非物质文化遗产保护的国际经验与国内实践——北京师范大学985工程特聘教授色音访谈

正文化是人类智慧的结晶,我们应该尊重和珍惜每一种文化。孟凡行(以下简称孟):色音老师,首先我对您在百忙之中专门抽出时间接受我的访谈表示感谢。我们知道,二十几年来,您一直在文化人类学、民俗学领域勤奋耕耘,取得了不菲的成就,引起了学界的瞩目。您学术基础宽厚、视野开阔、涉猎多门,在文化人类学、民俗学、宗教学、文化遗产学等领域都提出了一些颇具创新意义的见解。     

萨满教与北方少数民族的人生仪礼

本文认为 ,人生仪礼是在人生的重要转折时期或危机时期 ,如生死婚嫁等一个人一生中具有特殊意义的阶段上举行的民俗仪礼。在信仰萨满教的民族中 ,各种人生仪礼活动几乎都和萨满教发生一定的关系。     

Juvenile delinquency in Romania: a comparison between minors in prisons and re-education services

This article assesses the relationships between the individual and family characteristics of minors and juvenile delinquency in Romania. This cross-sectional study involved Romanian delinquent minors, 285 of whom were incarcerated in prisons in Romania and 280 subject to educational measures in re-education services in Romania. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that delinquency in incarcerated minors is associated with age, the offence committed, drug use, school dropout rates, recidivism, family alcoholism, the relationship with the biological parents, and the number of biological siblings. The study provides baseline data to identify at-risk minors in order to develop prevention programmes. We have adopted a public health approach to analysing delinquency and targets risk factors.     

试论北方少数民族生殖崇拜的萨满教根基

中国少数民族中较常见的生殖崇拜现象往往和萨满教的性神秘观相关。在萨满教神话、仪式以及萨满教巫术操作过程中几乎都有一些与性有关的内容。在萨满教观念中，性器是一个富有巫术力量的神秘器官。在北方民族萨满教后期发展中，生殖崇拜和祖先崇拜往往结伴而行     

Timing of hospital admission in labour: latent versus active phase,mode of birth and intrapartum interventions. A correlational study

Background

Hospitalization of women in latent labour often leads to a cascade of unnecessary intrapartum interventions, to avoid potential disadvantages the recommendation should be to stay at home to improve women’s experience and perinatal outcomes.

蓬溪宝梵寺壁画艺术特征探析

文章通过对巴蜀地区蓬溪宝梵寺壁画造型特征、用线特征、用色特征、技法特征的提炼与分析,探索宝梵寺壁画独特的艺术风貌、地域特色以及象征意义等,挖掘其深层次的艺术审美价值。     

沈宝基与法国革命诗歌译介

法国革命诗歌在中国的介与传播 ,曾极大地鼓舞中国人民的革命斗争。在众多的译者中 ,沈宝基是译介得最多、译品质量最高的翻译家之一。本文简略地介绍了沈先生在《国际歌》、《马赛区》贝郎瑞革命歌谣和巴黎公社诗歌汉译方面的杰出贡献与译介特点。     

State Educational Investments and Economic Growth in the United States: A Path Analysis*

Objective. This article investigates direct and indirect relationships between state investments in education and economic growth measured as change in per‐capita gross state product (GSP). As a basis for selecting control variables, it also applies a conceptual framework borrowed from the cross‐national growth research. Method. We gathered 18 years of panel data on the 48 continental states and ran GLS regressions with panel corrected standard errors after executing an AR1 correction for autocorrelation. Results. Per‐capita savings deposits, college attainment, and initial GSP are the most consistent predictors of GSP growth over the 18‐year period investigated. However, all the independent variables in the model, except high school attainment, predict per‐capita GSP growth from 1997 to 2005. Conclusion. The study supports the virtues of a path model and a cross‐national framework for explaining the relationship between educational expenditures and GSP growth, especially from 1997 to 2005.     

Framing Effects on Public Opinion During Prewar and Major Combat Phases of the U.S. Wars with Iraq*

Objectives. Our purpose was to develop and test several hypotheses concerning the impact of poll‐question wording on aggregate public support for war. We drew on general insights from framing theory and specific insights from various theories of public support for war. Methods. Our database consisted of two collections of aggregate poll results drawn from the prewar and major combat phases of the Gulf War (1990–1991) and the Second War with Iraq (2002–2003). For each data set, we used multivariate OLS regression to gauge the impact of specific question‐wording variations on the percentage of respondents expressing support for war, controlling for systematic time and pollster effects. Results. Most of the hypothesized wording effects were significant in the expected direction. Mentioning WMDs, terrorism, Saddam, hostages, and international support for war boosted aggregate war support in one or both wars; mentioning the president, oil or gasoline, international opposition to war, and U.S. or Iraqi casualties depressed support. Conclusions. Various theories emphasizing different “rational” aspects of public attitudes toward war are supported. However, the significance of mentioning Saddam by name in the Second War with Iraq, and mentioning the president in both wars, would seem to imply framing effects based more on emotion and/or symbolism.     

Definitions of elder abuse in an Italian sample

The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study was to analyze definitions of elder abuse in an Italian convenience sample. Fifty-three Italian participants (15 males, 38 females) provided examples of mild, moderate, and extreme mistreatment of older individuals by their adult children. Analyses were conducted to identify frequently mentioned types of abuse and to determine how severe they were judged to be. Also examined was the extent to which gender and age contributed to response patterns. Most examples of extreme elder abuse made reference to physical abuse and neglect, while references to psychological aggression and neglect predominated as examples of moderate and mild abuse. Examples of neglect appeared with equal frequency at all levels of severity, but physical aggression was mentioned primarily as a form of extreme abuse, and psychological aggression was mentioned more frequently in examples of moderate and mild abuse. The most frequently identified types of specific abuse were abandonment, verbal abuse, emotional abuse, and psychological neglect. When giving examples of extreme abuse, females mentioned more instances of financial exploitation than males. They also gave more examples of verbal aggression and lack of respect as instances of moderate abuse and behaviors reflecting power or control as examples of mild abuse. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between age and the number of examples given of particular types of mistreatment at each of the levels of severity of abuse.