Uncertainty and the Second Space: Modern Birth Timing and the Dilemma of Education

This paper focuses on the relationship between experiential and statistical uncertainties in the timing of births in Cameroon (Central Africa). Most theories of fertility level and change emphasize the emergence of parity-specific control, treating desired family size as both central, and stable across the life course. By contrast, this paper argues for a theory of reproduction that emphasizes process, social context, and contingency. The paper concentrates on the second birth interval, showing that it is longer and more variable among educated than among uneducated women. The paper argues that this difference is due to the specific forms of uncertainty associated with education in contemporary Cameroon.     

Least significant spacing for ‘one versus the rest’ normal populations

Consider sample means from k(≥2) normal populations where the variances and sample sizes are equal. The problem is to find the ‘least significant difference’ or ‘spacing’ (LSS) between the two largest means, so that if an observed spacing is larger we have confidence 1 - α that the population with largest sample mean also has the largest population mean.

When the variance is known it is shown that the maximum LSS occurs when k = 2, provided a < .2723. In other words, for any value of k we may use the usual (one-tailed) least significant difference to demonstrate that one population has a population mean greater than (or equal to) the rest.

When the variance is estimated bounds are obtained for the confidence which indicate that this last result is approximately correct.     

行向、行距对小麦田间光照及产量的影响

以锦麦 2 6 9为试材进行不同行向、行距试验 ,结果表明 :通辽地区采用东西行向种植较南北行向种植群体受光好、产量高 ,适当扩大行距有利于提高单产降低成本     

特低渗透油藏合理井距确定新方法

注采井距是影响特低渗透油藏开发效果的关键，目前主要根据渗透率和启动压力梯度大小来确定。阐述了这种方法的局限性，根据物理模拟实验分析了启动压力梯度和应力敏感系数的变化规     

Optimum spacings for the joint estimation and tests of hypothesis of location and scale parameters of the cauchy distribution

A simultaneous test for the location and scale parameters of the Cauchy distribution is considered based on selected order statistics.. It is shown that optimum spacings that maximise the Pitman ARE of the test coincide with that of the optimum spacings for the estimation problem.     

住宅小区空间环境设计探讨

介绍了住宅小区空间环境组成的几个要素及各要素之间的关系 ,从多个方面阐述了如何提高住宅小区空间环境设计水平。     

传感器个数及距离对盲分离影响的分析

在使用盲分离技术进行信号处理时,分离高频信号和低频信号对传感器分布的要求是不同的,而传统的方法在处理高低频混合信号时采用了统一的模式,得不到很好的分离效果。为了在采用盲分离技术进行高低频混合信号处理时能得到更好的效果,文章对传感器个数和距离对盲信号分离的影响进行了深入的分析,并提出了一种能有效处理高频和低频混合信号的模型——分离子系统模型。该模型可以根据频段对传感器距离进行调整,分别对高、低频混合信号进行分离。通过实验证明分离效果更好。     

Modelling period fertility: Schooling and intervals following a birth in Eastern Africa

We describe a regression-based approach to the modelling of age-, order-, and duration-specific period fertility, using retrospective survey data. The approach produces results that are free of selection biases and can be used to study differential fertility. It is applied to Demographic and Health Survey data for Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe to investigate differential trends in fertility by education. Parity progression fell and the intervals following each birth lengthened between the 1970s and 2000s in all four countries. Fertility fell most among women with secondary education. In contrast to other world regions, postponement of successive births for extended periods accounted for much of the initial drop in fertility in these African countries. However, family size limitation by women with secondary education in Ethiopia and Kenya and longer birth spacing in Zimbabwe also played significant roles. Thus, birth control is being adopted in Eastern Africa in response to diverse changes in fertility preferences.     

Parameter estimation of three-parameter Weibull distribution based on progressively Type-II censored samples

In this paper, the estimation of parameters for a three-parameter Weibull distribution based on progressively Type-II right censored sample is studied. Different estimation procedures for complete sample are generalized to the case with progressively censored data. These methods include the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs), corrected MLEs, weighted MLEs, maximum product spacing estimators and least squares estimators. We also proposed the use of a censored estimation method with one-step bias-correction to obtain reliable initial estimates for iterative procedures. These methods are compared via a Monte Carlo simulation study in terms of their biases, root mean squared errors and their rates of obtaining reliable estimates. Recommendations are made from the simulation results and a numerical example is presented to illustrate all of the methods of inference developed here.