Linking young individuals' capital to investment intentions: Comparing two cultural backgrounds

By integrating the Entrepreneurial Intentionality Model and the Theory of Planned Behaviour, we explored the effects of human, social and financial capital on young individuals' investment intentions in two groups (97 English and 97 Greeks). Results indicated that human capital is directly and indirectly related to investment intentions via, first, subjective norms and, consequently, personal attitudes and perceived behavioural control, while social capital is only indirectly related to investment intentions via perceived behavioural control. In the individualistic group (English), human capital related directly and positively with investment intentions while social capital related indirectly to investment intentions via its positive relationship to subjective norms. With regard to participants from a collectivistic background (Greeks), human capital related indirectly to investment intentions via, first, subjective norms and, consequently, personal attitudes and perceived behavioural control, while social capital related directly and indirectly to investment intentions via perceived behavioural control. Financial capital was only negatively related to investment intentions in the total and Greek sample.     

Gender egalitarianism,perceived economic insecurity,and fertility intentions in Spain: A qualitative analysis

Economic uncertainty contributes to low fertility in many European countries. On the other hand, greater gender equality may positively influence fertility. This paper examines how these two forces interact in Spain. We use in-depth interviews to analyse fertility decision-making among young and highly educated partnered adults living in urban areas. Highly gender-egalitarian interviewees are less likely to perceive economic insecurity as an obstacle to proceeding to a next birth than less egalitarian interviewees. But there is not necessarily a difference in these two groups’ overall fertility intentions, as highly egalitarian interviewees’ greater valuation of stable employment for both partners requires institutional and policy support for dual-earner couples’ childrearing. When we look only at interviewees who express economic insecurity, somewhat higher fertility intentions are expressed by those holding less gender-egalitarian attitudes. Our results underline the complexity of the interrelationships between economic insecurity, gender egalitarianism, and fertility intentions.     

Emergence of entrepreneurial behaviour: The role of age-based self-image

This study introduces an individual’s perception of their entrepreneurial potential in terms of their age (age-based self-image) to complement chronological age as a predictor of entrepreneurial behaviour. The principal hypothesis is that a positive age-based self-image enhances the likelihood of individuals turning their intention to start a business into actual behaviour. The empirical analysis based on data collected on the general adult population of Finland in 2011 and 2012 (n = 672) supports this hypothesis. The analysis further shows that this positive effect is independent of the individual’s chronological age, and it is thus applicable to both age groups that are under-represented in entrepreneurship: ‘youngsters’ and ‘seniors’. Promoting the development of a positive age-based self-image is a prospective policy option for fostering entrepreneurship among younger and older age groups. More in-depth research, especially concerning the antecedents of positive age-based self-image, is required for the effectiveness of such policy interventions.     

Using Work Values to Predict Post‐Retirement Work Intentions

Work values might be proximal predictors of individuals' late‐career intentions because they serve as guiding principles for the selection, evaluation, and justification of vocational behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work values and post‐retirement work intentions. The authors investigated individual work values within the structure of 4 higher order values elaborated on by Schwartz et al. ( 2012 ). Relationships between work values and 4 types of post‐retirement work intentions were examined. Data from 1,071 employees of a German logistics company were used to test the hypotheses. The results of a structural equation model indicated that work values were differentially related to the 4 types of post‐retirement work intentions. The identified work value–work type combinations add to the literature on post‐retirement work. Practice implications for promoting positive individual and organizational outcomes are drawn from the results.     

To stay or to go? Postretirement housing choices of single Baby Boomer women

Single women of the Baby Boomer generation are often financially disadvantaged in the retirement planning process due to their lower accumulated savings compared to male retirees. This disadvantage impacts significant consumption decisions such as postretirement housing choices. This study uses the theory of planned behavior to examine how certainty in intentions influences preparing and planning for postretirement housing. A typology of single Baby Boomer women is developed based on their financial, demographic, and psychological circumstances. Each segment likely requires different informational strategies and financial services to foster proactive planning for retirement. Significant implications exist for social policy and the financial services sector.     

