运动元记忆训练对元记忆水平和动作记忆的影响

通过2个月的运动元记忆训练,检验其对非体育专业学生元记忆水平和动作记忆成绩的影响.结果显示运动元记忆训练能显著提高大学生运动记忆策略和记忆监控水平;结果还表明训练能明显提高大学生的艺术体操和健美操动作记忆成绩(表现在动作数量上),而且艺术体操动作记忆的训练效应大于健美操.     

A Risk-Based Method for Modeling Traffic Fatalities

We describe a risk-based analytical framework for estimating traffic fatalities that combines the probability of a crash and the probability of fatality in the event of a crash. As an illustrative application, we use the methodology to explore the role of vehicle mix and vehicle prevalence on long-run fatality trends for a range of transportation growth scenarios that may be relevant to developing societies. We assume crash rates between different road users are proportional to their roadway use and estimate case fatality ratios (CFRs) for the different vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-pedestrian combinations. We find that in the absence of road safety interventions, the historical trend of initially rising and then falling fatalities observed in industrialized nations occurred only if motorization was through car ownership. In all other cases studied (scenarios dominated by scooter use, bus use, and mixed use), traffic fatalities rose monotonically. Fatalities per vehicle had a falling trend similar to that observed in historical data from industrialized nations. Regional adaptations of the model validated with local data can be used to evaluate the impacts of transportation planning and safety interventions, such as helmets, seat belts, and enforcement of traffic laws, on traffic fatalities.     

两相交流伺服电机动态性能的研究

对于两相交流电机的速度伺服系统,分析在幅值控制时系统的机械特性与调节特性,提出了影响两相交流伺服电机动态性能的因素是系统的机械时间常数及增益系数的变化。为了防止因机械时间常数及增益系数的变化而引起的动态特性变差,采用一种简易跟随模型参考自适应控制方法,通过模型与自适应机构的调节作用,改善两相交流伺服电机系统的动态特性和控制精度。计算机仿真结果表明,电机的动态持性良好。     

全速范围直接转矩控制新型建模与研究

提出了一种适合于全速范围的直接转矩控制系统仿真模型。针对PI参数对系统的影响,改进了PI速度调节器的设计,改善了系统的磁链和转矩控制性能。同时给出了基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的系统仿真模型,仿真结果表明了该方法的正确性,能实现六边形磁链轨迹和近似圆形磁链轨迹的平滑切换。     

达里厄垂直轴风力机叶片螺旋变异优化研究

针对传统达里厄( Darrieus)直叶片垂直轴风力机在运行过程中出现叶片动转矩周期波动性大,动转矩系数曲线 震荡剧烈,造成对风轮旋转主轴的强烈冲击及风力机功率输出不稳定等问题,文章提出对Darrieus垂直轴风力机传统直 叶片进行螺旋扭曲变异设计,以改善风力机叶片的动转矩输出性能。结合SolidWorks和MATLAB完成风力机模型的三 维参数化建模,在流体仿真软件FLUENT中完成模型的数值模拟仿真计算。通过螺旋扭曲角的单因素试验验证了变异 设计叶片输出的动转矩性能周期波动性降低,平均动转矩得到提高,并确定螺旋扭曲角的优化区间。文章构建了风力机 系统模型建立与仿真体系,采取螺旋扭曲变异设计,改善了风力机叶片输出的动转矩性能,初步确定合理的螺旋扭曲角 分布范围为：70°~ ll0°。     

步进电机细分驱动系统设计

为了提高步进电机的运行精度,消除或减小振动现象,文章基于细分驱动技术,以单片机ATmega128为核心,应用恒流斩波PWM发生电路和H桥功率驱动电路设计了步进电机的驱动系统。系统控制参数通过上位机设定,以串口通信传给单片机。实验结果表明：电机运行平稳,振动噪音小,转矩大,精度高,系统具有良好的应用前景。     

Exposure to Traffic and Risk of Hospitalization Due to Injuries

Research on the risk of motor vehicle injuries and their relationship with the amount of travel has been only partially analyzed. The few individual exposure assessments are related to very specific subsets of the driving and traveling populations. This study analyzes the relationship between kilometers traveled and hospitalization due to motor vehicle injuries. Twelve thousand three hundred and sixty nine Spanish university graduates from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra multipurpose cohort study were evaluated. They had not been hospitalized due to motor vehicle injuries at baseline and were followed up to eight years. Biannual questionnaires allowed for self‐reporting of kilometers traveled in motor vehicles, together with incidence of hospitalization. Covariates in the Cox regression models included age and gender and baseline use of safety belt while driving, driving a vehicle with driver‐side airbag, driving a motorcycle, and drinking and driving. There were 49,766 participant‐years with an average yearly travel of 7,828 km per person‐year. Thirty‐six subjects reported a first hospitalization event during this time. The adjusted hazard ratio per additional kilometer traveled was 1.00005 (95% confidence interval 1.000013 to 1.000086). Even the smallest of reductions in the amount of kilometers traveled (from an average of 3,250 km per year to 1,000) has a statistically significant protective effect on the likelihood of sustaining hospitalization due to motor vehicle injury (aHR 0.9, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.98). In light of current policies aimed to reduce motorized traffic due to environmental concerns, it may be appropriate to consider the additional health benefit related to reductions in injuries.     

深厚表土层冻结孔井斜控制技术

结合工程施工实践,针对冻结孔施工中的井斜控制技术进行了初步应用研究,优化后的井斜控制技术成功地用于工程施工。     

三相异步电动机缺相起动及运行的探讨

三相异步电动机缺相时无法正常起动,运行中缺相时转速变慢,缺相是造成电动机损坏的主要原因。为保证安全、可靠运行,三相异步电动机应设置电源缺相保护。     

交流电机变绕组匝数拓宽调速范围的新方法

在典型交流电机调速应用领域需要拓宽电机的调速范围。传统的拓宽电机调速范围的方法主要包括弱磁调速、 变极调速以及改变绕组结构等。针对电动汽车驱动电机应用背景,提出了一种拓宽交流电机调速范围的新方法,即在维 持电机本体结构与变频器功率等级基本不变的情况下,利用由少量全控和不控电力电子器件构成的绕组调节功率变换 电路,实现电机定子绕组等效匝数的连续可调。仿真结果表明,定子绕组等效匝数是可以通过脉冲控制方法实现连续可 调的,应用该方法,可以拓宽电机的调速范围,使其适应不同应用场合对电机转矩曲线的要求。