论宗教与迷信的联系和区别

宗教与迷信之间虽然具有一定的联系 ,但他们在性质上存在着根本的不同。具体而言 ,在构成要素上 ,宗教是具有内外要素的完整的思想体系 ,而迷信则是一种粗俗和零散的思想意识 ;在内在属性上 ,宗教是一种世界观 ,它对世界与人生的终极问题作出回答 ,属于形而上思想领域 ,而迷信是一种意识活动 ,力图解决个人与现实中的具体问题 ,属于形而下的工具范畴 ;在目标指向上 ,宗教探求生与死的人生价值和意义 ,而迷信则关心此时此地的现世 ;在社会功能上 ,宗教作为一种意识形态 ,一方面为社会提供了一种认识世界的方法 ,另一方面提供了可供实践操作的道德体系或评判社会行为的价值观念体系 ,而迷信只是一种简单、直接、非理性的心理调节手段 ,正是由于两者间存在的根本差异 ,最终使宗教成为人类文明的结晶 ,而迷信只是人类非理性的蛮性的遗留。

Similarities and Distinctions between Religion and Superstition

There are certain similarities between region and superstition, but there are fundamental distinctions in their natures. Essentially, a religion is an integrated thinking system with inner and outer elements, whereas superstition is a vulgar and scattered awareness. From inner property, a religion is a world view, which gives answers to the ultimate questions of the world and life, and which belongs to the domain of metaphysics, but superstition is an activity out of awareness, trying to solve specific practical problem an individual faces, so it belongs to the category of physical tools. From the direction of goals, a religion explores the value and meaning of life and death, while superstition only concerns the worldly matters there and then. From social functions, a religion is an ideology, providing the society with a method to understand the world, and also providing practically operational ethic system or value system to judge social behaviors, on the other hand, superstition is only a simple, direct, irrational psychologically regulative measure. It is due to the fundamental distinctions between the two that consequently religion has become the gem of human civilization, but superstition only the left-over of man's irrational barbarism.