Children taken into care and custody and the ‘troubled families’ agenda in England

Children taken into care and custody are arguably the most vulnerable and problematic groups within the wider debate and responses developing to the ‘troubled families’ agenda in England. They represent what the state most wants to avoid when it intervenes in the life of a family. This paper is based on an analysis of the service involvement and needs of the 196 children taken into care or custody over a 3‐year period (2008–2011) in one city local authority in England. The research was undertaken to inform the response to prevention of entry into care and custody which was the original focus of the most intensive part of the troubled families programme in the city. Interviews with 10 senior professionals from a range of agencies involved in setting up this local programme, explored the way the emerging troubled families agenda was shaping ideas about the understanding of and response to the needs of these children and their families. Key findings of the study illustrate the range and complexity of need as well as the sequence and amount of agency involvement. Professionals were often critical of the thinking behind the troubled families agenda, but were positive and creative about new ways of working with these families.     

‘Doing it right?’– accessing the narratives of identity of newly qualified social workers through the lens of resilience: ‘I am,I have,I can’

Using narrative enquiry, this paper accesses the construct of identity through exploring resilience in newly qualified social workers based in statutory children's services. In seeking to avoid deficit‐based models of this role, this paper aims to present inductively the ‘voice’ of three social workers in a semi‐rural authority, storying the positive ways in which resilience has developed during their first year. Using the Grotberg resilience framework (1995) –‘I am, I have, I can’– as an analytical tool at the interface of personal, professional and organizational identities, we conclude that ‘I am’ and ‘I have’ are more important than the skills dimension of ‘I can’. Positive role models, trust, ‘managed’ optimism, flexibility of support in and beyond induction, and, crucially, self‐efficacy and space for reflexivity, are more prominent as sources of resilience and strong identity. The reflexivity, inspired by the process of narrative enquiry, is an important contributor to self‐efficacy. We propose that a positive view of growth and identity is preferable to deficit models in the context of the transition between the two ‘communities of practice’ and of the challenges of the workplace. Organizational approaches based on this view will be more likely to promote a sustainable workforce.     

Whither practice-near research in the modernization programme? Policy blunders in children's services

In this article, we lament the effects of practice-distant research and associated policy initiatives on contemporary children's services in England. In the last decade, as a result of high profile inquiries into non-accidental child deaths, statutory children's social care services in the UK have been subject to a wide-reaching ‘modernization’ programme. We studied decision-making in the high blame environment of local authority children's services. Our research sought to examine the relationship between performance management and the impact of anticipated blame within the decision-making practices of those providing, supervising and managing these services. We show that systems and technologies can be developed which both assist the users in their daily work and achieve desired organizational goals, but without an ethnographically informed, practice-near approach, unsafe work regimes and practices can ensue.     

论单位合作开发房地产的合法性

大型单位的搬迁或新设都会考虑职工住房问题,单位往往提供建设用地使用权合作开发职工住房。合作开发房地产的单位至少有一方具有房地产开发资质,合作开发房地产的协议才有效。法律和理论界对合作开发房地产研究较少,使得单位合作开发房地产不得不在摸索中前进。法律法规对合作开发房地产的规定,使得单位合作开发房地产有了法律的保护。单位合作开发房地产风险很大,需要各合作单位慎重对待。     

论我国法定继承制度的完善

我国《继承法》规定的法定继承制度,内容简单且不够全面。《继承法》应以我国《民法典》的制订为历史契机进行修订和补充,扩大法定继承人范围,增加法定继承顺序,强化配偶继承权的法律保护,完善代位继承制度等,以进一步完善我国的法定继承制度,并为《民法典》的制订打好基础。     

提高退休年龄与降低替代率：城镇职工基本养老金的财政支出研究

目前，中国法定退体年龄与最优退休年龄存在不同步的现象，所建最优退休年龄经济模型的结果表明人口死亡概率与最优退休年龄的动态经济规律。按照这个规律，中国目前应提高退休年龄。但通过对城镇职工的年龄预测及对其赡养率和缴费率的敏感性分析，笔者认为解决目前财政压力的关键是适当降低养老金替代率，而提高退休年龄应运步推行。     

农业面源污染控制与税法策略调整——以巢湖流域农业生态状况为例

近年来我国农业面源污染日趋严重,已经成为困扰农业生态发展的一大难题。在采用税法手段调整农业污染时应考虑到其污染方式的特殊性,将征税环节提前到生产和生活环节,对导致农业污染的输入要素实施调控。以巢湖流域为例,该流域主要存在种植业生产资料污染,养殖业污染和农村生活垃圾污染等面源污染,应根据不同的污染源实施相应的税法调节策略。     

Taiwan's path to national health insurance (1950–1995)

This study explores the evolution of statutory health insurance in the Republic of China on Taiwan from its inception in 1950 through to the inauguration of the National Health Insurance Programme in 1995. The main focus of the study is the timings of the adoption of the different statutory health insurance schemes targeted to the various segments of the population. It is argued that Taiwan's adoption of Labour Insurance for workers in 1950 could be best explained by the country's specific historical circumstance. The then-ruling Nationalist government was keen to build up Taiwan as a showcase for the whole of China. The inauguration of the National Health Insurance Programme in 1995 was predominantly subjected to the Nationalist government's adjustment to its changing political position.     

论行政许可类政府信息公开范围的界定

行政许可类政府信息公开范凰的基本原则包括，“公开为原则，以不公开魏例外”原则；依和保障人权原则以及利益均衡原则。依据上述原则遥一分析行政许可类政府信息的主动公开范围和排除范围，重点界定行政许可领域中的“商业秘密”和“个人隐私”，严格限制其他排除事项的知情权、促进依法行政的行政许可信息公开目的。     

严格法定资本制:我国政策性担保公司资本制度的最佳选择

不同的资本制度对实现公司资本价值创造功能和债务担保功能的侧重点并不一致,法定资本制更有利于资本债务担保功能的实现.为保护债权人利益,政策性担保公司资本的债务担保功能需要得到强化,因此政策性担保公司应选择法定资本制,并在最低资本限额、资本形态限制、资本构成安排、出资时间安排等方面作出严格规定.