发展受限视角下的武汉城市圈跨区域农田生态补偿额度测算

在国土资源非均衡开发、基本农田发展受限的背景下,综合运用效益转移法、生态足迹、生态承载力的理论和方法,计算武汉城市圈48个县(市、区)之间跨区域的农地生态补偿额度。结果发现:2008年单位面积的农田发展权价格最高的是东西湖区,为21.67万元/hm2,最低的为孝昌县,仅为434.28元/hm2;2008年武汉城市圈总生态赤字面积为102.72万hm2,48个县市区中24个亏损区,24个盈余区,其中武昌区的亏损面积最大,为-9.93万hm2,麻城市的盈余面积最大,为4.50万hm2;支付额度最大的区为江汉区,年支付额度为63.08亿元,江夏区应该接受的农田生态补偿额度最高,为3.03亿元;武汉城市圈各县(市、区)跨县域转移的农田生态补偿额度绝对值占到自身财政收入的比例为0.03%~21.94%,纳入农田生态补偿支付前后,共有33个县(市、区)的GDP排名发生了变化。保护农田资源,维护农田生态产品供给的多样性和持续性,就必须在不同土地开发类型区之间确立适宜的农田生态补偿标准,建设农田生态补偿机制。

Farmland＇ Ecological Compensation in Wuhan Metropolitan Area from Prospective of Farmland Development Restriction

This paper discusses the amounts of farmland＇s ecological compensation in Wuhan Met- ropolitan Area under the non-equilibrium developing policy of land resources by using the methods of ecological services value, ecological footprint, and ecological capacity. The result shows that the district with the highest farmland ecological compensation in Wuhan Metropolitan Area is Dongxihu district, which achieved as much as 21. 64 × 10^4 Yuan/hm^2, while the least is Xiaochang county, with 434. 28 Yuan/hmz. In Wuhan Metropolitan Area, the amounts of districts which are negative in their ecological account is 24,with Wuchang Distract as the largest one; while the rest 24 are positive in their ecological account,with Macheng city as the largest one. Jianghan District （63. 08 × 10^8 Yuan） pays the largest, while Jiangxia District receives the largest amount of compensation （3.03 × 10^8 Yuan）. The proportion of farmland ecological compensation in Wuhan Metropolitan Area varies from 0. 03% to 21. 94% in their own GDP,so it is realistic to take the ecological compensation measures. After considering the farmland ecological compensation in Wuhan Metropolitan Area, the green GDP of 33 Districts is quite different from their former GDP. Therefore,this paper concludes that in order to protect and enhance the sustainable and variable ecological service supplied by the farmland, a reasonable and feasible farmland＇s ecological compensation amount should be evaluated. What＇ s more, it is also necessary to establish the farmland eco-compensation mechanism.