The Existential Side of Kohut's Tragic Man

This article explores the way in which Kohut's concept of Tragic Man functions as a response to criticisms of self psychology as proffering a partial, utopian, strife-denying theory of human development. After citing several representative critiques in this respect, I review the concept of Tragic Man as defined by Kohut, and then seek to deepen the clinical usefulness of this concept through a discussion of affects, empathy, and free association. A clinical vignette concludes the paper, through which some of these ideas find illustration.     

现象学的问题如何发生--德里达对胡塞尔发生现象学的解读

德里达对胡塞尔的发生现象学有他自己的特殊理解,他研究了观念的历史,以及根据所形成的心理习惯构成的观念,当然,这也是观念对象构成的历史过程。发生是一个陌生的过程:在即将来临的历史中包含着一种中断。德里达描述了从某种确定的目的论返回到胡塞尔所新近确立的起源问题的运动结构。德里达研究稳定的结构与发生现象学之间的关系,在这个过程中,德里达提出了关于解构的基本问题。     

胡塞尔后期现象学方法简论

胡塞尔认识到了欧洲科学危机的根源——物理学的客观主义及其演变形式实证主义,从而把对哲学的研究转向了生活世界。生活世界是胡塞尔后期现象学方法的根基。胡塞尔后期现象学独特的范式是先验还原的方法。胡塞尔后期现象学方法作为一种综合思辨的哲学方法,为哲学研究开辟了广阔的方法论视野,现象学的开放性和包容性为人类赢得了新的思想发展空间,能实现价值理性和工具理性的有机结合,为人类的思想危机提供了解决方法。     

An Existential Approach to Risk Perception

Existential, or existential-phenomenological philosophical approaches to the social psychology of risk perception provide a novel framework for understanding issues that are common to all humanity, such as fear of death, freedom and responsibility, isolation and meaninglessness, as these anxieties are a function of existing, or being-in-the-world. These fundamental anxieties can be related theoretically to the ways people perceive risks within social and cultural milieus, and can also be used practically within case studies, as demonstrated in the three examples presented, which examine perceptions of climate change, food-related risks, and environmental awareness via a mixture of quantitative and qualitative techniques. The discussion focuses on the possible insights that can be gained from taking an existential perspective on risk perception, and relates notions of contemporary technologically-oriented societies to the existential challenges faced by individuals and societies in the contemporary world.     

构筑知识的基础——胡塞尔、弗雷格方法论比较

现象学学派和分析哲学学派都是20世纪哲学界的显学。本文认为独特的方法论原则往往能使哲学家在哲学探索中独辟蹊径,现象学学派和分析哲学学派的成就与两派各自独特的方法论原则息息相关,因此,本文试图追寻哲学史发展的脉络,比较研究充当“领头羊”角色的两位哲学巨匠胡塞尔和弗雷格的方法论原则,以加深对现象学方法和分析哲学方法的理解,洞察二者思想的精微之处。     

解释冲突的公断(Ⅰ)——论利科对当代诠释学的贡献

在当代诠释学领域中,各种诠释学理论相互冲突,方法论与存在论之间的冲突就是其中之一。利科立足西方哲学传统,通过现象学、语义学与反思环节,对诠释学方法论与存在论之间的关系做出了公断,解答了解释的冲突。     

Children's nurses' experiences of child protection: what helps?

This paper reports on one area of findings of a study undertaken in the spring of 2008 at a district general hospital in the south of England. Individual semi‐structured interviews using an interpretive phenomenological approach were undertaken with 15 nurses and midwives working in paediatrics who had been involved in child protection cases. The aim was to explore their views and feelings of the experience. Very little research was found to inform this subject and none specifically with nurses working with sick children. Interviews were taped, transcribed and analysed thematically. It was discovered that involvement in child protection has a lasting impact on individuals; nurses need procedural information from a knowledgeable supporter during a case; and they need support from the right person in the right place at the right time for them. The Named Nurse was identified as being crucial in giving effective support to individuals during child protection cases and trusted advice and support helps staff follow through on niggling concerns, potentially preventing abuse. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

海德格尔的形而上学之思

终其一生,海德格尔都是行走在通往形而上学本质的存在之"思"路中,对他来说,这一思之路乃是通往存在的现象学之路:通过现象学还原,返回到存在的源初含义未曾被遮蔽的古希腊思想的开端;通过现象学解构,重新阐释由柏拉图发端的西方传统形而上学史,以获得关于存在问题的源始经验;通过现象学建构,在新的地基上寻求一种解说存在意义的新境域,从而为我们开启一条通达形而上学本质的"林中路"。     

A qualitative case study of a Korean former addict’s existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation

This study explored the case of a former addict, focusing on his existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation process. This study began from the question of whether philosophical processes related to existential self‐interpretation could lead to the formation of the concept of bottoming out and of identity transformation. To answer this question, the study analyzed the case of a male in his mid‐forties who was addicted to drugs for approximately 30 years and has only recently maintained abstinence. The study used the phenomenological approach to determine the meaning drugs held for him in each stage, and what drug‐related identity he had in each stage. Further, this study identified the integrative implications of these meanings in terms of existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation. The four different identities the man identified for the four stages of his life were juvenile delinquent, gang member, half‐gangster, and breadwinner, and the associated meanings drugs had for him during each period were “glue,” “filthy,” “leeches,” and “abstinence,” respectively. Finally, this study elucidated the integration of these meanings through the hermeneutic circle, identified the social welfare implications of the findings, and developed educational recommendations.     

Career Counseling With Black Men: Applying Principles of Existential Psychotherapy

Counselors may benefit from applying principles of existential psychotherapy to career counseling with Black men. Existential psychotherapy asserts that there are 4 issues that all people experience: death, freedom, isolation, and meaning. The life experiences of Black men, including difficulty with their careers, suggest that they may struggle with these existential concerns, particularly finding meaning in their lives. Because work and issues in other domains of life (e.g., family, community) often intersect, an existentially based career counseling approach may prove useful. An overview of existential psychotherapy is presented, followed by a discussion of its applicability to career counseling with Black men. In addition to suggestions for career counselors, recommendations for training and professional development are offered.