Planning Strategically or by the Book?—Contentious Land Use Planning in South-eastern Finland

The debate on strategic spatial planning highlights the limitations of statutory land use planning in weighing up future options for spatial development, particularly in instances of rapid change. This paper draws on this debate in order to analyse planning institutions and practices in Finland. The case in point is the south-eastern border region where interdependencies with Russia, particularly shopping tourism, have created pressures on land use and led to contentious planning processes between regional and central levels of government. It is argued that, in the absence of cross-border spatial co-ordination, there is a need to establish links between regional land use planning and visions of spatial scenarios in the national context.     

一种求解双目标线性规划的方法及其在上海市土地使用和交通方面的应用

本文介绍了一种求解双目标线性规划(SBLP)的方法.根据上海市土地使用与交通的现状建立了一个拟动态的模型(BOLT),并用该方法加以求解。根据得到的解对上海市土地使用与交通相互作用的情况进行了分析。     

Community involvement in land regularization for informal settlements in Tanzania: A strategy for enhancing security of tenure in residential neighborhoods

This paper documents and analyzes how landholders managed to uplift status of their neighborhood from hazard land as designated by the 1978 master plan to a regularized residential settlement through land regularization in Dar es Salaam city. Specifically, explores policy framework governing land regularization and how the local community explored the opportunities it offers. Documents the local community planning and land regularization processes undertaken focusing on land use planning, drainage construction, and cadastral survey and discuses how financial resources were raised, trust was built as well as factors which sustained community involvement towards meeting their interests of securing tenure. The paper also, draws challenges facing land regularization policy and recommends areas for further interventions commensurate with the human dimension challenges in securing tenure.Underlying community involvement, those aspects of community, which have been connected to the idea of social capital namely existence of committed leadership in land development matters, embracing mechanism for participatory decision making process and educational background to local leaders were particularly important in determining success for the case. Others include economic ability to contribute, high proportion of landholder settlers, land conflict task force formulation, local consensus to solve commonly felt problems, existence of strong community organization, and unwritten norms put in place to regulate individual behavior in building construction. Weak legal recognition of informal settlement, lengthy and bureaucratic procedures in planning and approval of regularization plans, weak knowledge on land management matters, short-term title deeds with low financial betterments, political popularity are identified critical challenges.Some of recommendations put forward include formalization of the grass-roots role in decision-making, decentralizing some of land development control functions to sub-ward leaders and training the same in basic land management matters. Others include definition of norms; by-laws and government facilitation of informal land parceling. Besides community support should be sought so as to create partnership in the promotion of security of tenure in informal areas. The study concludes that, unless land development activities ongoing in informal settlements are closely monitored and regulated as the settlement grow, it will be too costly socially and economically to retrofit once the settlement have identified.     

耕地基准地价评估研究

通过分析不同级别耕地经济总产值与其相应质量指数、社会经济投入指数间的内在关系和建立数学模型 ,求得不同级别耕地可比经济产值 ,从而剔除耕地收益中有差别的社会劳动投入 ,并以此为基础采用收益还原法测算不同级别耕地基准地价 ,以杨凌区为例进行了实证分析     

Sampling Returns for Realized Variance Calculations: Tick Time or Transaction Time?

This article introduces a new model for transaction prices in the presence of market microstructure noise in order to study the properties of the price process on two different time scales, namely, transaction time where prices are sampled with every transaction and tick time where prices are sampled with every price change. Both sampling schemes have been used in the literature on realized variance, but a formal investigation into their properties has been lacking. Our empirical and theoretical results indicate that the return dynamics in transaction time are very different from those in tick time and the choice of sampling scheme can therefore have an important impact on the properties of realized variance. For RV we find that tick time sampling is superior to transaction time sampling in terms of mean-squared-error, especially when the level of noise, number of ticks, or the arrival frequency of efficient price moves is low. Importantly, we show that while the microstructure noise may appear close to IID in transaction time, in tick time it is highly dependent. As a result, bias correction procedures that rely on the noise being independent, can fail in tick time and are better implemented in transaction time.     

地方政府土地管理模式更新——农民参与的视角

土地可持续发展是科学发展观的一项重要内容.作为与土地有着最为直接利益关系的农民,其参与土地管理决策不仅合情合理,而且对于维护自身利益和土地可持续发展具有双重意义.然而,当前地方政府土地管理模式中却存在着农民参与有效性不高的问题,这既损害了农民的合法权益,也对土地可持续发展造成负面影响.这一问题的解决需要地方政府进行土地管理模式的更新,即通过制度创新吸纳农民参与到土地管理决策中来.     

《云韶集》与陈廷焯初期的词学思想

陈廷焯学习填词,经历了一个由喜写艳词到崇尚醇雅的过程,接受了朱彝尊以雅为尚的审美观念,还仿照《词综》的体例编选了一部历代词选———《云韶集》,但在宗南宗北及师法对象等方面修正了浙派词学过于偏激的提法,这正是他后期词学立场转变的一个重要的内在契机。     

凉山州会东县农村土地流转现状及对策分析 ——基于调研数据的分析

土地流转是建设现代农业的基础工作,各地区的土地流转现状及推进方法相差甚大。通过对凉山州会东县土地流转规 模、流转方式、流转去向和流转用途等几个层面进行结构性分析,总结出会东县土地流转存在的问题,针对会东县土地流转的 特点提出了重视政府在土地流转中的重要作用、谨慎选择土地流转的形式、加快推进土地“确权”、土地流转需要有效结合当地 的主导产业、土地流转需要农业技术的支撑、土地流转需要依托农村经济组织平台、土地流转需要引入民营企业注资等土地流 转的对策。     

理论与实践:译者的纯语言——以许渊冲《唐诗三百首》为例

许渊冲对诗歌的贡献不仅在于翻译理论,也在于他的翻译实践。根据本雅明对翻译中纯语言的论述,即上帝的语言是纯粹的,人类的语言因带有偏见,是不纯粹的为依据,再次探索翻译理论与翻译实践的关系,以许渊冲唐诗三百首中《送孟浩然之广陵》译文为例,肯定许渊冲的翻译硕果,同时兼顾翻译理论发展与翻译实践的译者的影响力。     

黑水城出土西夏文《西方净土十疑论》略注本考释

本文刊布了俄藏黑水城出土西夏文《西方净土十疑论》略注本的录文，指出此本是根据宋沙门澄或《净土十疑论注》翻译而成，并依照汉文本，对西夏文本进行了翻译和注释，目的是为西夏学界研读西夏语文以及佛学界研究净土宗在10-4世纪的传播提供参考。