从民本主义到民主主义——刘光蕡政治思想的形成与转变

刘光蕡是清末陕西著名维新思想家。他早年坚持民本主义,批判君主无限扩权,认为君源于民,民贵君轻,应以是否利民作为贤君的判断标准,主张实行传贤的官天下制度,君臣之间是平等的师友关系。他在1903年接触到《宪法精理》后,其政治思想发生了转变。他以中国古代官名职名来比附理解西方三权分立的政治制度,认为中国也应实行三权分立制度,君主无实权,仅是象征性的国家元首。刘光蕡的政治思想反映了近代中国新旧过渡时期知识分子的心路历程,具有一定的代表性。     

政权组织体制视阀下中西协商民主研究

协商民主理论在全世界范围内的广泛发展和传播,使其越来越受到政治学界和政治活动家的重视。作为民主政治制度的新转向,协商民主制度具备以“公共理性”为基础的柔性协商特征,因此在中西不同的政权组织体制国家内都占据着重要地位。深入探讨西方国家的三权分立体制与中国议行合一制度中的协商因素,对两者存在的差异性进行对位分析和比较研究,有助于突显协商民主在特定的社会背景和政治实践中的作用和意义。     

土地财政形成的内在原因分析

土地财政产生的根本原因在于1994年实行的分税制改革和地方官员晋升考核体系的影响。基于此,可在委托－－代理的理论框架下,提出包含分税制改革影响和官员晋升锦标赛的分析模型。模型分析结果表明,上述两者的共同作用导致了目前我国地方政府土地财政格局的形成。同时,该模型还可解释中央政府试图通过转移支付政策减少地方政府对土地财政依赖程度的努力为什么会失效。本研究有助于促使地方政府土地融资走上更加理性和规范的道路。     

Unravelling Memories of Family Separation Among Sri Lankan Tamils Resettled in Australia, 1983–2000

Abstract

Using life story interviews with 10 Sri Lankan Tamil refugees resettled in Australia, this article shows how family separation in experiences of civil war and resettlement produce long-lasting and emotional memories of fear and determination. The findings explore how young Tamil people gave meaning to family when they interacted with key individuals and negotiated cultural practices in different spaces. Moreover, intergenerational family narratives emerged as a key practice through which Tamils preserved the family identity. The analysis demonstrates how and when family separation can manifest in personal memories to reveal stories of agency and resilience. A critical engagement of the past can help to better understand concepts of childhood in relation to family and family separation in war affected diaspora communities.     

Intimate partner violence and women's experiences of grief

A greater understanding of women's emotional and behavioural responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) may be aided by an examination of the grief course. Women going through the process of leaving their abusers, like women leaving non‐violent partners, experience grief during and at the termination of their relationship, even if they feel relief at the cessation of violence. Through qualitative interviews with 14 female survivors of IPV, we critically examine the utility of Kubler‐Ross' grief model to understand how women come to terms with their experiences of violence and the end of their violent relationships. Results suggest that Kubler‐Ross' model helps explain the emotional reactions and decision‐making of IPV survivors in regard to staying, leaving and returning to their partners. While a model developed to explain grief due to death may not entirely explain the reactions of IPV survivors going through the process of leaving abusive partners, and does not account for psychological reactions to trauma, social workers and mental‐health professionals can use this grief model as a framework to better tailor services to survivors of IPV.     

Marriage and separation risks among German cohabiters: Differences between types of cohabiter

We propose a typology of different meanings of cohabitation that combines cohabiters’ intentions to marry with a general attitude toward marriage, using competing risk analyses to examine whether some cohabiters are more prone than others to marry or to separate. Using data (N = 1,258) from four waves of the German Family Panel (PAIRFAM) and a supplementary study (DEMODIFF), we compared eastern and western German cohabiters of the birth cohorts 1971–73 and 1981–83. Western Germans more frequently view cohabitation as a step in the marriage process, whereas eastern Germans more often cohabit as an alternative to marriage. Taking into account marital attitudes reveals that cohabiters without marriage plans differ from those with plans in their relationship careers, and also shows that cohabiters who plan to marry despite holding a less favourable view of marriage are less likely to realize their plans than cohabiters whose intentions and attitudes are more congruent.     

Separation and Post‐Separation Parenting within Lesbian and Gay Co‐parenting (Guild Parented) Families

Gay men and lesbian women have a long history of jointly creating families and co‐parenting their children together. This qualitative study aims to explore the experiences of separation and post‐separation parenting within same‐sex parented families. This involved semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with 22 separated same‐sex parents in Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and regional Victoria. An adaptive theory approach was used for the collection and analysis of the data. The paper explores data from a cohort of six participants who came from three different multi‐parent families who had experienced a separation – either their own, or that of other parents in their parenting group. The term ‘co‐parenting families’ was found to be confusing due to the different connotations within separation/divorce and same‐sex parent literature. Consequently, the term ‘guild parented families’ was created to describe these families. Participants from these multi‐parent families had very different experiences of family formation and separation compared to others within the wider separated same‐sex parent study. Separation of one or more of the parent couples within these families complicated their original plans and kinship ideals. Each of the families resolved this differently in their post‐separation arrangements. After separation, whole family narratives and/or the role of individual parents, were either questioned or revised as a way of resolving the complexity of their new kinship situation. Following separation, parents often relied on Western kinship norms that privilege biological kinship and the dual‐parent family to construct their post‐separation kinship arrangements. More awareness of families that begin with more than two parents is needed within separation research and amongst separation services and service providers.