社会资本与我国民营企业家族化管理的内在逻辑

是继续采用家族化管理还是采用职业化管理仍是困扰我国民营企业发展的现实问题。从社会资本的角度分析我国民营企业家族化管理的内在逻辑,认为任何企业的成长都是在一定的社会资本条件下进行的,企业的成长和发展及其管理模式的选择都是由当时的社会资本条件决定的。由于我国具有丰富的家族社会资本和泛家族社会资本,而制度化社会资本相对缺乏,这就决定了我国大多数民营企业并不具备职业化管理的现实基础,也没有职业化管理的现实需求,家族化管理仍是我国大多数民营企业的现实选择。对于那些能够进入现代企业阶段的民营企业,职业化管理是其理想的选择,但需要我国创造有利于民营企业家族化管理模式创新的环境。     

对农村集体经济的新认识

文章从理论与实践的结合上，着重分析农村集体经济的特征，集体经济在社会主义市场经济、发展生产力、实现“第二个飞跃”中的积极作用。同时指出新旧集体经济的区别，发展集体经济应注意的问题。     

家族管理与企业生产率

生产率是衡量企业生产经营活动的一个非常重要的指标,生产率除了与资本投入和劳动投入有密切联系外,还与企业的管理模式存在关系.基于柯布-道格拉斯生产函数,用家族指定管理层、家族成员担任董事长或总经理作为家族管理的替代变量,建立家族管理与企业生产率关系的函数,以2002年～2006年沪深两市制造行业的283家家族上市公司为样本,从生产率的角度检验家族管理对企业生产率的影响.研究结果发现,在家族上市企业全样本中,家族管理对企业生产率有显著的负向影响,即家族指定管理层、家族成员担任董事长或总经理对企业生产率有显著的负向影响;进一步研究发现,家族管理对企业生产丰的负向作用在直接上市的家族企业子样本中更明显,家族参与企业管理的程度越高,企业生产率越低.     

我国农业产业化过程中几个值得注意的问题

我国在推进农业产业化的过程中,存在着过于偏重大型龙头企业、轻视农户组织、片面追求规经营弱化家庭经营、过度专业化等一系列的理论或实践误区,影响了农业产业化的健康发展。对此,要立足实际,提升认识,促进农业产业化健康发展。     

家族成员心理所有权对家族企业创业导向的影响

家族企业是中国民营企业的重要构成。创业导向对于推动我国家族企业转型升级和持续成长具有重要作用。文章研究了家族成员心理所有权对家族企业创业导向的影响，同时考察了家族涉入（家族管理权、家族代数）、制度环境对家族成员心理所有权与家族企业创业导向关系的调节效应，利用中国东西部地区家族企业的问卷调查数据，实证检验发现：第一，家族成员心理所有权对家族企业创业导向有显著的正向影响；第二，家族管理权对家族成员心理所有权与家族企业创业导向关系起正向调节作用，即随着家族管理权的增大，家族成员心理所有权对家族企业创业导向的正向影响增大；第三，管理企业的家族代数和制度环境对家族成员心理所有权与家族企业创业导向关系起负向调节作用，即随着管理企业家族代数的增加或家族企业所处制度环境的改善，家族成员心理所有权对家族企业创业导向的正向影响减小。文章丰富了新兴经济体家族企业创业导向前因研究成果，同时也为我国家族企业创业实践提供了重要启示。     

私德有余、公德不足下的不得已选择：我国民营企业家族化的文化探源

我国民营企业的高层管理普遍存在着家族化的现象，这一现象可以追溯到国人私德有余、公德不足的文化形态。这一文化形态和中国传统社会结构息息相关。农耕文明导致中国家族制度的高度发达，家族制度重视亲朋好友之间道德规范的培养，而轻视公共领域中陌生人之间道德行为的规范。在企业这个公共领域日益发达的今天，国人公德的淡漠使得企业人之间难以同舟共济。因此，我国民营企业家为了降低监督成本，不得不任用亲朋好友介入高层管理。可见，企业家族化有其现实的合理性，但最终必须自我扬弃，才能顺应企业发展的未来趋势。     

Managing work and family in home-based employment

Two 10-item scales, one describing the management of the home-based work and the other, the management of the family work, were administered to a sample of household managers who are also the home-based worker. Scale items are designed to assess dimensions of input, planning, implementing, and output.T-tests are used to compare the means of the individual items and the scale means. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to assess whether the factoring of the scale items support the theoretical framework. Scores are higher for the management of the home-based work than for the management of family work. Although both scales are highly reliable, the items in the home-based work scale factor clearly into the dimensions of standard setting and controlling. One interpretation may be that, given a choice, the dual-manager may choose to consciously organize the paid work instead of the family work.This paper reports results from the Cooperative Regional Research Project, NE-167, entitled, At-Home Income Generation: Impact on Management, Productivity and Stability in Rural/Urban Families, partially supported by the Cooperative States Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Experiment Stations at the University of Hawaii, Iowa State University, Lincoln University (Missouri), Michigan State University, Cornell University (New York), The Ohio State University, The Pennsylvania State University, Utah State University, and the University of Vermont. Appreciation is expressed to Frank Chiang at Cornell University and Young Rae Oum at Iowa State University for the computer assistance needed to complete this research article. Patsy Sellen was instrumental in formatting and stylizing this paper to required guidelines.Her current research interests include household asset and debt formation, working families and employers' benefits, and home-based employment. She received her Ph.D. from Purdue University in 1978.Her current research work includes an analysis of family resource management in Mexico and housing conditions in rural areas. She is also involved in the study of households who work at-home for pay and their associated management practices and coping strategies. She received her Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University in 1970.Her current research work includes such topics as divorce settlements, at-home income generation and management practices of households who are engaged in home-based employment. Her Ph.D. was received from Cornell University in 1978.     

Work–family Management among Low‐wage Service Workers and Assistant Professors in the USA: A Comparative Intersectional Analysis

Noting an inattention to the specific ways in which class, race, and gender combine to affect work–family management, we conducted a qualitative exploration of the processes of intersectionality. Our analysis relies on two points on a continuum of class experiences provided by two groups of predominately white female workers: low‐wage service workers and assistant professors. Drawing on in‐depth interviews with each group, we examine the similarities and differences in their experiences of negotiating their work worlds as they tried to meet family demands. We focus on the ways in which class and gender interacted to shape these women's everyday lives in different ways. While we found that women privileged by class were privileged in their abilities to manage work and family demands, we also found that class shaped the gendered experiences of these women differently. Our data suggest that, in the realm of work–family management, class mutes gendered experiences for assistant professors while it exacerbates gendered experiences for women working in the low‐wage service sector. Our analysis not only highlights the importance of considering intersecting hierarchies when examining women's lived experiences in families and workplaces, but provides an empirical example of the workings of intersectionality.     

对民营企业家族管理客观适应性的分析

家族管理模式将长期存在,但这并不意味着它就一定就是最佳管理模式。即使是在最能体现其合理性的中小企业里,也应不断地对家族管理做法进行总结、修改和补充,甚至在必要时淡化家族管理色彩。毕竟选择什么样的管理模式不是目的,关键是为企业定下的目标用什么样的手段最适应当时条件。     

民营企业职业化管理中的主要问题及改进对策

民营企业在职业化管理过程中存在着诸多问题,主要表现为民营企业由家族化管理向职业化管理转轨的问题、民营企业内部人际关系问题和员工培训方面的问题。民营企业内部人际关系良性互动对企业健康发展具有重要意义,企业员工培训是民营企业长远发展不可忽视的环节。对此本文提出了解决民营企发展过程中上述问题的改进方案。