analysis and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79), this study evaluates the explanatory power of neoclassical economic, status attainment, and social closure theories of occupational segregation for black women’s and men’s greater hazard or “risk” of entering care occupations, relative to white workers. Net of individual and closure mechanisms, significant residual effects suggest labor market discrimination remains a primary explanation for the over-representation of black workers in less credentialed care jobs with fewer benefits.  相似文献   
3.
Faculty mentorship is a highly advantageous yet under-explored form of social capital which can grant access to co-curriculars (e.g., research assistantships), ensure strong letters of recommendation, and more. It is also typically informal and dependent on student initiative, requiring that students be skilled at engaging educational authority figures. Privileged students are most likely to have such skills as part of their dominant cultural capital, making faculty mentorship a site of social reproduction. To explore variations in this process, I compare two institution types: a small, teaching/undergraduate-focused regional university and a large, research-intensive flagship. In interviews with 68 working- and upper-middle-class students, I find that college context mediates the relationship of class background and faculty mentorship. Upper-middle-class students fostered advantageous faculty relationships at both universities, but working-class students diverged: at the flagship, they rarely approached professors in search of mentorship, while those at the regional university described close, beneficial connections with professors. I discuss working-class students’ dissimilar experiences in terms of each university’s structural and cultural characteristics (organizational habitus), particularly their institutional focus and size. I argue that through their particular organizational features, colleges can both reproduce and reduce inequalities, challenging the determinacy of precollege socialization in education.  相似文献   
4.
"鲁迅形象"是中国现代文化史上典型的现代知识分子的形象符码,其生成过程与现代中国的动态语境密切相关,深刻地勾联了阐释者的文化心理和思维形态。"鲁迅形象"是由自塑和他塑合力而构成的公共形象,对其进行文化学意义上的考察可为探索现代中国发展的社会史和现代知识分子的心灵史提供理论资源。  相似文献   
5.
In this article, Six Sigma zone control charts (SSZCCs) are proposed for world class organizations. The transition probabilities are obtained using the Markov chain approach. The Average Run Length (ARL) values are then presented. The ARL performance of the proposed SSZCCs and the standard Six Sigma control chart (SSCC) without zones or run rules is studied. The ARL performance of these charts is then compared with those of the other standard zone control charts (ZCCs), the modified ZCC and the traditional Shewhart control chart (SCC) with common run rules. As expected, it is shown that the proposed SSZCC outperforms the standard SSCC without zones or run rules for process shifts of any magnitude. When compared to the other standard ZCCs and the Shewhart chart with common run rules, it is observed that the proposed SSZCCs have much higher false alarm rates for smaller shifts and hence they prevent unwanted process disturbances. The application of the proposed SSZCC is illustrated using a real time example.  相似文献   
6.
为了对多个多属性(指标)待评价对象(方案)在多个时间点的发展状态和该时间段内的总体发展水平进行比较分析,根据理想解法和灰关联度法优缺点,提出基于理想解和灰关联度的动态评价方法。该方法基于三维数据,将欧氏距离和灰色关联度相结合,提出一种新贴近度,同时反映了位置关系和数据曲线的相似性差异,兼顾评价指标值差异程度和增长程度。最后将该方法应用于"十二五"期间省域循环经济生态效益评价,通过实例验证该方法实际应用上的有效性。  相似文献   
7.
We present an algorithm for learning oblique decision trees, called HHCART(G). Our decision tree combines learning concepts from two classification trees, HHCART and Geometric Decision Tree (GDT). HHCART(G) is a simplified HHCART algorithm that uses linear structure in the training examples, captured by a modified GDT angle bisector, to define splitting directions. At each node, we reflect the training examples with respect to the modified angle bisector to align this linear structure with the coordinate axes. Searching axis parallel splits in this reflected feature space provides an efficient and effective way of finding oblique splits in the original feature space. Our method is much simpler than HHCART because it only considers one reflected feature space for node splitting. HHCART considers multiple reflected feature spaces for node splitting making it more computationally intensive to build. Experimental results show that HHCART(G) is an effective classifier, producing compact trees with similar or better results than several other decision trees, including GDT and HHCART trees.  相似文献   
8.
勃朗特三姐妹的代表作品中刻画了三位灵魂伴侣,他们的情感生存空间受到了物质层面、道德层面和精神层面的约束。在物质层面,19世纪的英国阶级观念仍非常强烈,两性结成伴侣不仅要有一定的经济基础,而且更注重双方的门当户对,门第差距是贵族和中产阶级都无法接受的。由于这一时期缺少健全的婚姻法律,因此崇尚道德风尚的维多利亚人用道德来约束人们选择伴侣,缔结婚姻都必须符合道德要求,否则就会受到相应的惩罚。另外,虽然这一时期伴侣的权力地位关系不平等,但是每个阶层都存在像三对灵魂伴侣那样能够做到灵魂交流、心灵相通、感情深厚、婚姻生活幸福的夫妻。可以看出,勃朗特三姐妹在维多利亚早期对婚姻推崇门当户对,强调婚姻圣洁,同时重视伴侣之间的爱与尊重。  相似文献   
9.
In this article, we explore forms and possible implications of new masculinities in universities, and elucidate how they relate to hegemonic masculinity. ‘New masculinities’ coins a particular tradition of naming in Nordic masculinity studies. In the Nordic context, gendered social relations are shaped by State policies and equality discourses, which are increasingly embracing father‐friendly initiatives. New masculinities refers to the increased involvement of men in caring practices and especially in fathering. Our empirical study comprises in‐depth interviews with young male academics in a Finnish business school. We elucidate, first, the ambivalence and struggles between masculinities in the discourses of these men and, second, how the construction of masculinities is specific to societal, sociocultural and local contexts. Relations of class, and middle‐class notions of the ‘good life’ in particular, emerge as central for understanding the experiences of these men. Beyond the Nordic countries, we argue that while the change potential of caring masculinity stems from particular contexts, the concept of new masculinities is helpful in capturing the ambivalence and struggles between hegemonic and caring masculinities rather than dismissing the latter as subordinate to the former.  相似文献   
10.
梁喜  付阳 《中国管理科学》2021,29(2):184-194
从绿色建筑供给侧角度出发,构建消费者效用函数、开发商利润函数和政府与开发商的演化博弈模型,分析消费者绿色偏好、建筑绿色度、成本等因素对建筑价格、需求和利润的影响以及政府动态奖惩政策下系统的演化稳定策略。结果表明:消费者绿色偏好支付系数和建筑绿色度的增大有利于绿色建筑价格、需求和利润的提高,但高成本却使需求和利润降低;政府采用静态补贴与静态税收政策时,博弈系统不存在演化稳定策略,采用动态补贴与静态税收、静态补贴与动态税收、动态补贴与动态税收三种政策组合时,系统存在演化稳定策略;动态补贴与静态税收的政策组合在推动绿色建筑发展方面优于其他政策;开发商开发绿色建筑的概率与补贴上限值呈负相关,与税收上限值呈正相关。  相似文献   
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