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1.
通过对1 154名初一至高三学生的调查,探索累积生态资源、青少年自我效能感与意向性自我调节三者之间的关系。具体来说,青少年拥有的生态资源数量正向预测意向性自我调节水平,而青少年的自我效能感中介作用于生态资源数量与意向性自我调节的关系。这表明,累积生态资源既可直接对青少年意向性自我调节产生积极影响,又可通过自我效能感对意向性自我调节产生间接作用。因此,在推进积极心理健康教育的进程中,需要凸显青少年在自身发展中的自主性以及多重生态资源的联合作用。  相似文献   
2.
BackgroundA high number of Australian women report experiencing traumatic birth events. Despite high incidence and potential wide spread and long-lasting effects, birth trauma is poorly recognised and insufficiently treated. Birth trauma can trigger ongoing psychosocial symptoms for women, including anxiety, tokophobia, bonding difficulties, relationship issues and PTSD. Additionally, women’s future fertility choices can be inhibited by birth trauma.AimTo summarize the existing literature to provide insight into women’s experiences of birth trauma unrelated to a specific pre-existing obstetric or contextual factor.MethodsThe review follows 5 stages of Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. 7 databases were searched using indexed terms and boolen operators. Data searching identified 1354 records, 5 studies met inclusion criteria.FindingsThree key themes emerged; (1) health care providers and the maternity care system. (2) Women’s sense of knowing and control. (3) Support.DiscussionContinuity of carer creates the foundations for facilitative interactions between care provider and woman which increases the likelihood of a positive birth experience. Women are able to gain a sense of feeling informed and being in control when empowering and individualized care is offered. Functional social supports and forms of debriefing promotes psychological processing and can enable post traumatic growth.ConclusionExisting literature highlights how birth trauma is strongly influenced by negative health care provider interactions and dysfunctional operation of the maternity care system. A lack of education and support limited informed decision-making, resulting in feelings of losing control and powerlessness which contributes to women’s trauma. Insufficient support further compounds women’s experiences.  相似文献   
3.
适应性是主体适应其环境的特性,是物理演化系统和生物演化系统的本质属性,反映在认知上就是适应性表征。适应性表征也因此成为知识显现的方式和创造的核心,具有协调性、匹配性、互补性、模拟性和类比性,其表现方式有直接具象表征、间接具象表征、直接抽象表征和间接抽象表征,分别对应于经验主义、建构经验主义、理性主义和科学实在论。适应性表征的实现是通过科学理论核心概念的变化、定律的凝练、理论的更替、模型推理和世界观的改变展开的,具有经验上的适当性。这种经验适当性不仅是感知层次的体验,更是一种认知模式。在认知意义上,经验也是基于心理模型的,心理建模的路径有思想语言、心理表象、心理命题、思想实验和心理模拟推理。这种基于心理建模的适应性表征为科学认知和科学发现提供了有益的方法论。  相似文献   
4.
ABSTRACT

