Loner or team player: How firms allocate orchestrator tasks amongst ecosystem actors

Ecosystems have become a major trend in research and practice alike. Within an ecosystem, the so-called orchestrator is considered to be one of the most important roles. However, extant research falls short of explaining how and why this orchestrator role and the resulting tasks of orchestration are allocated to specific ecosystem members. Based on a case study with eight cases, this paper aims to shed light on this crucial question. Our results revealed three basic patterns of ecosystem orchestration: single-, double-, and multi-orchestration ecosystems. These were determined by two key contingencies: production related knowledge and consumption related knowledge. This discovery yields several contributions to research and managerial practice. We show whether, and under which circumstances, orchestrators might include other ecosystem participants in the key tasks of orchestration. We demonstrate how orchestrators allocate these tasks to specific participants in the ecosystem. Furthermore, our results shed light on how orchestrators manage their ecosystem partners and secure their position within the ecosystem. And finally, we introduce a new view on the role of the orchestrator.     

Does performance management affect nurses’ well-being?

AimThis article focuses on employee performance-management practices in the healthcare sector. We specifically aim to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of employee performance-management practices on affective well-being of nurses in hospitals. Theory suggests that the features of employee-performance management (planning and evaluation of individual performances) predict affective well-being (in this study: job satisfaction and affective commitment).MethodsPerformance-management planning and evaluation and affective well-being were drawn from a survey of nurses at a Flemish hospital. Separate estimations were performed for different aspects of affective well-being.ResultsPerformance planning has a negative effect on job satisfaction of nurses. Both vertical alignment and satisfaction with the employee performance-management system increase the affective well-being of nurses; however, the impact of vertical alignment differs for different aspects of affective well-being (i.e. job satisfaction and affective commitment).ConclusionPerformance-management planning and evaluation of nurses are associated with attitudinal outcomes. The results indicate that employee performance-management features have different impacts on different aspects of well-being.     

‘Rachel's not here’: Constructed dialogue in gossip

Sociolinguistic research has demonstrated that gossip is a co‐constructed phenomenon, which allows participants to establish solidarity and build alignments with each other, while evaluating an absent party. Gossip can also serve important social functions, such as helping to establish and reconfirm group norms and values. The present study provides a detailed analysis of an extended gossip episode that occurred within an institutional context: a study group interaction at a U.S. university. Our analysis shows how, in gossip, constructed dialogue both prompts and legitimizes pejorative evaluations towards an absent third party, and is actually the pivot around which group members negotiate values and norms in the process of arriving at a shared moral stance. Our analysis also demonstrates that alignment in gossip interactions is tenuous and must be continuously renewed.     

Extended pairwise local alignment of wild card DNA/RNA sequences using dynamic programming

Optimal string alignment is used to discover evolutionary relationships or mutations in DNA/RNA or protein sequences. Errors, missing parts or uncertainty in such a sequence can be covered with wild cards, so-called wild bases. This makes an alignment possible even when the data are corrupted or incomplete. The extended pairwise local alignment of wild card DNA/RNA sequences requires additional calculations in the dynamic programming algorithm and necessitates a subsequent best- and worst-case analysis for the wild card positions. In this paper, we propose an algorithm which solves the problem of input data wild cards, offers a highly flexible set of parameters and displays a detailed alignment output and a compact representation of the mutated positions of the alignment. An implementation of the algorithm can be obtained at https://github.com/sysbio-bioinf/swat+ and http://sysbio.uni-ulm.de/?Software:Swat+.     

Investor commitment to serial entrepreneurs: A multilayer network analysis

Social networks are complex systems composed of interdependent organizations and people with diverse network structures. Understanding network dynamics, such as exchange commitment, requires a methodological toolkit that does not assume away complexity. In this study, we extend a technique for analyzing longitudinal, multilayer network data called network alignment. We introduce a novel metric – intersect proportions – for analyzing similarity between divergent graphs. We demonstrate the application of network alignment and intersect proportions to the context of investor commitment to startups and entrepreneurs. Using this technique, we are able to disentangle exchange commitment across complex networks.     

台湾个人资料保护法要述

个人资料保护是落实资讯时代隐私权保护的最重要事项之一。经过从1995年8月制定公布＂电脑处理个人资料保护法＂,到2010年4月大幅修订的漫长历程,台湾个人资料保护的努力,终于有了进一步的成果。然而,新修订的法律仍没能跟上科技发展的脚步。     

网络时代高等学校加强大学生爱国主义教育方式分析

网络时代的迅速到来,为高等学校开展爱国主义教育带来了新的机遇也带来了新的挑战。高等学校应该丰富网络化教育方式、充实网络化社会实践内容、提升教育者的主导性地位、加强用中国特色社会主义核心价值体系引领大学生爱国主义意识。关注大学生个性特点和个人成长,通过多种途径来推动高等学校网络化教育进程,不断提高大学生爱国主义教育的实效性。     

基因发现成果可专利性法律分析

生物技术的蓬勃发展给专利法律制度提出了诸多挑战,专利制度及其理论应针对现实情况作出适时的调整和完善。从社会公众利益及产业发展角度而言,不应当授予基因序列的发现成果以专利权;从产业技术诉求及实用性角度考量,应当授予功能基因的揭示以专利权。我国知识产权立法应针对生物技术的现实发展作出相应的调整。     

Making international aid effective: An agenda for aligning aid to social business

In the context of heightened interest in social business and a renewed focus on the performance of international aid, this article explores the role and place of aid in addressing poverty in relation to the rapidly growing social business regime. Research on the subject is surprisingly limited. The article begins by operationalizing the key concepts, and developing a conceptual framework by exploring the possible nexus points between aid alignment and social business. It then addresses a number of key dimensions of aid; notably, a comparative account of possible aid investment in social business vis‐à‐vis conventional projects and private sector enterprises; an examination of the realities on the ground of the social business projects; and policy implications of the study together with some recommendations.     

网络语境下大学生身心现代化的行为模式和路径选择

人的现代化是一个紧跟时代发展的过程。大学生身心素质现代化必须适应网络技术的特点和要求，有效使用信息技术，提高信息素养；利用网络技术学会学习、学会处理虚拟社会的关系和现实社会关系的冲突；树立圆融意识，正确处理大学校园内的各种文化冲突；树立发展意识，与时俱进，使自己的现代化真正成为一个动态的、具有鲜明时代特性的过程。