Development of an Asset Value Map for Disaster Risk Assessment in China by Spatial Disaggregation Using Ancillary Remote Sensing Data

The extent of economic losses due to a natural hazard and disaster depends largely on the spatial distribution of asset values in relation to the hazard intensity distribution within the affected area. Given that statistical data on asset value are collected by administrative units in China, generating spatially explicit asset exposure maps remains a key challenge for rapid postdisaster economic loss assessment. The goal of this study is to introduce a top‐down (or downscaling) approach to disaggregate administrative‐unit level asset value to grid‐cell level. To do so, finding the highly correlated “surrogate” indicators is the key. A combination of three data sets—nighttime light grid, LandScan population grid, and road density grid, is used as ancillary asset density distribution information for spatializing the asset value. As a result, a high spatial resolution asset value map of China for 2015 is generated. The spatial data set contains aggregated economic value at risk at 30 arc‐second spatial resolution. Accuracy of the spatial disaggregation reflects redistribution errors introduced by the disaggregation process as well as errors from the original ancillary data sets. The overall accuracy of the results proves to be promising. The example of using the developed disaggregated asset value map in exposure assessment of watersheds demonstrates that the data set offers immense analytical flexibility for overlay analysis according to the hazard extent. This product will help current efforts to analyze spatial characteristics of exposure and to uncover the contributions of both physical and social drivers of natural hazard and disaster across space and time.     

新一代信息技术驱动的产品适应性创新机制

现有产品创新研究多从用户、产品以及技术单一视角出发,然而,进入数字经济时代,在新一代信息技术驱动下,产品以用户、企业、环境多维互动的方式进行创新,呈现出特有的适应性创新特征。本文采取多案例研究方法,探讨在新一代信息技术驱动下产品适应性创新的特征和实现机制。研究发现:产品适应创新具有高频互动、即时反馈、快速适应性和用户主导创新四个显著特征,形成用户、企业、产品多方互动的适应性创新实现机制。与此同时,通过案例论证以产品、场景、用户为核心特征的产品适应创新实现机制的存在性,指出其本质是深入挖掘用户需求并实现用户需求的快速匹配。     

一种疏水缔合聚合物快速溶解方法研究

研究了疏水缔合聚合物（AP–P4）经过拉伸装置后的溶解时间。结果表明，拉伸装置可以缩短疏水缔合聚合物的溶解时间；拉伸装置的最佳间距为200 μm，此时疏水缔合聚合物的溶解时间为25 min。经拉伸装置处理后的疏水缔合聚合物可以在30 min 内达到溶解；提高温度可以显著改善疏水缔合聚合物的溶解效果，缩短疏水缔合聚合物的溶解时间。     

360 Video: A prototyping process for developing virtual reality interventions

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising technological intervention for anxiety disorders. However, there are no existing standards and best practices to evaluate the effectiveness of environments to achieve their intervention goals. The purpose of this study was to develop a VR intervention for student veterans with social anxiety disorder and test feasibility utilizing a three-stage development model. The development of a therapeutic VR environment may benefit from an interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers from various fields of study. Utilizing three stages of prototyping with two virtual reality platforms, fully immersive video (n?=?6) and three-dimensional (3-D) immersive virtual reality (n?=?8), the research team designed an intervention for student veterans with social anxiety disorder, testing bio-reactivity of participants. Results of prototyping include user feedback validating increased stress levels and increased bio-reactivity specifically in galvanic skin response and heart rate elevation. Implications include the use of 360° video for prototyping 3-D virtual reality interventions.     

The roller-coaster of experiences: becoming the parent of a deaf child

When early testing indicates a hearing loss, parents find themselves on a roller-coaster of experiences leaving little time or space for reflection. This study is based on interviews with families in the Flemish region of Belgium, one of the earliest in the world to introduce universal neonatal screening for hearing loss. Starting from a phenomenological approach, we explore parents’ accounts of their experiences in order to uncover the meanings of early parenting of a child identified with a label. Soon after birth, these parents encounter a different world in which intertwined discourses construct parenthood with a deaf child. During the process of becoming a parent, representations of deafness as impairment were omnipresent. In contrast to a medical and technological perspective that insists on the need to intervene as fast as possible, it is argued that the private and social implications of rapid intervention require explicit consideration.     

《都柏林人》中的“灯”意象

在詹姆斯·乔伊斯经典短篇小说集《都柏林人》中,以“灯”为代表的诸多意象表现出极为丰富的内涵。“灯”象征着都柏林人之虚假“希望”,“灯”的缺失状态则揭示了当时都柏林人受殖民者和教会双重压迫的黑暗生活。通过对“灯”意象的阐释,能进一步展示乔伊斯运用“刻薄语体”实现创作意图的精湛写作技巧,并可表现这位自愿流放者对国人命运的终极关怀。     

熔石英损伤修复形貌对光场调制的标量衍射理论研究

熔石英表面损伤对于传输光场以及光学系统有诸多不利影响,CO2激光修复技术可以提高损伤阈值,有效地消除或减轻损伤对光路的影响.本文利用数学仿真工具MATLAB和标量衍射理论针对大尺寸高斯以及圆锥类型修复形貌(非蒸发和蒸发修复)对光调制的影响进行相应的模拟仿真计算,获得修复形貌对传输光场的调制作用以及被调制光场在修复元件下游的衍射传输情况.本研究以355nm激光为激发波长进行相应的仿真计算,分别探讨了两种修复形貌对入射光场调制的异同以及该光场被调制后对下游光传输的影响.结果表明,CO2蒸发与非蒸发技术对损伤修复形貌的光场传输有着不同的影响,传输光场的调制度随着形貌的宽深比(半径R-深度L)不同而变化.因此,适当控制修复形貌及尺寸可在有效提高熔石英激光损伤阈值的同时避免调制光强过大对下游光学元件的再次损伤,以保证激光装置稳定运行.     

基于RPi的面曝光快速成形机控制系统

为了简化面曝光快速成形机的控制系统,降低其成本,提出了一种基于树莓派( Raspberry Pi,RPi)卡片电脑的面 曝光快速成形机控制系统。系统以Raspberry Pi为控制核心,以Linux为操作系统,通过Pvthon编程控制,实现了对面曝 光快速成形机的掩模图形投影和工作台运动控制;利用接入以太网的Raspberry Pi,实现了对面曝光快速成形机的远程 登录、文件传输以及实时监控。控制系统大大减小了面曝光快速成形机的占用空间,降低了成本,且具备远程操作功能, 有利于面曝光快速成形机进入大众市场。     

对光速理论相关问题的辩证唯物主义审视

"奥佩拉"项目结果所显示中微子超光速现象,激发"反例验证"和"理论审视"两方面工作。本文主要用辩证唯物主义原则对"光速不变原理"相关概念含义进行审视,尝试从主客对应、概念指意、过程实现等角度揭示可能隐潜着的一些问题,并给出了一些可能性的"切削"。     

光波叠加研究的计算机模拟法

在光波叠加的传统方法之上推导出计算公式，用计算机高级语言来编写程序，输入内存且运行后可在屏幕上模拟显示光强分布图，而且可以实现人机对话．灵活选择不同参数，可以得到比课本上更直观更多样化的图形，在教学中起到了很好的辅助作用