An increasing number of youth are exhibiting social, emotional, and behavioral problems that hinder their ability to function at grade level. Subsequently, school mental health services have not been able to address the need for services particularly among students who are minority and poor. A mixed methodology study was conducted to determine the treatment outcomes from a brief strength-based leadership training group for primarily students who are African American and poor. Pre–post scores on three scales and focus group data revealed significant positive changes in regard to internal areas of functioning and social skills, anger management skills, and school attitude. Gender and age significantly impacted outcomes.  相似文献   
5.
为了解大学生在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控期间的焦虑状况,采用汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA),对四川、云南、重庆三省(直辖市)的3 178名大学生进行在线问卷测试。结果发现:新冠肺炎疫情防控期间大学生焦虑水平高于常模,并且与大学生的性别、就读学历层次、就读学科、每日上网时间等存在显著相关性。其中,28.48%的大学生还可能有严重焦虑;女性、专科层次、尚不清楚就读学科的大学生群体焦虑水平更为明显;精神性焦虑是新冠肺炎疫情防控期间大学生焦虑的主要特质;每日上网时间与大学生精神性焦虑水平呈显著正相关。在公共卫生事件突发时期,应积极关注大学生的心理健康状态,采取针对性措施加以有效疏导和干预,促进其心理健康发展。  相似文献   
6.
2018年9月10日,习近平总书记在全国教育大会上强调:“要树立健康第一的教育理念,开齐开足体育课,帮助学生在体育锻炼中享受乐趣、增强体质、健全人格、锤炼意志。”这为我国未来学校体育的发展指明了方向。学校体育要认真贯彻落实习近平总书记的重要讲话精神,把增进学生的身心健康作为学校体育工作的出发点和落脚点,切实提高学生的身心健康水平,促进学生全面发展。本文首先阐述了习近平总书记重要讲话精神的核心要义,以及所体现的以人为本的思想、高度重视把学生的健康放在首位、非常关注学生的身心协调发展等。其次,就如何落实习近平总书记的重要讲话精神提出了建设性意见:必须开齐开足体育课,保证校内外锻炼时间;提高体育课和课外体育活动的教育教学质量,加强学生的运动效果;“五育”并重,将学校体育纳入学校教育质量评价的重要组成部分;体育教师应树立强烈的社会责任感和使命感等措施和建议。  相似文献   
7.
This article explores what we refer to as norm-stimuli-state discrepancies, which are disparities between people's physical-emotional responses to emotional cues and the normative meanings of those cues. Drawing on forty qualitative interviews and participant observation research at support groups, we show that people with anxiety disorders describe two forms of norm-stimuli-state discrepancies. The first form involves discrepancies of type, in which people label fearful emotional states as deviant for being caused by the “wrong” stimuli. The second involves discrepancies of intensity, in which people label fearful states as deviant for involving feelings or displays of “too much” anxiety in response to an “appropriate” stimuli. The article further addresses the role of stimuli in prompting treatment seeking. Unexpected and intense emotional distress in combination with the falling away of external cues—which we refer to as “stimuli-less fear”—serve as a critical juncture on the path to an anxiety disorder diagnosis.  相似文献   
8.
Abstract

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether peer support and demographic characteristics predicted food security among deaf college students. Participants: The sample included 166 deaf college students at Gallaudet University. Methods: Participants completed a bilingual online survey in American Sign Language (ASL) and English. This survey included USDA’s 6-item food security survey, questions about peer support and socio-demographic characteristics. Results: Out of 166 students (mean age =23; SD?=?6), 60.7% were food secure. About 26.4% were at-risk for low food security and another 12.9% had very low food security. The sample included respondents who identified as people of color (54%) and women (52%). Binary logistic regression revealed that compared to people who reported always receiving peer support, people who never received peer support were 16.3 times more likely to experience food insecurity (adj OR: 16.325, 95% CI 1.824–146.107). Conclusions: This study demonstrates a strong relationship between peer support and deaf college students' food security experiences.  相似文献   
9.
Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore differences in oral health among students by military service status in postsecondary settings. Participants: Secondary data were obtained from the American College Health Association’s 2011–2014 National College Health Assessment II. Method: Demographic characteristics of the study sample were explored by calculating frequencies and percentages by military service status. Research questions were explored with maximum likelihood multiple logistic regression. Results: Service member and veteran students are at greater risk for neglecting health behaviors associated with positive oral health, including that they were less likely to get dental exams and that those who deployed in the past were the least likely to be practicing good oral health. Conclusions: The results suggest that improving oral health will contribute to improving health and mental health outcomes in this population, and provide important information for health specialists working with service members and veterans on college campuses.  相似文献   
10.
Abstract

Objective: Cocaine use is increasing. Comorbidities and diagnostic sequencing are needed among college students to inform treatment of cocaine use disorder (CUD). Method: Using electronic medical records from the psychiatric clinic at the student health care center of a large, public university from 2005 to 2015, patients diagnosed with CUD were identified. Their top mental health conditions were identified and assessed to see whether the first diagnosis of these conditions was made (1) before, (2) at the same time as, or (3) after the first diagnosis of CUD. Results: Among the 50 CUD patients, their most common mental health comorbidities were alcohol use disorder, anxiety, depression, and cannabis use disorder. Anxiety and depression were likely to be diagnosed before CUD; alcohol and cannabis use disorders were likely to be diagnosed concurrently with CUD. Conclusion: Diagnostic sequencing can be used to inform screening, workup, and treatment for patients with CUD.  相似文献   
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