国际汉语语言交际能力的结构模式

本文通过对能力、语言能力、第二语言(外语)能力和国际汉语语言能力几个概念的层层解剖,逐步勾画出来一个国际汉语语言交际能力的结构模式图。这一模型的基本思路是:国际汉语语言交际能力由汉语语言知识、汉语言语技能、汉语文化语用能力和汉语语用策略能力等四个主要成分有机结构而成;对这种能力的培养必须经过两个阶段或者层次,即:汉语基本语言能力的获得和汉语综合交际能力的养成。对于前面两个能力成分和汉语基本语言能力的理论探讨与教学实践,我们已经取得了可观的成就,积累了丰富的经验;对于后面的两大能力成分和汉语综合语言交际能力,却还没有多少深入细致的理论研究,教学实践方面的有效探索也不多见。这一现状,无疑为国际汉语教育教学从业者来带来一种挑战与机遇并存的研究实践语境。

Model for Communicative Competence in Chinese as a Second Language

This paper makes a detailed analysis of the concepts of ability,linguistic competence,second or foreign language ability and Chinese(as a second language) communicative competence,on the basis of which a model for the communicative competence in Chinese as a second language is constructed.The competence or proficiency in Chinese as a second language consists of Chinese knowledge and skills,Chinese cultural or pragmatic ability and strategic ability.The cultivation of such competence proceeds from a fundamental linguistic competence to a comprehensive communicative competence.The first two constituents of the competence and the fundamental competence,to a certain extent,have been thoroughly studied in the field of Teaching Chinese to Speakers of Other Lanugages(TCSOL),but the latter two constituents and the comprehensive competence need more elaborate studies,which poses a challenge for TCSOL research and offers a new area for TCSOL practice.