滑坡的成因及其危害分析

给出了滑坡的定义和滑坡的分类,研究了滑坡的形成条件,讨论了滑坡所造成的危害,为滑坡治理打下必要的理论基础。     

外来物种入侵的生态危害

外来物种是指某种生物从原来的分布区域扩展到了一个新的地区,在新的区域里进行繁殖扩散并维持下去。这些外来物种会对入侵地的生态环境及生物多样性造成极其严重的威胁和破坏。     

论"官本位"意识的产生及危害

“官本位”意识的产生与封建等级制度密切相关 ,其思想基础就是封建等级观念。“官本位”意识是官僚主义、形式主义的思想根源。要刹住官僚主义、形式主义这两股歪风 ,必须采取有力措施消除“官本位”意识     

驳精神损害赔偿限额论

精神损害赔偿的主要功能在于填补受害人因此而受到的损害,使其得到抚慰,以便能开始新生活。因此,精神损害赔偿应本着“全面赔偿损害”的原则,不能脱离实际人为地限定数额。     

Understanding end-user perspectives to enhance perceived value uptake of harm-minimization tools: considering gambler’s views of a pre-commitment system

Harm-minimization strategies reduce the experience of gambling-related harms for individuals and those close to them. Most policies and particularly discussions of tool design and implementation fail to involve end users and consider their concerns and needs. This study aimed to investigate the best way to introduce a harm-minimization tool for electronic gaming machines (EGMs) that will maximize the perceived value and subsequent uptake by the intended audience of gamblers. Focus groups were conducted with 31 Australian regular EGM gamblers experiencing a range of gambling problems. Participants were asked their perspectives of a pre-commitment system (features including accessing activity statements, setting limits, viewing dynamic messages, taking breaks), including concerns, and how to enhance perceived value and usefulness. Positive attitudes about the system were expressed; however, many gamblers saw the tool as relevant only for problem gamblers. Participants indicated that value could be enhanced by making the system flexible and customizable, but still easy to use. Design and implementation strategies such as incorporating flexibility in features, ease of use, appropriate terminology, and educational efforts may address gamblers’ concerns, particularly regarding privacy and potential stigma. This would enhance user perception of harm-minimization tools as relevant and may subsequently enhance effectiveness.     

Reconciling care and justice in contesting social harm through performance and arts practice with looked after children and care leavers

The proportion of young people taken into the care of the state has increased recently and there is evidence that this social group suffer negative long‐term outcomes that might be conceptualised by the emergent criminological category of ‘social harm’. Debates in social work around an ethics of care and justice offer different ways of thinking about responding to social harm. This paper reports findings from an innovative arts‐based intervention with Looked After Children and young people and concludes that holding these competing value sets in creative tension is central to the success of the programme in helping young people to cope with and contest social harm.     

Fighting with Oneself to Maintain the Interaction Order: A Sociological Approach to Self‐Injury Daily Process

This article proposes an interactionist approach to self‐injury behavior in youth. Mostly based on in‐depth interviews with seventy people who self‐harm or who have self‐harmed at some point in their lives, it describes the process of daily self‐injuring. It shows that this practice consists less in the self‐harm in itself than in a liminal emotional state, composed of several successive steps, and that self‐injury makes sense because concerned individuals subjectively see it as the most practical of known activities for releasing emotional troubles, then maintaining the interaction order surrounding them.     

论美国保护预备被监护人权益的基本原则

预备被监护人是指即将被安排监护的当事人.经过十余年改革,美国成年监护制度形成了保护预备被监护人权益的一系列基本原则.这些原则包括:"实质性损害"标准、最小限制性替代措施、"功能性行为能力"标准、正当程序原则.我国成年监护制度立法理念相对落后,借鉴美国的成功经验来重构和完善我国的成年监护制度具有重要意义.     

新生代农民工社会情绪的危害与对策

新生代农民工是我国产业工人群体的重要组成部分,由于体制和制度等原因,新生代农民工不满情绪压抑在内心深处,形成怨恨。造成新生代农民工怨恨感的原因是多方面的：从社会分层理论看,新生代农民工属于社会下层;从社会身份理论看,新生代农民工属于“边缘人”;从社会交往理论看,新生代农民工仍是初级交往为主;从受教育程度看,新生代农民工文化水平普遍较低。怨恨感的压抑会带来一系列的社会危害：伤害农民工自我心灵,阻碍社会进步;引起农民工思想混乱,导致群体性事件的发生;降低政府公信力,削弱社会的整合能力和动员能力。在此提出化解农民工怨恨感的对策建议：提升农民工的社会政治地位,加强对新生代农民工的人文关怀;进一步提高农民工的工资待遇,切实保障其合法权益;完善农民工就业培训,增强其社会竞争力。