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This study used data on couples from the 2003 Spanish Time Use Survey (N = 1,416) to analyze how work schedules are associated with family, couple, parent–child, and non‐family leisure activities. Spain is clearly an interesting case for the institutionalized split‐shift schedule, a long lunch break rooted in the traditional siesta that splits the workday between morning and evening. Results showed strong negative associations between the split shift and both family and parent–child activities. The evening shift was negatively associated with couple and family time, but not with parent–child time. Women spent much more time than men in parent–child activities for all work categories, and they were more responsive to the spouse's work hours. Men were substantially more active than women in non‐family leisure, considering both individuals' and their spouses' work schedules. Altogether, this study has important implications for scientific and public policy debates. 相似文献
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Previous studies on ethnic intermarriage have been done mainly in the United States and in other classical immigration countries. This article examines ethnic intermarriage among Surinamese, Dutch Antilleans, Turks, and Moroccans in the Netherlands. From a theoretical and empirical perspective, it is important to examine whether patterns observed earlier in traditional immigrant countries equally apply to the Dutch context. To obtain a sufficiently large sample, this study pools five nationally representative surveys, conducted in the period 1988–2002. In line with findings documented before, it observes that ethnic exogamy occurs more frequently among the second generation, and among those who arrived at a younger age, and who are higher educated. Equally corresponding to previous work, the study reports that ethnic intermarriage is more frequent when the group-specific sex ratio is more uneven and when the ethnic group is predominantly second generation. Contrary to findings observed elsewhere, results show that the black Surinamese and Dutch Antilleans have high intermarriage rates and that there is little evidence for status exchange in mixed marriages. 相似文献
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Analyses of the economic consequences of divorce have emphasized the negative effect of divorce for women. For men, consequences
of divorce are most often believed to be social or psychological. This is not consistent with an economic literature showing
the positive effects of marriage on men’s wages. Using a nationally representative life-history survey among men in the Netherlands,
this paper reanalyzes the possible negative effects of a divorce for the careers of men. Complete life histories provide information
on upward and downward occupational mobility as well as on unemployment and disability. Multivariate event history models
show that after divorce, men experience an increased chance of becoming downwardly mobile, an increased chance of becoming
unemployed, and an increased chance of becoming disabled. Additional analyses are done to assess whether these effects are
spurious, due to the influence of earlier problems that men experienced in their lives, as measured by indicators of employment
problems, health problems, and problems in social relationships. While these variables have an effect on the future career,
they are not strong enough to eliminate the divorce effect. Implications are discussed for different theoretical hypotheses
about the importance of marriage and divorce for men’s employment.
Kalmijn, M., 2005, Les effects du divorce sur les histoires professionnelle et socio-médicale des hommes, Revue Européenne
de Démographie, 21: 347–366. 相似文献
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Matthijs Kalmijn 《Demography》2013,50(4):1499-1520
Previous research has suggested that a new marriage gradient has emerged in the United States, with marriage becoming increasingly the privilege of the better-educated. This article examines whether this is true for Europe and explores differences in the marriage gradient among 25 European countries, using multilevel models. The focus is on the chances of living in a marital (or cohabiting) union during midlife (ages 40–49). Multilevel analyses show that the direction and strength of the gradient depend on the societal context. In countries where gender roles are traditional, better-educated women are less likely to be married than less-educated women; in gender-egalitarian countries, better-educated women are more likely to be married. For men, the educational effect on marriage is absent in traditional countries but becomes positive as gender roles become more equal. Inequality in a society also modifies the gradient: if the degree of economic inequality between educational groups in a society is strong, better-educated men are more likely to be married than less-educated men. In general, the results suggest that there may be an accumulation of social and economic disadvantages for the less well educated in more-developed countries. 相似文献