国有商业银行与股份制商业银行顾客忠诚意向驱动因素比较研究

为对国有商业银行和股份制商业顾客忠诚意向驱动因素进行对比研究,本文将银行类型作为调节变量引入模型。Logit Moderated回归模型结果显示,国有商业银行和股份制商业银行顾客忠诚意向的差异,主要来源于顾客对两者价值资产和关系资产的感知显著不同,而顾客感知两者品牌资产的差异在统计上不显著。在其它变量水平相同的情况下,国有商业银行比股份制商业银行为顾客提供的价值高,但股份制商业银行比国有商业银行与顾客的关系更紧密。该结论从统计上论证了国有商业银行和股份制商业银行各自维持顾客忠诚的特点,同时也为银行未来优化营销经费配置提供了理论依据。     

建筑类国有企业知识型员工离职意愿影响因素分析——基于甘肃省L公司员工离职意愿调查

通过对甘肃省L公司的调查数据分析,员工离职意愿的5个影响因子按重要程度排列分别为:个人情况、工作环境、公司管理、工资福利和社会因素。研究结果验证了员工个体特征变量、企业因素和非工作因素对建筑类企业员工离职意愿都呈正相关性,而外部因素对建筑类企业员工的离职意愿相关性较小。建筑类企业员工的离职意愿所有变量中,各变量对离职意愿的权重不同,各变量权重从大到小排列依次是:家庭和亲友的原因、个人发展方面的原因、工作环境的原因和公司管理的原因。     

基于理性行为理论的闭环供应链绩效影响因素分析

分析相关的基础文献,就建立闭环供应链管理行为态度、行为动机、行为意向与闭环供应链绩效四者之间的关系概念模型,并提出相应的假设。同时采用问卷调查与统计分析的方法对所提出的关系概念模型进行验证。针对实施闭环供应链管理的行为态度、行为动机、行为意向与绩效之间的关系进行探讨,揭示行为态度、动机与意向对闭环供应链绩效的影响机理,并得出相应的管理启示,以期为企业实施闭环供应链管理提供决策支持。     

黄小配近事小说的创作意图

黄小配从事近事小说创作的主要思想意图,可以概括为四个方面:一是批判社会之世态炎凉,揭露宦海之升沉;二是反对专制独裁,提倡排满革命;三是感愤国势衰败,唤醒国民;四为发泄私愤,对政敌进行人身攻击。只有全面了解其思想意图,才可能确切、深入地理解和评价其近事小说的思想艺术成就。     

The role of perception in the intention to change the family financial situation

The study investigates factors associated with the individual intentions to change the family financial situation of 337 farm respondents. The hypotheses are that intentions to change are influenced by (a) resource flexibility or constraints existing at the time of the decision situation, including off-farm employment, education, age, and household size, and (b) perceptual factors of perceived income adequacy, locus of control, degree of discrepancy between standard and level of the family financial situation, and dissatisfaction or satisfaction with the discrepancy. Older respondents and those experiencing more external control are less likely to intend to change. Younger respondents and those who perceive their incomes as more adequate are more likely to perceive that they have control over their situation. The lower the perceived income adequacy, the greater the discrepancy between standard and level of the family financial situation and the lower the satisfaction with the discrepancy. Significant indirect effects were consistent with theoretical expectations.Research was supported by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Projects 52-055, 52-054, and 52-058 and the Minnesota Extension Service. The authors wish to thank Jean W. Bauer, Ph.D., for research collaboration and Susan Keskinen and Cathy Schultz for research assistance.Her research interests include social, economic, and technical decision processes, discrepancies between standards and levels, and the interrelationship of work and family roles, particularly for farm women. Her Ph.D. is from Iowa State University.Her research interests in family resource management theory include social decision making processes and social decision rules, family life quality, and the economic consequences of divorce. Her Ph.D. is from Michigan State University.