银屑病与湿疹患者生活质量和经济负担的比较

目的:比较银屑病和湿疹患者的一般情况、生活质量和疾病经济负担。方法:采用现况调查的方法,联合应用自行设计的患者一般情况调查表、SF-36和Skindex-29量表,对2011年6月～2012年3月在中国医学科学院皮肤病医院就诊的门诊和住院198例银屑病患者,和同时期在同医院就诊的117例湿疹患者进行问卷调查。结果:①共回收313份有效问卷,其中银屑病196例,男女比例为1.88∶1,湿疹117例,男女比例为1.25∶1,对吸烟、酗酒、睡眠影响、饮食受限、自杀倾向等社会行为进行比较,发现银屑病患者在吸烟、睡眠影响、自杀倾向的比例均高于湿疹患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。②应用SF-36量表和Skindex-29量表比较银屑病和湿疹患者的生活质量,发现银屑病患者生活质量比湿疹患者低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。③银屑病的直接经济负担和间接经济负担都较湿疹严重。结论:银屑病和湿疹的一般情况与以前的研究结果类似,但在吸烟、自杀倾向等社会行为方面银屑病的比例显著高于湿疹患者。虽然同为皮肤病,但银屑病患者的生活质量比湿疹患者低很多,提示卫生工作者在银屑病的诊断治疗过程中应重视生活质量对患者的影响。银屑病患者的直接经济负担和间接经济负担都较湿疹患者严重,相关卫生决策部门应对银屑病患者的经济负担给予足够的关注。     

A statistical method to convert published response rates into marginal distributions with an example application in psoriasis

Assessment of severity is essential for the management of chronic diseases. Continuous variables like scores obtained from the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression or the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) are standard measures used in clinical trials of depression and psoriasis. In clinical trials of psoriasis, for example, the reduction of PASI from baseline in response to therapy, in particular the proportion of patients achieving at least 75%, 90%, or 100% improvement of disease (PASI 75, PASI 90, or PASI 100), is typically used to evaluate treatment efficacy. However, evaluation of the proportions of patients reaching absolute PASI values (eg, ≤1, ≤2, ≤3, or ≤5) has recently gained greater clinical interest and is increasingly being reported. When relative versus absolute scores are standard, as is the case with the PASI in psoriasis, it is difficult to compare absolute changes using existing published data. Thus, we developed a method to estimate absolute PASI levels from aggregated relative levels. This conversion method is based on a latent 2‐dimensional normal distribution for the absolute score at baseline and at a specific endpoint with a truncation to allow for baseline inclusion criterion. The model was fitted to aggregated results from simulations and from 3 phase III studies that had known absolute PASI proportions. The predictions represented the actual results quite precisely. This model might be applied to other conditions, such as depression, to estimate proportions of patients achieving an absolute low level of disease activity, given absolute values at baseline and proportions of patients achieving relative improvements at a subsequent time point.     

规范旅游景点英文标识浅议

结合实际案例,分析了某些旅游景点出现的被称作牛皮癣现象的英文标识问题,并提出了景点中英文标识规范化的几点建议,期望引起有关部门重视,以便更好地弘扬旅游文化,进一步提升旅游城市在对外交流中的品牌形象。