Institutional antecedents of subsidiary external embeddedness: Coping with regulatory competitive constraints

We investigate institutional antecedents to subsidiary external embeddedness and relate regulation constraining competition in local service sectors to subsidiary embeddedness with local partners in complementary sectors. Combining research on business networks with arguments derived from transaction cost economics, we argue that subsidiary external embeddedness depends on the extent of transaction costs originating from small numbers bargaining, which regulatory competitive constraints in local service sectors are a source of. Based on this logic, we suggest that low and high levels of regulatory competitive constraints are associated with greater subsidiary external embeddedness. We also suggest that this U-shaped relationship is more pronounced for subsidiaries that are centers of excellence within the multinational enterprise because these subsidiaries heavily depend on the local context as a source of their competitive advantage over their sister subsidiaries.     

Center–periphery relations,local governance and conflicts in Ethiopia: the experience of Metekel province

In Ethiopia, the study and issue of center–periphery relations is not an easy task. It has remained complex and dynamics as it has been dictated and shaped by ever changing socio-economic relations, state ideology and structure. A case in point is Metekel region, which had been characterized by under development, lowland, hot climate and traditional way of life. Until post-1991developments, Metekel was peripheral in relation to the central state. It was an area of confrontation and conflict. Owing to the structural weakness of the centre, successive rulers of the area did not command effective control over it. Focusing on Gumuz, a Nilo-Saharan family, on one hand, and highlanders and new settlers, on the other, this essay examined the main features and dynamics of center–periphery relations, governance and conflicts in Metekel area. The sources, both primary and secondary, have been carefully examined based on the objectives of the study.     

能源与环境设计先导评价标准约束下的景观设计——以成都万国数据中心景观设计为例

美国绿色建筑委员会（USGBC）的国家标准LEED认证是目前国际上最具影响力的绿色建筑评估体系之一。本研究以成都万国数据中心的景观设计为例,结合地域文化提炼的设计理念,与建筑设计充分的融合并延续风格,在LEED认证下的景观设计遵循场地可持续发展理念,在设计与建设过程运用新材料、新方法以及新的管理和许可规程;设计以植被为主,防止热岛效应。雨洪利用借鉴北京奥林匹克公园＂下渗为主,适当回收;先下渗净化,再回收利用＂设计,合理拦蓄雨水资源,并科学利用绿色电力和可再生能源。     

上海现代航运集疏运体系完善的对策研究

当前,上海大规模港口设施建设已基本告捷,主要工作精力应逐步转到建设国际航运中心所必需的便捷、高效的集疏运体系和相关配套软件设施上来。包括水路运输与道路运输产业在内的交通运输业在上海国际航运中心建设中发挥着极其重要的基础功能。应改变传统的水路、公路、铁路集疏运比例,灵活使用价格杠杆合理调节集装箱流量,彻底突破江浙沪跨区高速公路交通瓶颈,实现和完善上海港区与高速公路、内河和铁路网络的衔接,积极开展海铁联运,提高运营管理水平,以加快上海港集疏运系统的一体化进程。     

国学引领文化产业繁荣论

中华国学是民族智慧结晶，是文化创意火种，重视它才能认识并开发广州龙文化、羊文化、节庆文化的底蕴，以龙舟竞渡精神，将南海神庙、黄埔古港、南沙天后宫串联成线，利用广东文化强省的政策优势、传媒优势、智力优势、制造业、文化产业优势、商都消费优势等，建好广州棋都以及国际会展集团、名城旅游集团、海上丝绸之路、越秀中华文化城、南粤演艺大观园、羊城国艺创意园等，以中华国学创意促进广州文化产业大繁荣。     

在上海国际航运中心建设中努力建立长三角港口群协调发展机制

本文认为，建立长三角港口群协调发展机制是区域经济发展的需要，是建设上海国际航运中心的必然要求，符合长三角港口发展的内在规律，也符合国家和企业的利益。在长三角港口群建立协调机制有利于统筹规划和科学合理地开发利用区域港口岸线资源，有利于科学配置区域港口集疏运体系和沟通内河通道，有利于规范港口市场和构建区域港口群的协调发展机制，有利于整合信息渠道和建立区域港口信息数据传输共享平台，有利于构建区域港口综合体系和提升国际竞争力。本文设计了长三角港口群协调发展机制的四种可供选择的模式：市场主导型、中央主导型、地方联合型和中央地方联合型，并进行了特点比较，提出了长三角港口群协调发展机制的推进方式。     

Research Subject Advocate: A New Protector of Research Participants

In 2001, the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) directed the 78 General Clinical Research Centers (GCRC) to develop a Research Subject Advocate (RSA) position. The RSA would report directly to the Principal Investigator (PI) of each GCRC and assure compliance of studies conducted on the GCRC with federal regulations and policies. Seven RSAs agreed to be interviewed about their new role. Website documents, electronic correspondence, and presentations at the first annual national meeting of RSAs were scrutinized using discursive analysis to shed light on this new organizational form and its potential for increased protection of human research participants. The RSA role actualizes the ethical principles of respect for persons, justice, and beneficence that are the foundation of the protection of research participants. The results also reveal the regulatory, institutional, collegial, and personal resources and barriers that assist the RSA in the successful implementation of the RSA role. In addition, issues important to the RSAs are described.     

Who Is a Jew?

Abstract

When a social worker incurs professional obligations in two different actions, but cannot do both, this is termed “an ethical conflict concerning expectations in concurrently affected arenas” (Levy, 1976, p. 113). This article addresses an ethical dilemma that is centered in one of the most complex and controversial issues within Jewish life today: the question of “who is a Jew.” A case is presented which depicts the complexity of ethical conflicts which may arise from this unanswered question. The values at issue are explored and the process used to clarify, legitimate, and operationalize a plan of action is articulated. Ethical dilemmas invariably arise in social work practice. Resolutions that are clear, easily applied, internally consistent, and that consider the values of all concerned should help in reaching an ethical solution.     

University-Community Partnership Centers

Abstract

In academic settings, community research, and the service that goes along with it, is often not valued as much as other methods of research. The more qualitative and labor intensive nature of applied research often raises concerns about whether pre-tenured faculty can publish the sufficient quantity and quality of work necessary to achieve tenure. This paper describes successful collaborations through a university-based Community Partnership Center with members of community-based organizations in low-income inner-city neighborhoods, social work students, and faculty. Two case examples illustrate the co-authors' involvement with the Center as pre-tenured faculty. The article outlines the challenges and benefits of involvement with an established center for university-community partnerships. With careful planning and coordination, such centers can be excellent vehicles through which to achieve important mutual benefits for community-based organizations, student learning, and faculty responsibilities in research, teaching and service.     

Serials Clutter in Online Catalogs

Abstract

Finding and deciphering serials records in online catalogs is a challenge to many library users. To understand and analyze these challenges, the author conducted searches for scientific journal titles in the online catalogs of Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC) libraries. The first part of the study measures the difficulty of retrieving serial records from online catalogs comparing one-word versus multiple-word titles. The second part analyzes displays for complexity by measuring the length of the complete record and the length of the holdings statements. These data show the complexity of displays and indicate the potential confusion that these displays may induce in library users.