阿诺德·豪泽尔的艺术社会学理论及其现代意义

匈牙利学者阿诺德.豪泽尔的艺术社会学理论是一种辩证批判的理论。它辩证批判地考察了艺术和社会之间的复杂关系,提出了艺术和社会的"互动"说。同时,它还对艺术史研究的社会学、心理学、美学等方法作了有机综合的分析,既肯定它们的成绩,又指出其不足,试图将审美因素、心理因素和文化因素融合为一体加以研究。豪泽尔的艺术社会学理论由于具有辩证批判性、多元综合性的品质,别具特色,所以能够回应和阐述当下语境下文艺学的现状,对文艺学研究及建设具有突出的理论和现实意义。     

Some cross-population comparisons of family bias in the effects of schooling on occupational status

It is a truism of research on social stratification that the effects of socioeconomic or family background on educational attainment and adult success lead to biases in the simple regressions of occupational status (or other putative outcomes of schooling) on educational attainment. The present analysis compares findings of family bias in the effects of schooling on occupational status across samples of siblings drawn from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study and from Olneck's sample of brothers from Kalamazoo, Michigan. The comparative analysis shows that family bias in the effect of schooling on occupational status may be much less than is commonly believed and that very large samples may be needed to measure it reliably. Moreover, the analysis suggests that estimates of family bias are very sensitive to the specification of response variability in schooling. The analysis also illustrates some useful methods for cross-population comparison of structural equation models.