Attitude strength moderates adverse effects to questionnaire design

ABSTRACT

The presentation and visual design of the “don’t know” category in rating scales on respondents’ behavior may have ambivalent effects. The hypothesis is that attitude strength toward the topic influences the respondents’ sensitivity to the graphical design of the scale. A paper-and-pencil questionnaire conducted among 307 German university students contained an experimental variation of the presentation of a “don’t know” category and its visual design. A multinomial logistic regression shows that presenting a “don’t know” category drives respondents toward extreme categories. The visual design of the “don’t know” category influences the distribution of responses, all the more that the respondents’ attitudes toward the item topic are weak.     

双薪家庭的家务性别分工：经济依赖、性别观念或情感表达

基于２０１０年第三期中国妇女地位调查数据的分析显示，城镇家庭的家务劳动分工具有“女性为主，男性为辅”的特征。研究表明，经济依赖关系、工作时间、性别角色观念均显著地影响着两性的家务分工，但其影响机制存在差别。对于男性而言，经济上的独立与成就对于其家务劳动投入的影响最大，其次是工作时间与性别角色观念，这些要素均相对独立地发挥作用，男性家务劳动的承担不存在“性别表演”。对于女性而言，纯粹的经济独立（对配偶收入的依赖程度、本人的绝对收入状况等）并非其家务劳动投入的最好预测，性别角色观念也不独立地对家务劳动参与产生影响。部分女性的家务劳动在经济依赖与性别角色观念交互影响下存在着形态与效应各异的“性别表演”。这一特征揭示了两性在劳动力市场中的经济地位与社会文化期待交互影响的形塑作用。     

Exploring the essence of enabling child participation within child protection services

The chances that children have to participate in child protection services are largely contingent upon the attitudes and skills of case managers. They have a crucial role in ensuring that a child's voice is being listened to and acknowledged in often sensitive dialogues. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate what case managers need to facilitate child participation. By handing case managers a participation toolbox developed by children and through the use of reflexive monitoring in action, we elaborated on the barriers faced in practice. The results show that the intention to facilitate child participation is quickly overruled by often subconscious thoughts and beliefs, stemming from the complex interplay of child image, protection, and participation. Case managers need to be aware of this interplay and how this unknowingly steers their actions. Therefore, iterative reflection should be facilitated within organizations for an actual change in their daily practice and to amplify the role of children in the decision‐making processes within child protection services.     

The Role of Family in Career Choices among Social Workers in China

Abstract

High turnover rate affects social work workforce development in China. Few empirical studies have been conducted to explore the factors that have influences on turnover intention among Chinese social workers. This study used data from China General Survey on Professional Social Workers to examine the influence of job satisfaction and family attitude on social workers’ career choices. The findings reveal that both job satisfaction and family’ attitude toward the profession have significant effects on social workers’ turnover intention. Family’s support or disapproval of the social work profession has moderate effect on the negative correlation between job satisfaction and turnover intention. The findings could be explained by the familyism culture of Chinese society and unique challenges of professional development experienced by social workers in China. Future studies should consider the influence of family to develop a more comprehensive research framework. Management in social service agencies should help family of social workers to learn and embrace the profession to gain their support of choosing social work as career.     

职前幼儿教师教育信息化态度研究

Preschool teachers’ educational informationization is a vital content of preschool educational informationization, because the attitude of preschool teachers which influence the process of informatization in preschool education plays a key role in the process.So does the pre-service preschool teachers.According to the interviews in the form of questionnaires on the students majoring in preschool education of two schools in Wuhan, Hubei province, this study investigates the status of the attitude towards the educational informationization of pre-service preschool teachers.Using SPSS17.0 software, the study also explores and analyzes the different attitude towards the educational informationization of pre-service preschool teachers under the influences of different variants.Based on the conclusion, countermeasures and suggestions to improve the attitude towards the educational informationization of pre-service preschool teachers are put forward: 1) Reducing the teachers’ education informatization gap between urban and rural pre-school ; 2) Having “tailor-made” information technology courses of major related in preschool education colleges; 3) Guaranteeing to have information-based teaching environment and optimizing information resources construction; 4) Establishing internship practise places with preschool organizations to increase intern opportunities for information technology.     

