弹性力学课程在专业基础课教学中的教学与实践

通过对弹性力学课程教学过程的探讨，给出了适合我校的弹性力学课程教学过程，构建了弹性力学课程的新的教学方法和教学手段，效果良好，全面提高了弹性力学的教育水平和教学质量。     

Bayesian elastic net single index quantile regression

Single index model conditional quantile regression is proposed in order to overcome the dimensionality problem in nonparametric quantile regression. In the proposed method, the Bayesian elastic net is suggested for single index quantile regression for estimation and variables selection. The Gaussian process prior is considered for unknown link function and a Gibbs sampler algorithm is adopted for posterior inference. The results of the simulation studies and numerical example indicate that our propose method, BENSIQReg, offers substantial improvements over two existing methods, SIQReg and BSIQReg. The BENSIQReg has consistently show a good convergent property, has the least value of median of mean absolute deviations and smallest standard deviations, compared to the other two methods.     

Regression Methods for Combining Multiple Classifiers

As no single classification method outperforms other classification methods under all circumstances, decision-makers may solve a classification problem using several classification methods and examine their performance for classification purposes in the learning set. Based on this performance, better classification methods might be adopted and poor methods might be avoided. However, which single classification method is the best to predict the classification of new observations is still not clear, especially when some methods offer similar classification performance in the learning set. In this article we present various regression and classical methods, which combine several classification methods to predict the classification of new observations. The quality of the combined classifiers is examined on some real data. Nonparametric regression is the best method of combining classifiers.     

Quantum mechanics and the postmodern in one country

Abstract

The orthodox interpretation of Quantum Mechanics was banned in the Soviet Union in 1947, an episode usually glossed as another illustration of repressive Soviet science. This paper argues that the roots of this ban should be located at a much deeper level, in a tension existing between the ‘postmodern’ form of orthodox Quantum Mechanics and an ideology of modernization. In the West a similar ideological tension had a different result: when the occasion demanded, the orthodox interpretation was covertly exchanged for an agnosticism about metaphysical matters, and potential areas of conflict with the principles of modernization were thus defused. The latter strategy benefited the orthodox interpretation, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly in the West from the 1940s through to the 1960s. Using the Freudian notions of ‘transference’ and ‘disavowal’, I explain why the ideological tension with modernization was resolved differently in the West and in the Soviet Union.     

论理论与实在的关系

以牛顿力学为核心的近代自然科学研究的哲学基础预设了经典理论与实在之间的镜像关系.这种关系蕴含了两个基本假设:其一,科学理论的可靠性与实在性假设;其二,科学方法与科学仪器的有效性与客观性假设.这种观点曾受到马赫、彭加勒和迪昂等人的质疑,却得到了罗素和维特根斯坦的逻辑原子主义的支持.相对论力学进一步强化了这种关系.量子力学的产生对此提出的挑战是颠覆性的和空前的.量子理论是依赖于测量条件的理论,它与实在之间的关系是一种整体性的模拟关系.模拟的过程是主客观统一的不断相互作用的过程.在这个过程中,理论不再是对实在的直接描述,而是在特定的模型框架内谈论实在或理解实在.谈论实在是在特定条件下对实在的认知内容的表达,对实在机理的间接模拟,不是对实在本身的直接断言,也不是对实在行为变化的镜像表达.这种观点不需要我们放弃长期以来形成的科学有可能使我们认识实在的直觉与追求,而是承认,科学认知过程中存在的辩护等修辞因素也是对科学真理的探索、辩明与阐释.这是一种介于僵化的经典实在论与多元的相对主义视野之间的一种中间领域的语境认识论.     

e-He弹性散射的相移计算

用与半经典交换势（ＳＣＥ）不同的三种交换势计算了低能ｅ－Ｈｅ弹性散射的相移，结果表明，这三种势均在不同程度上改善了ＳＣＥ势的结果．     

量子的实在性

物理学概念基础的变革往往是人类思维方式变革的前兆，量子概念就是架起从经典物理学通往量子力学的概念之一，也是科学哲学实在论和反实在论两大阵营对峙的概念基点。本文追溯了量子概念出现的历史画面，指出时量子概念引发的两种关于量子与实在之间关系的理解，并从语境方法论的教义对量子概念赋予其实在性。     

Robust sparse regression and tuning parameter selection via the efficient bootstrap information criteria

There is currently much discussion about lasso-type regularized regression which is a useful tool for simultaneous estimation and variable selection. Although the lasso-type regularization has several advantages in regression modelling, owing to its sparsity, it suffers from outliers because of using penalized least-squares methods. To overcome this issue, we propose a robust lasso-type estimation procedure that uses the robust criteria as the loss function, imposing L₁-type penalty called the elastic net. We also introduce to use the efficient bootstrap information criteria for choosing optimal regularization parameters and a constant in outlier detection. Simulation studies and real data analysis are given to examine the efficiency of the proposed robust sparse regression modelling. We observe that our modelling strategy performs well in the presence of outliers.     

薛定谔创立波动力学的激励机制是“数学美”

诺贝尔奖得主薛定谔是一位集物理学家、哲学家和诗人于一身的全才。他的多才多艺和显赫的业绩，特别是他对数学美的执著追求及其创立的波动力学，不仅对21世纪物理学的发展产生了巨大而深远的影响，而且也为当今推进我国高校实施科学与人文交融的素质教育模式，提供了一个光辉的范例。     

计算气井储量新方法

提出了采用弹性二相法结合物质平衡方程作为计算全井储量的新方法。弹性二相法主要用于气藏开发进入拟稳态以后，要求压力和产量的测量精确，气藏的工作制度对弹性二相法储量也有很大影响，其计算可靠程度已被矿场实际证实；物质平衡方程在开发初期计算精度不高。将弹性二相法与物质平衡法结合建立多目标优化函数，该方法既能很好地应用弹性二相法，又能体现物质平衡，使得该方法适用范围更广，计算结果更可靠，对致密气藏具有更好的推广应用价值。通过实例气井动态储量进行的验证对比表明，该方法在理论上是合理的，实际验证是可行的。