Partial Identification of Economic Mobility: With an Application to the United States

Abstract

The economic mobility of individuals and households is of fundamental interest. While many measures of economic mobility exist, reliance on transition matrices remains pervasive due to simplicity and ease of interpretation. However, estimation of transition matrices is complicated by the well-acknowledged problem of measurement error in self-reported and even administrative data. Existing methods of addressing measurement error are complex, rely on numerous strong assumptions, and often require data from more than two periods. In this article, we investigate what can be learned about economic mobility as measured via transition matrices while formally accounting for measurement error in a reasonably transparent manner. To do so, we develop a nonparametric partial identification approach to bound transition probabilities under various assumptions on the measurement error and mobility processes. This approach is applied to panel data from the United States to explore short-run mobility before and after the Great Recession.     

Neighborhood change from the bottom Up: What are the determinants of social distance between new and prior residents?

An important source of neighborhood change occurs when there is a turnover in the housing unit due to residential mobility and the new residents differ from the prior residents based on socio-demographic characteristics (what we term social distance). Nonetheless, research has typically not asked which characteristics explain transitions with higher social distance based on a number of demographic dimensions. We explore this question using American Housing Survey data from 1985 to 2007, and focus on instances in which the prior household moved out and is replaced by a new household. We focus on four key characteristics for explaining this social distance: the type of housing unit, the age of the housing unit, the length of residence of the exiting household, and the crime and social disorder in the neighborhood. We find that transitions in the oldest housing units and for the longest tenured residents result in the greatest amount of social distance between new and prior residents, implying that these transitions are particularly important for fostering neighborhood socio-demographic change. The results imply micro-mechanisms at the household level that might help explain net change at the neighborhood level.     

单位词用法探析

以单位词为中心词的名词词组的深层结构决定单位词的语法特征和语义特征。该深层结构多半可以通过单位词的转换功能映现为主动句或被动句的表层结构。在表层结构中,主语名词除去语法形位后的最后一个音节和谓语动词的第一个音段的组合在语音上是可接纳的。     

Projective Identification as a Contributor to Domestic Violence

Many explanations have been given as to why men batter. Rarely are deep unconscious intrapsychic processes identified as contributing reasons. One way that violent men may use their partner to fill emotional needs is through the primitive defense of projective identification. Projective identification may be invoked by men to induce the other partner to carry split off threatening parts of the self that are too anxiety provoking to retain. The occurrence of projective identification could therefore be an important intrapsychic and interpersonal dynamic that contributes to the escalation of tension prior to the violent episode.     

凯瑟琳爱情悲剧动因解析

凯瑟琳是《呼啸山庄》的女主角,凯瑟琳的爱是灵魂与肉体相脱离的情爱,充满不可调和的矛盾与冲突。她对希克厉的爱是精神之爱、灵魂之爱、自恋之爱,而对林敦的爱是肉体之爱、物化之爱、补偿之爱。凯瑟琳接受并爱着两个性格迥异的痴心汉,其对情爱的贪欲超过其心理承受的载荷,令其心理冲突绵延不辍。在两极爱欲的矛盾悖谬中,她忍受着精神的自我摧残,不只酿就了爱情悲剧,而且最终招致肉体的过早销亡。     

存储区域网络iSCSI协议的通信机制研究

介绍了存储区域网络主要采用的组网协议,包括FC协议、FCIP协议、iFCP协议和iSCSI协议,着重研究了一种利用TCP/IPI网组建存储区域网络的协议-iSCSI协议,分析了iSCSI协议的通信机制,比较了在IP网络上实现iSCSI协议通信的3种方法,开发了一种iSCSI协议数据单元与TCP数据帧间的接口算法及其硬件设计,并用 VHDL语言成功进行了行为级的仿真。     

论华中抗日根据地基层政权的民主选举—以乡选为中心的考察

为从根本上改造基层政权,中国共产党领导下的华中抗日根据地广泛开展了一场轰轰烈烈的民主选举运动。根据地颁布了一系列法令、条例,使选举规范化;人民群众在实践中也充分发挥智慧创造了适合自己的选举方式。选举体现了广泛性、平等性、真实性的特点。这一运动使基层政权性质彻底改变,为争取抗战乃至整个新民主主义革命的胜利提供了重要保证。     

美国与英国公益性科技管理体系研究

从国家科技管理机构、科研体系及公共科研成果转化三个方面分析美国和英国的公益性科技管理制度及其发展变化.随着经济全球化和知识自由流动的发展,科学技术在国家经济发展与社会进步方面的作用越来越大,政府在科技管理上的职能与地位也随之发生变化,总的来说是由原来的主要资助者和实施者转变为催化者和促进者.     

建设学习型单位 实现跨越式发展

创建学习型社会,要从每一个单位具体做起。建设学习型单位,基础是建设学习型组织,核心是构筑终身学习体系;保证是建立相应的运行机制。     

物流成本对国际贸易影响的实证分析

多年来中美贸易发展迅速 ,美国成为我国主要出口国家。当今形势下 ,物流成本成为影响中美贸易的主要因素 ;借助计量经济学方法 ,定量地探讨了物流成本对两国贸易尤其是我国出口贸易的影响。