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1.
在食品安全威胁下,农户重新定义了“为自家生产”和“为市场生产”的差别化生产行为。基于经济理性行为假设认为农户存在以确保自家食品安全为动机的生存理性。根据在5省区收集的827份农村入户调研数据,对农户差别化生产行为进行具体分析,描述了差别化生产行为总体特征,并测量农户食品安全自我保护意识、威胁感知程度和信息渠道等因素。运用Probit模型验证了命题:以食品安全自我保护意识为特征的生存理性,支配了农户为确保自家消费安全而进行的差别化生产。  相似文献   
2.
In care-physical activity (care-PA) initiatives, primary care and sports are combined to stimulate PA among adults at risk of lifestyle related diseases. Preliminary results from Dutch care-PA initiatives for adults with a low socioeconomic status (SES) indicate a decrease in participants’ body weight and an improved quality of life, however, the elements that make these initiatives successful are yet to be identified. In total, 19 Dutch health promotion experts participated in our concept mapping (CM) of the effective elements of care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES. The experts identified 111 effective elements of these initiatives, which were grouped into 11 clusters, focusing on: 1) approaching participants within the care-PA initiative, 2) barriers experienced throughout the initiative, 3) long-term implementation, 4) customizing the care-PA initiative to the target population, 5) social support, 6) structure and guidance, 7) the professionals within the care-PA initiative, 8) the accessibility of the care-PA initiative, 9) targeted behaviour and progression, 10) recruitment and administration, and 11) intersectoral collaboration. CM was useful for creating a valuable overview of these effective elements. Our results could be used to improve the development and implementation of future care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES.  相似文献   
3.
针对大学生新党员教育现状和培养工作的现状与创新性研究进行了科学有效的探索实践,从多方位、多角度、多层次对大学生党建工作进行了系统研究分析,把理论教育和实践教育相结合,把新党员教育和开展活动相结合,把支部建设和创新实践相结合,使大学生新党员教育培养工作更具系统性、针对性和时代性。  相似文献   
4.
Review of Alexander Wendt, Quantum Mind and Social Science: unifying physical and social ontology (2015).  相似文献   
5.
This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the outcomes of labour migration by focusing on the effects of migrant legal status on the economic and perceptual measures of migration success. To study the effects of legal status, we use a sample of Central Asian migrant women who work in Russia and of their native counterparts who occupy the same positions on the labour market. Similar to the studies in the developed settings, we find that a temporary legal status is associated with an earnings penalty and that permanent legal status corrects this earning disparity. We also find that both temporary and permanent migrant status is positively associated with perceptions of pay inequality but that, irrespective of these perceptions, both types of migrants are more likely to be satisfied with their jobs than natives. We interpret these findings within the legal and social context of migrant economic incorporation in Russia and relate them to the findings from other migrant-receiving settings.  相似文献   
6.
While socioeconomic barriers to learning have been well-documented by education, sociology, and social policy scholars, further research is needed to understand how students with low-socioeconomic status excel in high-performing schools. The collection and analysis of 20 in-depth interviews with female college students from different racial and socioeconomic backgrounds provide rich insights into the stark differences between the educational practices of low and high-SES students. Building on Bourdieu’s conceptualization of how habitus and capital influence practices in the field of education exposes unique, strategic practices that low-SES students use to attain educational success within a system of reproduction and power. While entering a high-performing school is often perceived as a definitive step for accessing high-quality educational resources, my findings illustrate how it is actually an important intermediary step within a more complex process. Increasing educational opportunity and attainment for low-SES students requires improving their access to social, cultural, and economic capital through knowledgeable mentors who contribute to a habitus and portfolio of capital which enable practices to successfully navigate and challenge the educational system.  相似文献   
7.
This paper discusses regression analysis of clustered current status data under semiparametric additive hazards models. In particular, we consider the situation when cluster sizes can be informative about correlated failure times from the same cluster. To address the problem, we present estimating equation-based estimation procedures and establish asymptotic properties of the resulting estimates. Finite sample performance of the proposed method is assessed through an extensive simulation study, which indicates the procedure works well. The method is applied to a motivating data set from a lung tumorigenicity study.  相似文献   
8.
While there is a global shift towards smaller families, some groups maintain relatively high fertility rates. The 2013 New Zealand census data were used to investigate the nature of fertility between ethnicities in New Zealand. The NZ Deprivation Index 2013 was used as a measure of socioeconomic status to determine the relationships with fertility. The results mirror research outside of New Zealand in that socioeconomic status is inversely correlated to fertility. Using crude average fertility rates, sole-ethnicity Pasifika and Māori ethnic groups still have substantially higher fertility than sole-ethnicity Europeans and Asians ethnic groups, even when simultaneously accounting for age, socioeconomic status, education, and religious affiliation. Christians have more children than individuals reportedly without any religion, and fertility rates drop on average for mothers who have higher formal qualifications. Our findings suggest that cultural, or other ethnic-specific factors differentially affect fertility for Māori, Pasifika, New Zealand European, and Asians as aggregated ethnic categories, respectively.  相似文献   
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10.
勃朗特三姐妹的代表作品中刻画了三位灵魂伴侣,他们的情感生存空间受到了物质层面、道德层面和精神层面的约束。在物质层面,19世纪的英国阶级观念仍非常强烈,两性结成伴侣不仅要有一定的经济基础,而且更注重双方的门当户对,门第差距是贵族和中产阶级都无法接受的。由于这一时期缺少健全的婚姻法律,因此崇尚道德风尚的维多利亚人用道德来约束人们选择伴侣,缔结婚姻都必须符合道德要求,否则就会受到相应的惩罚。另外,虽然这一时期伴侣的权力地位关系不平等,但是每个阶层都存在像三对灵魂伴侣那样能够做到灵魂交流、心灵相通、感情深厚、婚姻生活幸福的夫妻。可以看出,勃朗特三姐妹在维多利亚早期对婚姻推崇门当户对,强调婚姻圣洁,同时重视伴侣之间的爱与尊重。  相似文献   
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