人类命运共同体构想的三维审思：逻辑起点·现实基点·思想源点

人类命运共同体构想作为马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果，是在积极反思人类生存现状的基础之上，对世界未来发展形态的一种前瞻性擘画。总体观之，作为“类”存在的人的主体自觉以及马克思主义“类”思想是人类命运共同体构想的逻辑基点， 现代“人类交往”方式的演进与普遍发展是人类命运共同体构想的现实基点，中国传统文化中的“和合”理念是人类命运共同体构想的思想源点。逻辑起点、现实基点与思想源点共同构成人类命运共同体构想的生成之源，对其系统、深入的阐释与审思则是我们学习、领悟、实践这一伟大构想的重要环节。     

“人类命运共同体”语境下国际法价值理性的增进

国际法在长期的实践当中存在着价值理性弱化的困境，价值理性的趋弱使得国际社会忽视国际法在国际治理中的地位，人类命运共同体理念的出世为国际法价值理性的增进带来曙光。当前人类命运共同体理念已初具影响力，国内政策报告已有初步的系统阐述，该理念在联合国决议中多次出现，表明人类命运共同体在为国际法提供"价值指向"方面有极大的发展潜力。人类命运共同体语言系统中的诸多表述对于国际法价值理性的增进皆有启示意义，从内部形态塑造来看，该理念对于"善治"价值中的"合法性""善意遵守"皆有指导性的表述，从外部环境改良来看，该理念可与"合作"价值下的风险防范、角色定位两方面相联结。为确立具备可操作性的国际法价值理性增进路径，中国、国际组织乃至全球国家都需要扮演好相应的角色，为在人类命运共同体指引下增进国际法的价值理性而努力。     

现代汉语自足句中谓语动词时间属性的凸显

谓语动词所隐含的时间属性是句子中重要的“量”,谓语动词时间属性的凸显关系到谓语信息量的自足。在现代汉语中,时间名词作为宏观时间系统的主要成员可以直接表示时间属性。时间副词和动态助词作为微观时间系统的成员则以模糊的量凸显动作的时间属性,此外,趋向动词以及补语都是凸显谓语动词时间属性的重要语法成分。     

Improved functional portmanteau tests

Functional time series is a popular method of forecasting in functional data analysis. The Box-Jenkins methodology for model building, with the aim of forecasting, includes three iterative steps of model identification, parameter estimation and diagnostic checking. Portmanteau tests are one of the most popular diagnostic checking tools. In particular, they are applied to find if the residuals of the fitted model are white noise. Gabrys and Kokoszka [Portmanteau test of independence for functional observations. J Am Stat Assoc. 2007;102(480):1338–1348.] proposed a portmanteau test of independence for functional observation based on Box and Pierce's statistic. Their statistic is too sensitive to the lag value, specially when the sample size is small. Here, two modifications of Gabrys and Kokoszka statistic are presented, which have superior properties in small samples. The efficiency of the modified statistics is demonstrated through a simulation study.     

怀疑意识、主体性及其他——论孙郁鲁迅研究中的哲学视角

哲学视角是孙郁的鲁迅研究中起步早、且一以贯之的一个方向，他独创性地将鲁迅与康德进行比较，认为在强调认识的有限性这一点上，二人不乏相似性。孙郁强调怀疑意识作为鲁迅思想的“内核”，并指出其在文化史上的意义。他以“主体性”思想为参照，对鲁迅思想和作品进行了深度解读，进而指出传统的“主奴文化”是形成“相互主体性”思想的障碍。概而言之，孙郁对于哲学视角的运用，并非纯粹的知识生产，具有鲜活的生命力和学术价值。      

Children and Violence: Nurturing Social-Emotional Development to Promote Mental Health

The absence of violence against children is a fundamental children's right and a major milestone of civilized society. Similarly, reports on incidences of violence by children and youth, including severe cases with devastating consequences, speak to the need that the trauma of exposure to violence in childhood needs to be addressed. While violence and its risk factors are generally understood, what is less clear are the essential protective factors, how we can identify those as early as possible, and how we can use them to prevent and address the trauma of violence exposure in children and youth. In this report, I review pathways of child and youth violence through the lens of social-emotional development as a central protective factor. Negative emotions of frustration and anger can underlie violence and aggression. Kind emotions, such as caring and our ability to connect with others emotionally, can serve as social-emotional protective factors. A brief review of the central social-emotional processes and their development is provided, including the human capacity to feel with others and express empathy, be emotionally aware and care about the effects of one's own actions on others, and be able to regulate the self and their emotions. Given the negative widespread and long-term impact of exposure to violence, I describe research-informed attempts to prevent violence exposure across development. Taking a humanistic, strength-based perspective, the focus is on social-emotional protective factors to address violence and nurture mental health in every child. I conclude with recommendations for practice and policy.     

‘Seeing through their Eyes’: Towards Understanding Risk and Protection Perspectives of Young Bedouin Children in the Unrecognised Villages of the Naqab

This article is based on a participatory, context-informed study that examined perception of ‘risk’ and ‘protection’ among 30 Bedouin children aged four to five. It was conducted in the Bedouin unrecognised villages — Southern Israel and utilised photography, drawings and verbal explanations. The analysis yielded seven themes representing children’s perceptions of risk and protection. It indicated that children facing extreme adversity were aware of numerous risk conditions, including a lack of infrastructure and the fear of losing their homes, thus adversely affecting their well-being. Children’s insights, and suggested modes of protection, as the study findings reveal, are crucial for promoting children’s welfare.     

Regulation and the future of work: The employment relationship as an innovation facilitator

Digital transformation and the reorganization of the firm have given rise to new forms of work that diverge significantly from the standard employment relationship. Advocates of digital disruption suggest that the existing legal framework cannot accommodate “innovative” working templates and business models. This article, however, argues that labour regulation can continue to facilitate innovation, presenting the employment relationship as a flexible instrument, and standard forms of employment as the means of achieving efficiencies and cost advantages. First, they allow for the full exercise of managerial prerogative and attendant internal flexibility in workforce deployment, and, second, they constitute an effective device to deliver training and develop skills.     

From Adaptivity to Adaptation: Examining the Career Construction Model of Adaptation

The author examined a multiple mediation model and a moderation model for the relationships among adaptivity (in terms of future work self and proactivity), career adaptability, adapting responses (in terms of career decision self-efficacy [CDSE] and career engagement), and adaptation (in the form of academic satisfaction) among 282 university students. Results showed that career adaptability, CDSE, and career engagement fully mediated the relations of future work self and proactivity with academic satisfaction. Career adaptability also had a mediation role in the relationships of future work self and proactivity with CDSE and career engagement. The relationship between career adaptability and academic satisfaction was fully mediated by CDSE and career engagement. Career adaptability did not moderate the relationships between adaptivity indices and adapting indices. These results support the serial multiple mediation model, which is introduced in the adaptation model. Career education and career coaching could improve clients' agency through working on their self-regulation resources, self-efficacy beliefs, and overt career behaviors.     

Optimization problems for consecutive-2-out-of-n:G system

Abstract

This paper considers the optimization problems for a consecutive-2-out-of-n:G system where n is considered to be fixed or random. When the number of components is constant, the optimal number of components and the optimal replacement time are discussed by minimizing the expected cost rates. Furthermore, we focus on the above discussions again when n is a random variable. We give an approximate value of MTTF and propose the preventive replacement policy, respectively.