从偏见视角解读医患关系

偏见是个体以不正确或不充分的信息为依据,并对其他人形成先入为主的负性判断,泛化至群体中则会表现为人们对某群体产生片面或错误的认知。文章从消极刻板印象、期望差异与归因偏差这三个角度解释了医患群体产生偏见的心理机制,在此基础上讨论偏见对医患关系造成的消极影响,并结合社会现实提出减少医患双方偏见的方法。     

Development of an urban intensity index to facilitate urban ecosystem studies in Trinidad and Tobago

Urban ecosystems, considered centres of economic, social and cultural development, face a multitude of environmental and socio-economic challenges, which impact on quality of life. Effective management of the urbanization process is believed critical to improving quality of life and realizing sustainable development. The ecosystem perspective provides a holistic approach, needed to address the complexly interconnected issues, which arise from urban development. Central to the mapping and characterization of urban ecosystems is the delineation of their boundaries, which are made less transparent by growing urbanization. This exposes the limitations of a dichotomous approach. An urban intensity index is a critical tool which supports urban ecosystem studies by facilitating analysis of effects along the urban–rural gradient. In this study, Urban Intensity is estimated and ranked from most to least intense for communities across Trinidad and Tobago, using multivariate statistical analysis of physical data from the built environment. This statistically validated index, designed for Trinidad and Tobago, should have wider applicability to other disciplines and countries.     

Alarmed: sensory approaches to improving medical alarm systems

Medical alarms sound incessantly, loudly, and dissonantly, contributing to an already noisy ICU and OR soundscape, and ultimately harming both patients and staff. Sometimes triggered in error, the sheer number of alarms distracts health care professionals and results in sensory overload that contributes to hospital staff’s alarm fatigue. In turn, staff become increasingly likely to ignore alarms instead of acting on them. Furthermore, the patients’ sensitivity to alarms disturbs their hospital stay, raises their stress levels, and impedes their recovery process, with sometimes lasting effects. This article considers the sensory effects of hospital alarms and possibilities for redesigning future alarm systems, with the goal of eventually creating a more calming, less stressful, and safer hospital soundscape environment for all.     

民营医院集团化治理的实践与体会

治理结构的不稳定?不科学是造成民营医院集团管理不利的最根本原因?文章以江苏华世伟业集团为研究对象,对其集团化发展模式进行了实证分析?江苏华世伟业集团在构建出所有权?经营权?监督权三权分立治理结构的基础上,进一步完善集团层面的集约化管理模式和医院层面的无形资产构建,对民营医疗集团制定发展模式具有普遍参考意义?     

某三甲医院员工满意度现状分析研究

目的:通过医院员工满意度现状调查,针对问题提出对策,提高员工满意度,改善医疗服务质量,为医院提高员工满意度提供决策依据。方法:采用满意度问卷调查表收集数据,采用SPSS20.0软件进行统计分析。结果:员工满意度总体情况接近比较满意水平;影响因素有工作岗位、学历水平、专业技术职称等方面。结论:医院应当关注员工满意情绪管理,建立员工满意度调查制度,关注不同影响因素和不同群体差异,以提高员工工作满意度。     

我国公立医院补偿机制转化的系统动力学分析

取消药品加成,改革以药补医机制是公立医院补偿机制改革的核心内容。文章运用系统动力学方法,通过因果关系分析明确取消药品加成后,财政补偿和医疗补偿的补偿方式和补偿依据,以及补偿不足、药品路径存在漏洞时可能会对公立医院产生的影响,最后给出结论与启示。     

新建本科院校趋同性更名的动力机制研究

对362所新建高校的更名情况进行统计,发现354所有更名经历,趋同性更名现象突显.从组织社会学视角出发,从效率机制、合法性机制和社会网络机制来解释我国新建本科院校趋同性更名的动力机制,并指出新建高校趋同性更名具有一定的合理性.     

Historic Preservation and Elementary Student Extracurricular Community Service

Elementary students survey buildings in an extracurricular community service project to learn social studies and historic preservation. From these experiences students formed values and dispositions by engaging in a constructivist process of creating knowledge by examining their community. They gathered data, transformed it into information, and shared it with the larger community. Because students learned what community means in reality, not just reading about it, they had a different understanding of how they related to the place they called home. Examining these types of questions helped elementary students have significant experiences that helped them to connect community members with the importance of place. The built environment is the context for historic structures. Student engagement with the social studies curriculum allowed them to create investigations with architecture to broaden their understanding of their world.     

Material logistics in hospitals: A literature review

Hospital material management has been identified as one key cost containment lever to cope with steadily increasing healthcare costs in industrialized countries. The purpose of this work is to present the state-of-the-art of research on material logistics management in hospitals. Particular focus is given to articles that apply quantitative methods. Our contribution is threefold: First, we provide research guidance through categorizing literature and identifying major research streams. Second, we discuss applied methodologies and third, we identify future research directions. A systematic approach is undertaken in order to identify the relevant literature from 1998 to 2014. Applicable publications are categorized thematically and methodologically and future research opportunities are worked out. In total, 145 publications are identified and discussed in this work. The literature is categorized into four streams, i.e., (1) Supply and procurement, (2) Inventory management, (3) Distribution and scheduling, and (4) Holistic supply chain management. The use of optimization techniques is constantly gaining importance. The number of respective publications has continually grown and has peaked over the last three years. Optimization has been successfully applied in research streams (1), (2), and (3). Category (4) comprises a rather qualitative research field of literature dealing with supply chain management issues.