Estimation for a first-order bifurcating autoregressive process with heavy-tail innovations

Asymptotics of an alternative extreme-value estimator for the autocorrelation parameter in a first-order bifurcating autoregressive (BAR) process with non-gaussian innovations are derived. This contrasts with traditional estimators whose asymptotic behavior depends on the central part of the innovation distribution. Within any BAR model, the main concern is addressing the complex dependency between generations. The inability of traditional methods to handle this dependency motivated an alternative procedure. With the combination of an extreme-value approach and a clever blocking argument, the dependency issue within the BAR process was resolved, which in turn allowed us to derive the limiting distribution for the proposed estimator through the use of regular variation and non-stationary point processes. Finally, the implications of our extreme-value approach are discussed with an extensive simulation study that not only assesses the reliability of our proposed estimate but also presents the findings for a new estimator of an unknown location parameter θ and its implications.     

利益分析视角下的公路班线客运集约化发展研究

公路班线客运集约化改革的难点在于利益关系的协调。在广泛调研和深入访谈的基础上，结合班线客运发展历程及现状，从利益分析的视角剖析了政府、企业、个体之间的利益诉求、利益冲突及利益博弈的内在机理，指出挂靠关系下企业与个体之间的利益争夺是集约化发展难以推进的根源。研究提出以当前利益分配格局为均衡点的“实收配股”集约化发展改革方案，同时强调政府应转变职能定位、完善相关政策，防止形成市场封锁或垄断。     

普通高校体育选项课之分层教学与目标教学的有机整合

根据普通高校体育选项课教学大纲的要求,对分层教学组织形式和目标教学法进行了系统研究,认为二者的有机整合可以有效提高普通高校体育教学的效果。分层教学与目标教学有机整合是分层制订分别适合不同高校大学生的教学目标和考核目标,因材施教,因需指导,因层评价和动态组合等,是帮助学生提高体育学习效果的较好方法,能够让学生最大限度地发挥自身潜力,从而促进大学生身心健康的发展,并帮助他们养成终身体育意识和体育习惯。     

Ban Estimation for Chi-Square Test Criteria in Categorical Data

This expository paper describes some recent work that further develops the theory of BAN estimators and the related chi-scuare test statistics.The extensions are in several directions: (a) the class of regular estimators is broadened by permitting extraneous random elements; (b) more general models are permitted under the constraint equations specification; and (c) BAN estimators are defined for general models combining features of two types of specification.In particular, WLS estimators are shown to be BAN.     

Ability vs Background: An Analysis of the Distribution Mechanism of Higher Education Enrolment Opportunities

Individual education performance is usually influenced jointly by ability and background (family background). The relative share of these two factors forms the basic grounds for judgments of educational equity. Using sheaf coefficients, we compare the influence of these two mechanisms on the distribution of access to regular first degree higher education opportunities for institutions at different levels. Our findings show that both ability and family background have a marked influence. The higher the level of the institution, the greater the ability demanded of its students. The effect of family also increases significantly at this level, but ability always has a much stronger influence than family background. It can be seen that though family background is influential in the distribution of higher education opportunities in China today, ability fundamentally remains the dominant criterion, embodying the classic features of a meritocratic society “open to talent.”     

民办本科院校信息化教学推进策略研究

民办高校现阶段的重要工作之一就是要加强教学内涵建设,不断提高教学质量。本文在分析部分民办高校信息化教学现状的基础上,运用组织行为学相关理论,从期望、支持、奖励三个层面,提出民办高校在推进信息化教学过程中针对提高教师参与信息化教学建设的主观能动性的推动策略和拉引策略。     

The likelihood ratio test for homogeneity in finite mixture models

The authors study the asymptotic behaviour of the likelihood ratio statistic for testing homogeneity in the finite mixture models of a general parametric distribution family. They prove that the limiting distribution of this statistic is the squared supremum of a truncated standard Gaussian process. The autocorrelation function of the Gaussian process is explicitly presented. A re‐sampling procedure is recommended to obtain the asymptotic p‐value. Three kernel functions, normal, binomial and Poisson, are used in a simulation study which illustrates the procedure.     

用跳马步系列研究奇素数阶规则完美幻方的个数

本文先介绍跳马步系列的有关概念及性质，然后用跳马步系列研究奇素数阶规则完美幻 方的个数。     

论现代汉字及汉字教育

近些年来 ,有些学者主张将“五四”以后的汉字离析出来 ,称之为“现代汉字” ,并以它们为研究对象建立现代汉字学。从汉字发展演变和纯文字学的角度来看 ,“五四”前后的汉字并无质的不同 ,将“五四”以后的汉字单独离析出来 ,称之为“现代汉字” ,理由不够充分 ;而作为“现代汉字学”研究对象的“现代汉字” ,应该包括汉字楷书全部发展阶段中的所有楷书字形 ,这也是现代汉字教育的重要任务