托马斯·J·沃森危机管理策略综观

IBM创始人托马斯·J·沃森是经验主义管理学派的代表人物之一。他紧跟技术革命的步伐,以其远见、意志和决心,有效地把握了销售和市场,创造并满足顾客的需求;他勇于承担社会责任,致力于世界和平;他注重培训,能摆正劳资双方的关系,并积极探索危机管理策略,对企业文化作出了突出的贡献。同时,他又成功地解决了接班人问题,被誉为"世界上最伟大的推销员"。     

Tedious: feminized labor in machine-readable cataloging

This essay examines previously unexplored IBM reports and manuals that document the development of Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) in the 1960s to understand gendered assumptions manufacturers made about the labor of information retrieval and to ultimately discuss the ways in which MARC transformed the feminized labor of information, making it more diffuse and shifting expectations about productivity. In the process, this essay will show that cataloging, like other forms of women’s labor transformed by technology in the latter part of the twentieth century, has a complicated relationship to the market labor and industrialization. Finally, this essay ends by connecting MARC and feminized labor to the contemporary discussion of BIBFRAME.     

Electronic Resources Workflow: Design,Analysis and Technologies for an Overdue Solution

During the summer of 2013, a joint team involving Duke University Libraries and IBM spent three months configuring IBM Business Process Manager to improve electronic resources workflows in the Libraries’ Technical Services department. The resulting workflow showcases the application's ability to transform the management of online databases. This article will provide an overview of the “before” and “after” database workflow, with a demo of the new system and its integration points with other tools.     

Computing brains: learning algorithms and neurocomputation in the smart city

ABSTRACT

This article examines IBM’s ‘Smarter Education’ program, part of its wider ‘Smarter Cities’ agenda, focusing specifically on its learning analytics applications (based on machine learning algorithms) and cognitive computing developments for education (which take inspiration from neuroscience for the design of brain-like neural networks algorithms and neurocomputational devices). The article conceptualizes the relationship between learning algorithms, neuroscience, and the new learning spaces of the city by combining the notion of programmable ‘code/space’ with ideas about the ‘social life of the brain’ to suggest that new kinds of ‘brain/code/spaces’ are being developed where the environment itself is imagined to possess brain-like functions of learning and ‘human qualities’ of cognition performed by algorithmic processes. IBM’s ambitions for education constitute a sociotechnical imaginary of a ‘cognitive classroom’ where the practices associated with data analytics and cognitive computing in the smart city are being translated into the neuropedagogic brain/code/spaces of the school, with significant consequences for how learners are to be addressed and acted upon. The IBM imaginary of Smarter Education is one significant instantiation of emerging smart cities that are to be governed by neurocomputational processes modelled on neuroscientific insights into the brain’s plasticity for learning, and part of a ‘neurofuture’ in-the-making where nonconscious algorithmic ‘computing brains’ embedded in urban space are intended to interact with human cognition and brain functioning.     

Expert Edge

No abstract available for this article.     

过渡区变形核转动惯量的自洽推转计算

借助IBM内禀态,用推转模型方法研究从SU(3)到O(6)对称性的过渡区中变形核的基带、单声子激发带和双声子激发带,讨论转动惯量和内禀激发能与内禀变量的关系,算出了合理的解析表达式。以68E_(100)为例分析了结果的正确性。     

The Clinical Assessment System (CAS)

No abstract available for this article.     

小托马斯·J·沃森危机管理策略研究

小托马斯·J·沃森是美国杰出的CEO之一,本文首先分析了小托马斯·J·沃森的成长过程和管理手段,指明他在服务和执掌IBM的过程中,完成了由家庭企业向专业化管理的过渡;其主导开发的"系统/360"型计算机,奠定了IBM在计算机行业的领先地位;他创新经营理念和革新管理模式,培养责任感,并提出了适者生存、不适者也能生存的观点。另外,小沃森知行知止,适时引退,对家庭企业的发展很有启发借鉴意义。