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1.
Scholars have highlighted the use of punishment as a tool to defend laws and norms, deter deviance, and restore justice in the aftermath of organizational misconduct. However, current theory and research primarily draw on a micro-oriented lens to understand how punishment occurs in response to deviant actors within organizations, neglecting macro-oriented questions of whether and how organizations are punished for their misconduct. We review sociological and macro-organizational work that suggests punitive severity can vary with three key attributes of the organization: status, reputation, and embedded ties. We then develop a mezzo-lens framework motivated at the intersection of micro- and macro-perspectives on organizational misconduct to shed light on opportunities for theoretical expansion by crossing levels of analysis.  相似文献   
2.
词的离合现象是语法研究中的老大难问题。文章独辟蹊径,从与词的离析使用密切相关的准定语和准名词入手,根据句子的信息结构原则,解释了词的离合现象的成因。文章指出,话语的信息结构安排是促成句法结构重组的语用推力:话题语的指称化处置诱发了准定语结构的操作,基本不涉及词的离析;评述语受单一新信息原则制约而出现的事件化处置,迫使及物性低的双音词强行拆分以容纳事件化所需要素,是诱发词的离析并催生准定语和准名词的直接动因。文章的观点是,用朴素的眼光看汉语,汉语中并无什么离合词,词的离合只是非形态语中双音词的用法变异,是语用型语言句子信息结构进行整编与重组的副产品。  相似文献   
3.
There is increasing research attention as to how SMEs might realize corporate social responsibility opportunities. Most studies focus on the pursuance of responsible business strategies that result in favourable business outcomes. This study investigates SMEs who actively participate in CSR activities in a south-eastern European country during the economic crisis of the Eurozone. Data collected reveals that stakeholder salience and proximity moderate the relationship between CSR and financial performance. The context of this study is important as it addresses the paucity of research carried out in countries during economic crisis and sheds light on the positive aspects of CSR practices adopted during crisis.  相似文献   
4.
The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of the professional, technical and relational background (human and social capital) of outside directors on promoting firm CSR disclosure. Following the Hillman et al. (2000) taxonomy of board members, we classify outside directors as business experts, support specialists and community influential, and examine whether business and technical expertise or political ties in the boardroom affect CSR disclosure.This study confirms that not all outside directors are equally effective in improving CSR disclosure and that only certain kinds of outside directors, those classified as support specialists, help promote it. On the other hand, our findings also show that directors with previous experience as politicians affect CSR disclosure negatively, probably due to their interests in safeguarding their reputation within the company, in avoiding public scrutiny and in protecting their political connections. In addition, our set of analysis with interaction effects reveals that powerful CEOs have the incentive to promote CSR-related strategies and to convince business experts and support specialist directors to enhance profitable sustainability strategies and transparency in CSR disclosure. Nevertheless, the powerful CEO effect is not enough to compensate the negative role of political directors on CSR reporting. Therefore, this paper supports the theories in favor of analyzing the multiple configurations of corporate governance mechanisms by adopting a holistic approach, and the need to combine these configurations in order to analyze their impact on CSR behavior.  相似文献   
5.
随着智慧社会的到来,人工智能体广泛应用于社会各个领域,智能水平不断提升,与之相关的犯罪问题逐渐走向理论和实践的焦点。人工智能体冲击着刑法教义学主体和客体相区分的二元结构,引发了广泛的讨论和争议。探讨人工智能体的刑法地位应当改变混同分析主体性和能力性的思路,区分不法和责任两个层面进行研究。应基于人工智能的发展阶段,明确现阶段人工智能体仍然属于弱人工智能,因此其无法成为犯罪人或被害人,也无法具备责任能力或承担刑事责任。但是人工智能体日益可能成为犯罪对象,与之相关的自然人和法人犯罪也应当受到重视。探讨人工智能相关的刑法问题应当立足于教义学的基本立场与理论范式。  相似文献   
6.
