宾位数量名结构中“一”字隐现的认知研究

宾语数量名结构中“一”字的省略必然引起人的认知心理上的变化。本文试从认知语言的角度,由距离像似动因及范畴化原型理论来分析宾语数量名结构中“一”字省略后引起的句法、语法、语用等变化问题。由此得出了“一”字省略后,整个结构数量意义减弱,语法性质不活泼,搭配受到了限制,缺乏独立性,语体风格发生了变化等结论。     

Does Iconicity in Pictographs Matter? The Influence of Iconicity and Numeracy on Information Processing,Decision Making,and Liking in an Eye‐Tracking Study

Researchers recommend the use of pictographs in medical risk communication to improve people's risk comprehension and decision making. However, it is not yet clear whether the iconicity used in pictographs to convey risk information influences individuals’ information processing and comprehension. In an eye‐tracking experiment with participants from the general population (N = 188), we examined whether specific types of pictograph icons influence the processing strategy viewers use to extract numerical information. In addition, we examined the effect of iconicity and numeracy on probability estimation, recall, and icon liking. This experiment used a 2 (iconicity: blocks vs. restroom icons) × 2 (scenario: medical vs. nonmedical) between‐subject design. Numeracy had a significant effect on information processing strategy, but we found no effect of iconicity or scenario. Results indicated that both icon types enabled high and low numerates to use their default way of processing and extracting the gist of the message from the pictorial risk communication format: high numerates counted icons, whereas low numerates used large‐area processing. There was no effect of iconicity in the probability estimation. However, people who saw restroom icons had a higher probability of correctly recalling the exact risk level. Iconicity had no effect on icon liking. Although the effects are small, our findings suggest that person‐like restroom icons in pictographs seem to have some advantages for risk communication. Specifically, in nonpersonalized prevention brochures, person‐like restroom icons may maintain reader motivation for processing the risk information.     

Multimodal representational gestures in the transition to multi-word productions

The aim of this study was to analyze the use of representational gestures from a multimodal point of view in the transition from one-word to multi-word constructions. Twenty-one Spanish-speaking children were observed longitudinally at 18, 21, 24, and 30 months of age. We analyzed the production of deictic, symbolic, and conventional gestures and their coordination with different verbal elements. Moreover, we explored the relationship between gestural multimodal and unimodal productions and independent measures of language development. Results showed that gesture production remains stable in the period studied. Whereas deictic gestures are frequent and mostly multimodal from the beginning, conventional gestures are rare and mainly unimodal. Symbolic gestures are initially unimodal, but between 24 and 30 months of age, this pattern reverses, with more multimodal symbolic gestures than unimodal. In addition, the frequency of multimodal representational gestures at specific ages seems to be positively related to independent measures of vocabulary and morphosyntax development. By contrast, the production of unimodal representational gestures appears negatively related to these measures. Our results suggest that multimodal representational gestures could have a facilitating role in the process of learning to combine meanings for communicative goals.     

词序像似性研究及实例分析

像似性是相对任意性而言的。语言像似性是指语言形式或结构与其所表达的概念之间存在对应关系,而词序像似性是指词的组织形式和人的认知结构之间有某种对应关系,主要受四个原则支配:顺序像似原则、距离像似原则、与说话人接近原则和文化规约像似原则。正确理解词序像似性的概念和原则,对目标语的学习有重要的指导意义。     

论英语词汇的象似性

本文论述英语词汇的象似性。     

新闻标题的象似性分析

象似性理论的主要原则（映像象似、拟象象似和隐喻象似等）在新闻标题的句子结构、修辞、字体、排版等方面都有体现。运用象似性理论分析新闻标题，有助于帮助读者理解新闻标题的语言特点，挖掘更多新闻背后隐含的意义。     

英汉句法结构差异的认知分析

句法象似性为英汉句法结构差异研究提供了一个新视角。时间顺序原则、空间顺序原则、话题象似性原则在英汉语句法中的凸现呈不对称现象,中西认知差异是英汉句法差异的原因,其认知差异有其文化渊源。     

《红色手推车》的象似性解析

象似性指的是语言符号的能指和所指之间的自然联系。作为认知语言学的一个重要理论,象似性的研究不仅存在于词汇、句法层面,还存在于篇章层面。从认知语言学角度出发,利用语言对客观世界的映射,从语音象似、图形象似、数量象似、顺序象似、距离象似和心理象似六方面重新审视并详细解析《红色手推车》一诗,力证象似性研究在诗歌写作和赏析层面有着非凡的实践意义。     

从多模态话语分析视角看广告语言的映像象似性

语言的象似性指语言的表达形式与其表达的内容之间有某种象似关系。在广告英语中,映像象似性广泛存在于语言的音系、排版、字体等多模态手段中,是人们有意识使用的一种手段。搜集大量21世纪以来的品牌广告语料,试图通过多模态话语分析理论对英语广告中映像象似原则及其功能进行较为全面的分析,从而说明映像象似性理论在广告语言中的恰当运用,并证明认知语言学的相似性与功能语言学的多模态话语分析相结合的新领域研究方向。     

试论语言符号是从任意到象似的连续统一体

语言符号的任意性问题,一直都是语言学界争论的焦点,尤其自索绪尔提出语言符号的任意性原则以来,国内外的一些语言学家先后对此提出了或支持或反对的意见。在综合了各方面的观点,并对语言符号的特性进行重新界定之后,认为语言符号既存在任意性,又具有象似性。从辩证角度分析,语言符号不过是从任意到象似的连续统一体。