传统贫困观对精准扶贫的影响及应对

中国传统思想中对于贫困问题的态度是存在矛盾的:既有儒家“富而教之”的反贫困理论,也存在道家及法家思想对于贫困有意无意间的“制造”。这种思想上的冲突以及长期小农经济下的物质贫困,造成了具有中国特色的贫困观念,并在一定程度上成为当前脱贫攻坚中的阻碍因素。精准扶贫,既需要汲取传统反贫困思想中的积极因素,更要以核心价值观为引导,积极探索完善基层文化建设新模式。     

计量经济分析何以滥用——知识结构和学术风气的剖析

现代经济学的实证分析和计量应用变得越来越媚俗化和庸俗化,大多数文章甚至都经不起150年前穆勒所提出的证实规则之逻辑检视,更不要说揭示出经济现象间的因果关系。这一学术取向主要源于两大原因:首先,研究者知识结构的日益狭隘,使得他们局限于事物的表象解释而无法深入揭示事物的本质;其次,学术界功利主义的日益盛行,使得他们以商人心态偏向容易被接受的主流化研究方法。当前,上述两大因素还有深厚的社会环境基础,这使得计量实证分析的形式化和庸俗化倾向更为严重。实际上,众多经济学人在对现实社会环境还缺乏基本理解的情况下就牵强附会地运用计量软件来寻找各变量之间的关系,以至所得出的结果根本无助于现象预测或实践指导,由此也就呈现出明显的“下不着地”之风气。     

Complexity: Some Remarks about a Classical Aesthetic Concept

The connection between autonomous art and complexity has been extensively and deeply studied in literary theories in the 20th century. The rise of aesthetic autonomy implies the complexity of literary work as the concept of a sealed container arises from the relationship between the parts that make it up. In this model, the interpretation subject works to directly face literary texts. Instead of pursuing the author’s intention, it aims to reproduce the richness and subtlety of the aesthetic state, and consider the richness and subtlety revealed in the maximum amount of text details in literary works, even if procedurally deviating from the way of mainstream understanding. There is increasing skepticism about the consequences of the autonomous aesthetics, which has been coerced by the development of contemporary capitalism, and it is necessary to develop new forms of aesthetics to reflect the changing social situation.     

中国员工企业伦理态度调查及分析

随着中国市场经济的发展,各种企业丑闻的频发引起业界广泛关注,公司治理越来越受到重视。已有的研究表明,员工企业伦理态度关乎员工承诺度和企业竞争力。本文依据个人层次研究理论,采用实证分析方法,选择国内6家企业的员工为调研对象,沿用国外企业伦理个体层次研究中广泛使用的量表"Attitude Towards Business Ethics Questionnaire"(ATBEQ)即企业伦理态度量表,考察当代中国企业员工对企业伦理态度的看法;另外,也分析了不同的工作年限,性别,学历,户口等因素下的企业员工伦理态度差异。调查结果显示:中国员工的企业伦理观存在困惑;大部分中国员工有企业利益相关者意识;教育对企业员工伦理态度存在显著影响。     

Association between sexually explicit messages and sleep health among French sexual minority men

It has been demonstrated that sexual minority men (SMM) participate in sexting. While research has shown that engagement in the exchange of sexually explicit media is associated with poor health outcomes, no previous research has investigated its association with sleep health outcomes. This study sought to examine the association between sexually explicit media and sleep health among SMM, a population that suffers from poor sleep health. A popular geosocial networking application was used to recruit SMM individuals (N?=?580) in the Paris, France, metropolitan area. Multivariate analyses, adjusting for sociodemographics, were used to test the association between the frequency of sexually explicit messaging and three dimensions of sleep health: (1) sleep quality, (2) sleep duration, and (3) two aspects of sleep problems. In multivariate analyses, those who reported engaging in sexually explicit messaging more were more likely to report getting less than seven?hours of sleep (aRR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.08, 1.43) compared with those who reported engaging in sexually explicit messaging less. No significant associations were found between sexting and sleep quality or reporting sleep problems. Sexually explicit messaging was associated with shorter sleep duration. Intervention targeted at individuals who sext could potentially improve sleep health outcomes.