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1.
通过构建一个农民工追求跨期效用最大化的OLG模型,理论分析了均衡条件下农民工收入及风险偏好因素对其养老保险参与决策的影响;基于全国31个省市的调查数据,利用双变量Probit模型实证分析了个人与家庭特征、收入与土地、务工状况与预期等因素对农民工养老保险参与决策的影响。结果表明:务工与务农收入对农民工参与养老保险决策的影响并不显著,而恩格尔系数和非收入性因素却大多显著地影响了农民工的参保决策。为此,一方面,要提高农民工的收入水平、生活宽裕程度和支付能力,使之更有意愿和能力参与养老保险;另一方面,要增强农民工对未来生活确定性的预期和安全感,使之参与养老保险的水平得以提高。  相似文献   
2.
Based on data received from pension supervisory authorities, the article reviews 85 different pension schemes in 44 jurisdictions by looking at fees and charges as well as their legal ceilings and their development since 2014. A key finding is the observed decrease in fees and caps. The article presents jurisdictions according to clusters, i.e. by groups of countries with identical or very similar items already covered by pension fees, and analyses the extent to which various cost and fee elements are covered by fees charged to members. Finally, we calculate charge ratios for each cluster to quantify the impact of fees and charges on pension savings. Occupational defined contribution pension schemes and personal plans linked to employment tend to be much more cost effective than personal schemes that have no direct employment link.  相似文献   
3.
中国养老金制度经过近30多年来的深刻变革,从自我封闭的单位保障制走向开放式的社会保险制、从少数人的专利发展成为全体老年人的共同福祉、从单一责任主体走向多方分担责任、从单一层次走向多层次化,成为惠及所有老年人的社会保障制度,符合全球养老金制度发展的潮流与客观规律。但目前存在的理论认识误区、制度不统一、政策参数僵化、补充层次缺失及其导致的筹资失衡、待遇不公、预期紊乱、可持续性弱化和社会风险累积等问题正在日益显性化。这表明其仍是质量不高的制度安排。因此,中国养老金制度亟待走出逻辑混乱的思维定势与传统的路径依赖,通过明确公平建制理念、加快制度统一步伐、调适筹资责任分担机制、赋予相关参数弹性空间、理性推动多层次化等举措来为参与主体各方提供清晰稳定的预期,实现制度定型和高质量发展。  相似文献   
4.
The objective of this article is to analyse the performance of Ecuador’s pension system and the challenges it will face in the future. Over the last 13 years, the pension system has made significant advances in terms of coverage and adequacy. However, demographic ageing is straining the financial sustainability of the contributory scheme. In this context, a number of public policy areas are identified, in terms of parameters and structures, which, together with the expansion of non-contributory coverage, could provide a more equitable and sustainable scheme.  相似文献   
5.
随着中国经济市场化改革的进一步深化,作为养老保障的第二支柱,中国的职业年金制度终将被整合构建起来。本文从职业年金概念的辨析开始,采用文献研究法梳理出职业年金制整合设计的几个基本问题。并有针对性地提出将职业年金制设计为:企业、机关事业单位等作为雇主参与职业年金筹资;筹资模式采用基金制的缴费确定型计划;缴费率目标值设定为由雇主和雇员共同承担10%~15%,且替代率目标值设定为40%~50%;职业年金基金实行市场化运作。  相似文献   
6.
Children taken into care and custody are arguably the most vulnerable and problematic groups within the wider debate and responses developing to the ‘troubled families’ agenda in England. They represent what the state most wants to avoid when it intervenes in the life of a family. This paper is based on an analysis of the service involvement and needs of the 196 children taken into care or custody over a 3‐year period (2008–2011) in one city local authority in England. The research was undertaken to inform the response to prevention of entry into care and custody which was the original focus of the most intensive part of the troubled families programme in the city. Interviews with 10 senior professionals from a range of agencies involved in setting up this local programme, explored the way the emerging troubled families agenda was shaping ideas about the understanding of and response to the needs of these children and their families. Key findings of the study illustrate the range and complexity of need as well as the sequence and amount of agency involvement. Professionals were often critical of the thinking behind the troubled families agenda, but were positive and creative about new ways of working with these families.  相似文献   
7.
目的:以南京市晨光医院康复护理中心为例,调查研究医生?护士?护工的基本情况?稳定性及入住者满意度,探索二级医院实施医养结合养老模式的可行性?方法:采用深入访谈法?随机抽样调查法,对南京市晨光医院康复护理中心的医护人员?护工及入住者进行问卷调查,对所得数据采用SPSS20.0进行描述性统计分析和t检验?结果:入住者多为高龄老人且患有多种疾病,对医养结合养老模式的总体满意度为95.0%,其中对收费?医生的服务及技术的满意度均高于总体满意度(P < 0.05),医护人员稳定性较好,是医养结合模式得以有效推行的基础和保障;对伙食?护工的满意度低于总体满意度(P < 0.05),护工的稳定性相对较差?结论:医养结合养老模式在二级医院开展具有可行性?政府应着重加强老年健康人才培养及护工队伍建设,确保医养结合养老模式的健康?稳定?快速发展?  相似文献   
8.
文章介绍了全民健康覆盖的由来和目标,从服务覆盖?人口覆盖和费用覆盖三个方面对其内涵进行了阐述?从国外探索实现全民健康覆盖的实践,谈到我国推进全民健康覆盖的进展和存在的几个突出问题,包括卫生资源总量不足?配置不均衡;不同医保制度间医疗费用和服务利用不公平;基层医疗卫生机构服务能力有限,患者就医流向趋高?针对我国存在的问题,借鉴国际经验,建议加大卫生投入,重点加大对农村?中西部地区的财政转移支付力度;加强基层医疗卫生机构服务能力建设;建立基层首诊?分级诊疗?双向转诊的就医制度;提高基本医疗保险保障水平,整合医保体系?  相似文献   
9.
养老问题是人类历史上任何时代、任何社会都要面临的普遍问题,关系到个人的幸福乃至社会的安定,不可逆转的社会老龄化和加速发展的河北省新型城镇化促使养老地产成为一种必然发展趋势。简单阐述养老地产概念,分析河北省养老地产的现状,借鉴国内外发达地区的养老地产开发经验,提出适合河北省新型城镇化进程中养老地产发展的策略,以供参阅。  相似文献   
10.
Attempts to replace pay‐as‐you‐go pension schemes with private funded systems came to a halt in Central and Eastern Europe after 2005. However, more recently, the region has witnessed two belated reformers: the Czech Republic and Romania. Both countries decided to partially privatize pensions despite the rising tide of evidence concerning the challenges associated with the policy. We argue that while part of the domestic political elite remained supportive of private funded pensions, the difficulties experienced by earlier reformers and reduced support from International Financial Institutions led to the adoption of small funded pension pillars. Such cautious attempts at privatization might become more common in the future as large reforms have proven politically unsustainable.  相似文献   
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