基于第二期“全国新型农业经营主体发展指数调查”中的706个合作社样本,采用OLS和Tobit方法分析了合作社经营绩效对其精准扶贫参与的影响及作用机制。研究表明:合作社经营绩效与精准扶贫参与之间存在显著的“U”型关系,在对模型进行改进和选择代理变量检验后结果依旧稳健。作用机制分析表明,合作社经营绩效与获取政府补贴和承担社会责任之间同样存在“U”型关系,后者正是合作社参与精准扶贫的动机所在。鉴于此,政府应加强对精准扶贫参与主体的核查,同时须支持合作社发展,以壮大其帮扶带动能力。  相似文献   
7.
新时代培育民族复兴大任的时代新人,必须提升大学生的担当精神,以建设一支有担当、敢担当的时代新人队伍,这是应对时代诉求与历史使命的必由之路。然而,大学生的担当精神培育既面对着认知新的历史方位、奋力托举中国梦与应对新“忧患”的时代诉求;又要面对围观的看客心态、非科学的失衡心理、认知偏颇的冲击。因此,把担当精神摆在育人的重要位置,从升级育人内容、优化育人环境等几个关键教育环节着手,营造崇德向善、力争担当的社会风尚,将担当精神培育生活化、长效化,进而不断增强大学生的担当意识与担当力。  相似文献   
8.
深刻把握党的自我革命与社会革命之间的辩证统一关系,是协同推进“两个革命”的前提与基础。从理论逻辑层面看,“两个改造”相统一的辩证原理构成了“两个革命”辩证统一的深层哲学底蕴;从实践进程层面看,统筹推进伟大社会革命与自我革命,构成了中国共产党在各个历史时期不断克敌制胜的重要保障;从现实层面来看,在中国特色社会主义进入新时代的今天,在世情、国情和党情发生深刻变化的背景下,在党的建设面临巨大挑战的形势下,进一步协同推进“两个革命”需要把握基本的经验原则。   相似文献   
9.
Porter and Kramer’s concept of creating shared value (CSV) has been welcomed as an approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR) among corporations that also provides a practical opportunity for dialogue in public relations, but it has been little examined from the general population’s (i.e., the public’s) perspective. Such scrutiny is important because its findings enable public relations to contribute to the debate and development of CSV from both the public’s and the organization’s viewpoints. Additionally, if public relations professionals understand how the public perceives CSV, they can give a strategic perspective to top management for maximizing moral capabilities of the business and formulate effective communication to promote CSV initiatives. This study investigates whether the public prefers corporations to practice CSV as opposed to intrinsic CSR as a separate pursuit from business interests. It also explores the role of leadership as an influential and ethical construct in implementing effective CSV as perceived by the public. The public’s preference for CSV over intrinsic CSR was revealed in a survey of 1784 participants in the United States (US), Germany, and China. Factor analysis results further suggested that effective CSV competencies of CEOs were construed as a unidimensional concept in the US, but German and Chinese participants viewed it as two-dimensional. The public perceived that leaders’ moral character played a more important, core role in effective CSV than did altruistic and behavioral attributes, across nations. Network analysis of the perceived effective CSV-characteristics provides further implications for CSV communication.  相似文献   
10.
ABSTRACT

Despite a symbolic shift toward ‘emotional taint’ in dirty work literature, the role of the workplace has not been studied in relation to socially admired professions, such as corporate social responsibility (CSR) work. This article carries out an in-depth, critical examination of CSR as an emotionally tainted occupation in Japan. Its findings, substantiated by an analysis of 34 CSR workers’ rhetoric, help conceptualise ‘internal uselessness’. This emerges when workers feel their organisations publicly foster an image of their work that is decoupled from its internal reality, assigning them chief tasks they consider irrelevant. This leads to negative consequences that damage their workplace social relationships, professional aspirations and emotional well-being. The findings ultimately show that these CSR workers in Japan attempt to counterbalance internal uselessness through a social quest with peers outside their workplace, but also manage their emotions by rationalising their job status as inescapable, influenced by situated commitment norms.  相似文献   
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