为合法经营活动而侵犯公民个人信息的刑法规制

最高人民法院、最高人民检察院《关于办理侵犯公民个人信息刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第六条对为合法经营活动而侵犯公民个人信息行为进行独立规制,是新型犯罪罪状表述抽象化与罪状解释具体化、信息时代信息价值多元化与危害行为多样化、现代社会犯罪治理精细化与刑法评价精准化的内在要求.为合法经营活动而侵犯公民个人信息行为相关规范要素中的“为合法经营活动”应理解为主观超过要素,“获利五万元”应作严格解释,“曾因侵犯公民个人信息”应作广义解释,“其他情节严重”应包括信息数量标准.     

Digital learning across cultures: an account of activity theory

ABSTRACT

This paper explores a teaching and learning process as it unfolds in an online offshore classroom. The paper reports on teaching and learning narratives distilled from different cultures, namely the cultures of educators and students in the context of digital learning environments. Drawing on activity theory as a conceptual framework to analyse the narrative, we employ self-study as a methodological tool for capturing the dynamism and complexities that unravel in intercultural and technology-enabled teaching activities. The framework explores the relationships, tensions and opportunities of diverse activity elements that constitute the design and delivery of digital pedagogies. In the networked intercultural system, sustaining the position of activity elements and the specific relational circuit that they institutionalise is a key task for understanding digital technologies as an influential tool for effective learning and teaching practices. We argue that seeing the digital platform from the perspective of its role in creating dynamic interrelationships in a complex activity system is one way to move beyond the cultural confines of any particular element in the system.     

Intergenerational Activities that Promote Engaging Conversations are Preferred among Young and Older Adults

ABSTRACT

Loneliness negatively affects young and older adults. Intergenerational activities foster social connectedness. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, this study explored which intergenerational activities are most enjoyable for college students and retirement community residents. Demographics, loneliness, enjoyment, conversation level, and type of activity were analyzed. The enjoyment and conversation variables were positively correlated (r = .59, p < .001) which was supported by participants’ narratives. Both populations most enjoyed the activities with higher conversation levels, with the first being committees, followed by meals, one on one activities, and transportation. Retirement communities and universities should promote intergenerational activities, which include meaningful conversations.     

亲子关系与小班幼儿焦虑的关系——以沈阳、辽阳和郑州三个城市幼儿园为例

采用赵婷婷等人修订的《亲子关系调查问卷》和Spence学前儿童焦虑量表,对沈阳市、辽阳市、郑州市三座城市的普通幼儿园344名小班幼儿的亲子关系与其焦虑的关系进行了调查测量研究,主要发现：1）小班幼儿亲子关系发展不存在显著的性别差异；而独生子女和非独生子女在亲子关系中亲密性这一维度上呈显著性差异，即独生子女的得分较高。2）幼儿焦虑中的分离焦虑这一维度存在着显著的性别差异，即女孩得分显著高于男孩；独生子女与非独生子女在强迫冲动障碍这一维度上呈显著性差异，即独生子女得分较高。3）亲子关系中要求性、反应性和亲密性因子与幼儿焦虑总分呈显著相关，其亲密性对幼儿焦虑有极其显著的正向预测作用。     

“生存”与“自由”:“感性活动”的辩证实质与时代价值

“感性活动”是马克思主义唯物史观的基本范畴。经创造性继承费尔巴哈“感性对象”原则与黑格尔否定的辩证法，马克思阐发了“感性活动”的物质基础与能动原则，赋予其三重规定：为生存资料需要的物质生产活动、形成社会关系社会矛盾的物质交往活动、为个性自由推翻现实矛盾的革命改造活动。马克思将人的“需要”机制作为推动和创造原则论证了感性活动从“生存”到“自由”的辩证运动过程，从而揭开了整个社会历史形成与发展之谜，确立了其哲学的实践基础，实现了对唯心主义和直观唯物主义的整体超越。而对感性活动进行生存、反思与自由的当代诠释，是为新时代中国特色社会主义主要矛盾论断找到重要哲学支撑，这既从学理上丰富了马克思主义，印证了不平衡不充分发展的特殊历史性，又在实践层面预示了实现美好生活需要的必然性，为社会创造活动提供了精神动力。     

学前数学活动中的元认知教学行为和话语分析

元认知发展是学前儿童发展的核心之一。通过对学前教师在数学活动中的元认知教学行为和话语进行个案观察和 分析，可以发现相关教学现状不够理想，主要源于教师元认知意识及相关知识或技能不足，同时也是教学客观条件所限。     

Do All Activities “Weigh” Equally? How Different Physical Activities Differ as Predictors of Weight

In Britain, it is recommended that, to stay healthy, adults should do 150 minutes of moderate‐intensity physical activity every week. The recommendations provided by the U.K. government, however, remain silent in regard to the type of activity that should be done. Using the annual Health Survey for England we compare how different types of physical activities predict a person's weight. In particular, we consider clinically measured body mass index and waist circumference. We document mean slopes emanating from ordinary least squares regressions with these measures as the dependent variables. We show that individuals who walk at a brisk or fast pace are more likely to have a lower weight when compared to individuals doing other activities. Additionally, we highlight that the association between physical activity and weight is stronger for females and individuals over the age of 50. Our overall conclusions are robust to a number of specifications.     

跨界族群视阈下的俾路支问题研究

跨界俾路支族群是伴随欧洲的殖民扩张和势力范围的强行划分逐步出现的,并随着真正意义上具有独立主权的巴基斯坦、伊朗、阿富汗等民族国家的建立而正式固定化。对俾路支族群自身而言,作为各国内部的少数群体,都面临政治参与度低、经济贫瘠、文化落后等一系列族群发展的本质性问题。从民族国家层面来看,俾路支族群分离主义主导下俾路支人跨界联合,将促生一个潜在区域性国际关系行为体的形成,这对民族国家的政治版图构成极大的威胁与挑战。就地区安全形势而言,俾路支叛乱组织发动的恐怖主义活动日益猖狂,对中巴经济走廊的建设带来消极影响。从全球性问题的角度看,跨界俾路支人聚居区已成为毒品贩运和难民非法偷渡的天然门户,这不仅严重影响着国际社会的安全,也引发了严峻的国际人道主义危机。正确区分俾路支民众的合理诉求与叛乱分子的分离主义动机,高度重视俾路支部落首领的作用,切实构建一个容纳俾路支人的命运共同体,是跨界俾路支族群问题治理的最佳路径。     

CLASS视角下幼儿园中班早期阅读活动中师幼互动现状分析

为深入探究中班早期阅读活动中师幼互动的现状,本研究基于CLASS 课堂评估系统对福州市A 园中班早期阅读活动 的师幼互动情况进行了观察与评定并利用SPSS22.0 进行数据分析。结果发现：中班早期阅读活动中师幼互动整体水平处于中 等,没有达到较高水平。基于此,围绕三大领域提出可行性的教育建议:提供积极的情感支持、提高班级管理的水平、提供有效 的教学支持,从而切实提高中班早期阅读活动中师幼互动的质量。