清代盐商与官僚资本述略

清代官僚资本是盐商发迹的主要资本来源之一。清初,盐商依靠官僚资本的扶持得以迅速发展,并于乾隆中叶达到顶峰。但乾隆后期以来,随着官僚资本的日益高利贷化,盐商因受累于官僚资本的剥削和压榨而逐渐走向衰败,嘉道以后,终于发展到纷纷倒闭的局面。事实表明,清代盐商的兴衰与官僚资本之间有着息息相关的联系。

Analysis of Salt Merchants in Qing Dynasty and Bureaucratic Capital

Bureaucractic capital is one of the main capital sources from which salt merchants gained fame and fortune in Qing Dynasty. At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the salt merchants, with the support of bureaucratic capital, developed rapidly and reached the crest in Qianlong middle period. But since Qianlong late period,with the in creasing bureaucratic capital usury, the salt merchants began to deteriorate owing to the press and exploitation of bureaucratic capital. After Jiadao period,they went bankrupt one after anoher. Facts show that there is a close relationship between the salt merchants'desting in Qing Dynasty and bureaucratic eapital.