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1.
“赋权”是理解精准扶贫政策的重要视角。田野考察发现基层扶贫实践既有“赋权”又有变通的“控制”,由此导致了扶贫过程中“精准”程度有所差异,为此,需要从基层政府的行动逻辑分析精准扶贫的实践逻辑。研究发现,地方政府从外部选派驻村扶贫工作队,由于较少受到当地社会网络的约束使其能够“理性行动”,但在“限期”脱贫的目标责任制下,基层的扶贫工作队受到了“规避责任”与“追求政绩”的双重约束,故此工作队根据自利原则策略性地选择了赋权或控制策略。进一步考察发现,扶贫工作队主要通过利用传统权力结构、地方性知识及现代化知识话语“异化”赋权策略,从而构建了“控制性赋权”的实践逻辑。基于此,地方政府应着力于构建“外派”与“内生”相结合的基层扶贫工作队,设置部分基于“赋权”“参与”的考核指标,培训提高扶贫干部对贫困户的尊重和理解,从而使得长效脱贫的精准扶贫政策能够得以执行。  相似文献   
2.
Women entered the paid workforce in unprecedented numbers during the 20th century. Yet recent years have been witness to a creeping reversal in women's labor force participation. Why did the revolution stall? In response to debates over a “natural” limit to women's employment, or a cultural backlash against the dual-breadwinner household, we consider an alternative explanation, namely whether immigration has slowed the growth in female labor force participation. Using CPS data from 1998 to 2018, we show that the increase in the share of immigrants and children of immigrants in the population has reduced overall female labor force participation. However, immigration accounts for relatively little of the retreat from the labor force. Instead, the compositional effect of population change is overshadowed by behavioral shifts that affect both natives and immigrants. Lower participation rates among native-born women accounts for most of the overall decline. Despite persistent differences, we also find substantial convergence in the labor force behavior of native-born and foreign-born women, which bodes well for the long-term economic incorporation of immigrants and their children.  相似文献   
3.
在供给侧改革背景下,区域经济增长的驱动因素显著影响着区域经济的高质量和可持续发展。以索洛增长模型为基本框架,利用2003~2017年安徽省经济发展相关数据开展实证研究,测算资金投入、劳动力投入、技术进步各因素对经济增长的贡献率;同时对模型进行扩展,研究安徽省经济增长的长期驱动力量,对现期和远期的动能转换加以阐述。研究认为,现阶段资金投入仍然是安徽省经济产出的主要驱动因素,劳动力投入的经济推动效应相对较小,技术进步的驱动力量逐步提升,安徽省远期经济发展将主要依赖于技术创新驱动。安徽省应注重科技创新,进行产业结构优化调整,将技术因素融于资金、劳动供给侧,全面深化以技术为主的供给侧改革,加快经济增长动力转型。  相似文献   
4.
ABSTRACT

This article explores the technical limitations of audio recordings and how those limitations impact the reliability of sound evidence in police use of force cases. In audiovisual recordings, audio is often assumed neutral, redundant or to have the same limitations as its visual counterpart. Bringing together film theorist Michel Chion’s concept of audio-vision and the technical specifications of mobile audio recording, this article highlights how design priorities and compression processes can influence the way sound evidence is perceived. By failing to acknowledge audio recordings as distinct from their visual counterparts, they are rendered invisible and are therefore under scrutinized throughout legal processes. This neglect becomes notably problematic in cases of police use of force where audio/visual recordings often work to bolster the already privileged officer testimony.  相似文献   
5.
Men's limited movement into female occupations has been identified as a key barrier to future declines in occupational sex segregation and achieving greater gender equality. So why are men so reticent to enter jobs normatively regarded as female? Drawing from qualitative interviews with multiple stakeholders in four female‐dominated occupations in Australia, this article documents the processes that influence men's employment in gender‐atypical jobs. Gender essentialism is central to many processes that generate and/or stall changes in men's representation in female‐dominated occupations. While gender essentialism's role in producing and reproducing occupation sex segregation is well known, its role in reducing occupational sex segregation is a critical process which has previously received limited attention. The article details gender essentialism's integrative function.  相似文献   
6.
计算了在极限弯矩作用下曲柄销紧固螺栓上的预紧力,根据各载荷的影响,利用理论计算的方法得到了曲柄销锥面上的应力分布情况.同时在有限元分析软件ANSYS中建立了抽油机曲柄销、锥套、曲柄体和螺母垫片、紧固螺母的实体装配模型,并在ANSYS软件中进行了接触分析,得到了各实体的应力分布情况.将两者对比分析,有限元计算的结果与理论力学模型计算结果相吻合.根据此结果对曲柄销的转动力矩进行了计算,分析了曲柄销出现转动的原因.  相似文献   
7.
为实现曲柄群驱动机构的模块化设计与生产,定义曲柄单元为该机构的基本单元,以曲柄单元为基础研究曲柄 群驱动机构模块化设计中的摆动力平衡问题。研究了影响平衡块质量及配置位置的因素。分析表明,当在所有曲柄的 反方向配置参数相同的平衡决时,平衡决的质量矩与机构中的曲柄个数,曲柄的质量与长度,运动连杆总质量有关。得 出一种满足模块化设计与生产的方法,该方法能快速有效地实现曲柄群驱动机构单元化平衡  相似文献   
8.
在媒介化社会与消费赋权的时代,偶像产业的生产文本从文化文本逐渐偏转至关注个人价值的社会资本类文本。偶像产业注重建构价值引导力,并被期待能够更多服务于社会公共利益,进而作为文化治理推进的基础之一。偶像产业的主要行动者在社群自治与社会共治两个层面上,通过互动、沟通与协商以及制衡,不断达成社会共识、革新社会文化观念,其也为国家治理现代化的实践提供了更多可能。  相似文献   
9.
以斜拉桥的损伤识别为目的,提出了一种索力比指标,研究了斜拉桥在车辆荷载激励下,主梁发生损伤时斜拉索索力比指标的变化规律。以实验室独塔斜拉桥试验模型为研究对象,基于ANSYS建立其空间板壳有限元模型,以单元刚度的折减模拟主梁损伤,对主梁在不同位置损伤、不同程度损伤两类工况下,车辆荷载激励下斜拉索的索力比指标变化进行了数值仿真。结果表明:车辆荷载激励下,斜拉索的索力比指标与主梁的损伤位置和损伤程度存在一定的对应关系。为后续基于车辆荷载激励下的索力响应指标识别斜拉桥损伤方法的研究提供了重要的参考,具有一定的理论意义。  相似文献   
10.
People with serious mental disorders (PSMDs) are overrepresented both in prison deaths and during fatal encounters with the police in the community (deaths after police contact, DAPC). To identify common factors present across cases of who died during contact with the criminal justice system in Queensland, publicly available coroners reports were analysed (N = 38). The findings of the study indicated psychosis and mood disorders were the most common diagnosis in incarcerated PSMD deaths, and suicide was the most common cause of death for incarcerated PSMDs. Within incarcerated settings, access to healthcare records, medication compliance, risk assessment and monitoring, and safe housing of at‐risk prisoners may be potential areas to explore with regard to prevention. Similarly, PSMD DAPCs were more likely to be experiencing mood or psychosis disorders than other forms of mental disorder, and suicide and police shootings were the most common causes of death. In PSMD DAPC, inadequate mental health access, treatment noncompliance and comorbid substance use were included as potential areas that could direct research efforts toward prevention.  相似文献   
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